EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

gamma-terpinene
p-mentha-1,4-diene

Supplier Sponsors

Fragrance Demo Formulas
Name:1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
CAS Number: 99-85-4Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:202-794-6
FDA UNII: 4YGF4PQP49
Nikkaji Web:J4.974C
Beilstein Number:2038347
MDL:MFCD00001537
CoE Number:11025
XlogP3-AA:2.80 (est)
Molecular Weight:136.23752000
Formula:C10 H16
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
EFSA/JECFA Comments:
According to JECFA: Min. assay value is "95 %" and "may include traces of limonene, alpha and beta pinene and other common C10H16 terpenes". Composition of mixture to be specified. According to JECFA: Min. assay value is "95%" and "may include traces of limonene, alpha and beta- pinene and other common C10H16 terpenes".
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
JECFA Food Flavoring:1340 p-mentha-1,4-diene
DG SANTE Food Flavourings:01.020 gamma-terpinene
FEMA Number:3559 p-mentha-1,4-diene
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):99-85-4 ; GAMMA-TERPINENE
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.515 Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants.
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless clear oily liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: Yes
Specific Gravity:0.84600 to 0.84900 @ 25.00 °C.
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: 7.040 to 7.065
Refractive Index:1.47300 to 1.47700 @ 20.00 °C.
Melting Point: -10.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 181.00 to 183.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure:1.075000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Vapor Density:4.7 ( Air = 1 )
Flash Point: 125.00 °F. TCC ( 51.67 °C. )
logP (o/w): 4.500
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 fixed oils
 water, 8.68 mg/L @ 22 °C (exp)
Insoluble in:
 water
Stability:
 alcoholic fine fragrance, fair
 antiperspirant, fair
 fabric softener, poor
 hypochlorite bleach, poor
 liquid detergent, poor
 perborate powder detergent, poor
 soap, fair
 toiletry application, fair
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: terpenic
Odor Strength:medium ,
recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less
Substantivity:4 hour(s) at 100.00 %
oily woody terpenic lemon lime tropical herbal
Odor Description:at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. oily woody terpene lemon/lime tropical herbal
Luebke, William tgsc, (1989)
Odor sample from: SCM Glidco Organics
terpenic sweet citrus tropical lime
Odor Description:Terpy, sweet, citrus, with tropical and lime nuances
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 1, 43, (1993)
Flavor Type: terpenic
terpenic citrus lime oily green tropical fruity
Taste Description: at 40.00 ppm. Terpy, citrus, lime-Iike, oily, green with a tropical fruity nuance
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 1, 43, (1993)
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
Takasago
Terpinene Gamma ≥97% as gamma-Terpinene
Odor Description:Refreshing, lemony-citrosy
Widely used in flavor and fragrance for the reconstitution and extension of citrus oils.
Indukern F&F
GAMMA-TERPINENE 97%
Odor Description:HERBAL, CITRUS, LEMON, SPICY
Pell Wall Perfumes
gamma-Terpinene
Odor Description:Fresh, herbaceous, citrusy, terpy, sweet, tropical and lime, woody
Arctander says: “This isomer is the highest boiling of the Terpinenes. It has a refreshingly herbaceous-citrusy odor, not as lemony as the alpha-isomer, but somewhat warmer” and warns that “It is easily oxidized to the less desirable para-Cymene.”
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: perfuming agents
 
Suppliers:
ACS International
Terpinene gamma
Odor: Terpenic sweet citrus tropical
Operational Capabilities
Advanced Biotech
GAMMA TERPINENE NATURAL
Ambles Nature et Chimie
GAMMA TERPINENE NAT
Anhui Haibei
gamma-Terpinene natural
Odor: Oily woody terpene lemon/lime tropical herbal
Augustus Oils
Terpinene Gamma
Services
Aurochemicals
gamma-TERPINENE, Natural
Axxence Aromatic
gamma-TERPINENE Natural
Kosher
Sustainability
Berjé
Gamma Terpinene Natural
Media
Berjé
Gamma Terpinene
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Terpinene
De Monchy Aromatics
gamma-Terpinene P&F
ECSA Chemicals
GAMMA TERPINENE
ECSA TRADE THE MOST UPDATED FINANCIAL PUBLICATION ON THE WORLD OF CHEMISTRY
Ernesto Ventós
TERPINENE 95 GAMMA
Odor: REFRESHING, HERBAL, CITRUS, SPICY
Ernesto Ventós
TERPINENE GAMMA EXTRA, NATURAL
Ernesto Ventós
TERPINENE GAMMA NATURAL
Odor: REFRESHING, HERBAL, CITRUS, SPICY
Ernesto Ventós
TERPINENE GAMMA
Odor: REFRESHING, HERBAL, CITRUS, SPICY
Excellentia International
gamma-Terpinene Natural
ExtraSynthese
For experimental / research use only.
gamma-Terpinene (GC) ≥97%
Fleurchem
gamma-terpinene natural
Foreverest Resources
gamma-Terpinene 95%
Odor: characteristic
Use: gamma-Terpinene is a monoterpene and a major component of essential oils made from citrus fruits and shows strong antioxidant activity in various assay systems. And have been isolated from a variety of plant sources, such like coriander oil, lemon oil, cumin oil and fragrant celery oil. Also present in the grapes, celery, cinnamon, cloves, cumin seeds, ginger, pepper and tea.
Foreverest Resources
Gamma-terpinene 97%
Odor: Fruity, Citrus
Use: Terpinenes are classified as three isomeric hydrocarbons: alpha-Terpinene, beta-Terpinene and Gamma-terpinene.
Frutarom
Natural Gamma Terpinene
KOSHER
Flavor: Terpenic, sweet, citrus
CBD Offering
Fuzhou Farwell
Gamma Terpinene
IFF
Natural Gamma Terpinene
KOSHER
Flavor: Terpenic, sweet, citrus
Indenta Group
gamma-Terpinene
Indukern F&F
GAMMA-TERPINENE 97%
Odor: HERBAL, CITRUS, LEMON, SPICY
Indukern F&F
GAMMA-TERPINENE 98% (0.1% FENCHONE)
Odor: HERBAL, CITRUS, LEMON, SPICY
Indukern F&F
GAMMA-TERPINENE 98% NATURAL
Odor: HERBAL, CITRUS
Indukern F&F
GAMMA-TERPINENE 98%
Odor: HERBAL, CITRUS, LEMON, SPICY
K.L. Koh Enterprise
GAMMA-TERPINENE
Lluch Essence
GAMMA-TERPINENE NATURAL EX-AJOWAN 97%
Lluch Essence
GAMMA-TERPINENE NATURAL EX-CAJEPUT 95%
Lluch Essence
GAMMA-TERPINENE NATURAL EX-EUCALIPTUS 95%
Lluch Essence
GAMMA-TERPINENE
M&U International
gamma-TERPINENE
Moellhausen
gamma-TERPINENE Natural
Natural Advantage
Terpinene, gamma Nat
Flavor: citrus, herbal, lemon, terpenic
Riverside Aromatics LTD.is the exclusive distributor for Europe in UK for any non-US based inquiries
Nectar Lifesciences
Gamma-terpinene
Nippon Terpene Chemicals
gamma-Terpinene 90% up
OQEMA
Terpinene Gamma
Pell Wall Perfumes
gamma-Terpinene
Odor: Fresh, herbaceous, citrusy, terpy, sweet, tropical and lime, woody
Use: Arctander says: “This isomer is the highest boiling of the Terpinenes. It has a refreshingly herbaceous-citrusy odor, not as lemony as the alpha-isomer, but somewhat warmer” and warns that “It is easily oxidized to the less desirable para-Cymene.”
Penta International
G-TERPINENE
Penta International
GAMMA-TERPINENE NATURAL
Prodasynth
GAMMA TERPINENE 95
(> 95%)
Odor: REFRESHING, HERBAL, CITRUS, SPICY
Prodasynth
GAMMA TERPINENE
(> 98%)
R C Treatt & Co Ltd
gamma-Terpinene 60% Ex Lemon Natural
R C Treatt & Co Ltd
gamma-Terpinene 70% Ex Lemon Natural
Reincke & Fichtner
gamma-Terpinene natural
Reincke & Fichtner
gamma-Terpinene
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
g-Terpinene
Sigma-Aldrich
g-Terpinene, ≥95%, FG
Odor: herbaceous; citrus
Certified Food Grade Products
Sigma-Aldrich
g-Terpinene, natural, 95%, FG
Odor: herbaceous; citrus
Som Extracts
GAMMA TERPINENE NATURAL
SRS Aromatics
GAMMA TERPINENE (FG)
SRS Aromatics
GAMMA TERPINENE
Symrise
Terpinene Gamma
Odor: Aromatic, Herbal, Lemon, Citrus
Flavor: Terpenic, Thyme, Herbal, Oregano, Citrus
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
gamma-Terpinene
The John D. Walsh Company
gamma-Terpinene
The Lermond Company
GAMMA TERPINENE, NATURAL
The Lermond Company
GAMMA TERPINENE
Vigon International
Terpinene Gamma Natural
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xi - Irritant
R 10 - Flammable.
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Human Experience:
5 % solution: no irritation or sensitization.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 [sex: M,F] 3650 mg/kg
(Moreno, 1973ag)

oral-rat LD50 3650 mg/kg
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 14, Pg. 875, 1976.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 14, Pg. 875, 1976.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for gamma-terpinene usage levels up to:
  5.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
 
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 1200.00 (μg/capita/day)
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-USA): 321.00 (μg/capita/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 11
Click here to view publication 11
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -13.60000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -8.50000
beverages(alcoholic): -10.00000
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: -25.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -8.60000
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: -8.60000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -50.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: -20.00000
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: -10.30000
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, (FGE.25)[1] - Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food
View page or View pdf

Flavouring Group Evaluation 78 (FGE.78)[1] - Consideration of Aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives,Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 1 (FGE.78Rev1): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev2
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25, Revision 2 (FGE.25Rev2): Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (chemical group 31) when used as flavourings for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 78, Revision 2 (FGE.78Rev2): Consideration of aliphatic and alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to aliphatic hydrocarbons evaluated by EFSA in FGE.25Rev3
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):99-85-4
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :7461
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
SCCNFP:opinion
WISER:UN 2319
WGK Germany:2
1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
Chemidplus:0000099854
RTECS:OS8070000 for cas# 99-85-4
 
References:
 1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:99-85-4
Pubchem (cid):7461
Pubchem (sid):134972060
Flavornet:99-85-4
Pherobase:View
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Metabolomics Database:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C09900
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB05806
FooDB:FDB015968
Export Tariff Code:2902.90.3050
Typical G.C.
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor
balsamic
iso
amyl benzoate
FL/FR
croton glabellus bark extract
FL/FR
chemical
propyl propionate
FL/FR
citrus
abronia fragrance
FR
acetaldehyde citronellyl methyl acetal
FR
aldehydic nitrile
FR
cedrat specialty
FR
citral dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
citral propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
citronella oil ceylon
FL/FR
citronella oil ceylon replacer
FR
(S)-(-)-
citronellal
FL/FR
citronellyl nitrile
FR
citrus ocimenol
FR
dihydromyrcenol
FL/FR
dihydromyrcenyl acetate
FR
dimyrcetol (IFF)
FR
geranyl nitrile
CS
grapefruit oil c.p. california
FL/FR
grapefruit oil folded california
FL/FR
grapefruit oil folded florida
FL/FR
grapefruit oil replacer
FL/FR
lemon hexadiene
FL/FR
lemongrass fragrance
FR
lemongrass oil
FL/FR
lemongrass oil guatemala
FL/FR
lemongrass oil replacer
FR
lemongrass oil terpenes
FL/FR
lime octadienal
FR
lime oil distilled folded
FL/FR
lime oil distilled mexico
FL/FR
lime oil distilled peru
FL/FR
persian
lime oil expressed
FL/FR
lime oil expressed folded
FL/FR
lime oil expressed furanocoumarin reduced
FL/FR
lime oil expressed terpeneless
FL/FR
lime pyran
FR
dextro-
limonene
FL/FR
mandarin lemon fagrance
FR
ocimene quintoxide
FL/FR
ocimenol
FL/FR
petitgrain specialty
FR
pinus halepensis branch/leaf oil
FR
rhubafuran
FR
tetrahydromyrcenol
FR
tetrahydromyrcenyl acetate
FR
trimethyl cyclohexene
FR
verbena oil spain
FL/FR
verbena oil terpeneless
FL/FR
coconut
tetrahydrojasmone
FR
earthy
1-
octen-3-ol
FL/FR
fatty
5-
methyl-5-hexen-2-one
FL/FR
floral
alpha-
amyl cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
bois de rose fragrance
FR
bois de rose oil brazil
FL/FR
bois de rose oil replacer
FR
cilantro herb oil egypt
FL/FR
cyclamen aldehyde
FL/FR
cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol
FL/FR
dihydromyrcene
FR
iso
eugenyl ethyl acetal
FR
farnesol
FL/FR
gelsone (IFF)
FL/FR
geranyl acetone
FL/FR
geranyl tiglate
FL/FR
jasmin absolute egypt (from concrete)
FL/FR
jonesia specialty
FR
jonquil fragrance
FR
linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR
allo
ocimene
FL/FR
beta-
ocimene
FL/FR
(Z)-beta-
ocimene
FL/FR
petitgrain fragrance
FR
petitgrain lemon oil
FL/FR
petitgrain oil paraguay
FL/FR
petitgrain tangerine oil
FL/FR
phenethyl butyrate
FL/FR
rose absolute (rosa damascena) turkey
FL/FR
fruity
allyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
butyl hexanoate
FL/FR
ethyl (Z)-4-heptenoate
FL/FR
(E)-
ethyl tiglate
FL/FR
herbanate (Givaudan)
FR
ocimen-1-yl acetate
FR
octyl formate
FL/FR
propyl hexanoate
FL/FR
pyrus communis fruit extract
FL/FR
strawberry furanone butyrate
FL/FR
green
agrumen aldehyde
FR
cilantro leaf oil
FL/FR
decahydrocyclododecaoxazole
FR
iso
decanal
FL/FR
diphenyl methane
FL/FR
(E)-2-
hexen-1-yl butyrate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl butyrate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl methyl carbonate
FL/FR
(E)-2-
hexen-1-yl propionate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl pyruvate
FL/FR
hexyl hexanoate
FL/FR
3,6-
ivy carbaldehyde
FL/FR
leafy acetal
FL/FR
(E,Z)-2,6-
nonadienal diethyl acetal
FL/FR
olive oil absolute
FL/FR
phenyl acetaldehyde diethyl acetal
FL/FR
herbal
6-
acetoxydihydrotheaspirane
FL/FR
acorus calamus rhizome oil
FR
mountain
ash berry fragrance
FR
calamus oil replacer
FR
(R)-(+)-
citronellal
FL/FR
citrus ocimenol acetate
FR
dehydroxylinalool oxide
FL/FR
alpha-
dihydroterpineol
FL/FR
dihydroterpinyl acetate
FL/FR
elemi resinoid replacer
FR
eucalyptus citriodora oil
FR
freesia heptanol
FL/FR
geranic oxide
FL/FR
hop oil
FL/FR
jambu oleoresin
FL/FR
linalyl octanoate
FL/FR
melaleuca linariifolia oil
FR
3-
octyl acetate
FL/FR
origanum oil terpenes
FR
perillaldehyde
FL/FR
petitgrain heptane
FR
sabinene hydrate
FL/FR
saffron pyranone
FR
oswego
tea specialty
FR
alpha-
terpinyl acetate
FL/FR
melon
(Z)-6-
nonen-1-yl acetate
FL/FR
minty
dextro-
dihydrocarvone
FL/FR
pine
dipentene terpene hydrocarbon byproducts
FR
pine oil 60
FR
spicy
carrot weed oil
FL/FR
cubeb oil CO2 extract (piper cubeba)
FL/FR
galangal root oil
FL/FR
ginger oleoresin africa
FL/FR
ginger root oil china
FL/FR
ginger root oil cochin
FL/FR
myrcene
FR
black
pepper oil
FL/FR
black
pepper oil replacer
FR
spicewood oil
FR
sulfurous
buchu mercaptan
FL/FR
terpenic
laevo-
limonene
FL/FR
alpha-
phellandrene
FL/FR
waxy
2,4-
nonadien-1-ol
FL/FR
woody
(E+Z)-4,8-
dimethyl-3,7-nonadien-2-ol
FL/FR
(E)-beta-
farnesene
FL/FR
pistacia lentiscus leaf oil
FR
polylimonene
FL/FR
sandalwood fragrance
FR
sandalwood oil
FL/FR
sandalwood oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
sandalwood oil replacer
FR
sandalwood specialty
FR
For Flavor
No flavor group found for these
6-
acetoxydihydrotheaspirane
FL/FR
alpha-
amyl cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
citral propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
(R)-(+)-
citronellal
FL/FR
(S)-(-)-
citronellal
FL/FR
croton glabellus bark extract
FL/FR
iso
decanal
FL/FR
dihydroterpinyl acetate
FL/FR
(E+Z)-4,8-
dimethyl-3,7-nonadien-2-ol
FL/FR
(E)-beta-
farnesene
FL/FR
2-
heptyl cyclopropane carboxylic acid
FL
melissa oil
FL
ocimenol
FL/FR
3-
octyl butyrate
FL
phenyl acetaldehyde diethyl acetal
FL/FR
polylimonene
FL/FR
(E)-4-
undecenal
FL
aromatic
aromatic
leafy acetal
FL/FR
camphoreous
geranic oxide
FL/FR
citrus
bergamot orange lime flavor
FL
cherry lemon lime flavor
FL
cherry lime flavor
FL
cilantro leaf oil
FL/FR
citral dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
citronella oil ceylon
FL/FR
citrus flavor
FL
freesia heptanol
FL/FR
grapefruit flavor
FL
grapefruit oil c.p. california
FL/FR
grapefruit oil folded california
FL/FR
grapefruit oil folded florida
FL/FR
grapefruit oil replacer
FL/FR
lemon carbonyls
FL
lemon hexadiene
FL/FR
lemon lime flavor
FL
lemongrass oil
FL/FR
lemongrass oil guatemala
FL/FR
lemongrass oil terpenes
FL/FR
lime oil distilled folded
FL/FR
lime oil distilled mexico
FL/FR
lime oil distilled peru
FL/FR
persian
lime oil expressed
FL/FR
lime oil expressed folded
FL/FR
lime oil expressed furanocoumarin reduced
FL/FR
lime oil expressed terpeneless
FL/FR
limequat flavor
FL
dextro-
limonene
FL/FR
allo
ocimene
FL/FR
petitgrain lemon oil
FL/FR
verbena oil france
FL
verbena oil morocco
FL
verbena oil spain
FL/FR
verbena oil terpeneless
FL/FR
cooling
jambu oleoresin
FL/FR
sabinene hydrate
FL/FR
ethereal
5-
methyl-5-hexen-2-one
FL/FR
fatty
(E,E)-2,4-
heptadienal
FL
2,4-
nonadien-1-ol
FL/FR
floral
bois de rose oil brazil
FL/FR
farnesol
FL/FR
geranyl acetone
FL/FR
geranyl tiglate
FL/FR
jasmin absolute egypt (from concrete)
FL/FR
jasmin flavor
FL
linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR
rose absolute (rosa damascena) turkey
FL/FR
fruity
iso
amyl benzoate
FL/FR
banana flavor
FL
blueberry lime flavor
FL
iso
butyl hexanoate
FL/FR
dragon fruit distillates
FL
dragon fruit flavor
FL
ethyl (Z)-4-heptenoate
FL/FR
(E)-
ethyl tiglate
FL/FR
furfuryl propionate
FL
2,4-
hexadien-1-ol
FL
hexyl hexanoate
FL/FR
linalyl octanoate
FL/FR
lychee flavor
FL
(Z)-3-
nonen-1-yl acetate
FL
phenethyl butyrate
FL/FR
propyl hexanoate
FL/FR
pyrus communis fruit extract
FL/FR
strawberry furanone butyrate
FL/FR
green
allyl butyrate
FL/FR
carrot weed oil
FL/FR
cyclamen aldehyde
FL/FR
cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol
FL/FR
dextro-
dihydrocarvone
FL/FR
dihydromyrcenol
FL/FR
diphenyl methane
FL/FR
gelsone (IFF)
FL/FR
(E)-2-
hexen-1-yl butyrate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl butyrate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl methyl carbonate
FL/FR
(E)-2-
hexen-1-yl propionate
FL/FR
(Z)-3-
hexen-1-yl pyruvate
FL/FR
3,6-
ivy carbaldehyde
FL/FR
(E,Z)-2,6-
nonadienal diethyl acetal
FL/FR
(Z)-6-
nonen-1-yl acetate
FL/FR
beta-
ocimene
FL/FR
(Z)-beta-
ocimene
FL/FR
ocimene quintoxide
FL/FR
3-
octyl acetate
FL/FR
octyl formate
FL/FR
herbal
cilantro herb oil egypt
FL/FR
hop oil
FL/FR
petitgrain oil paraguay
FL/FR
petitgrain tangerine oil
FL/FR
mushroom
1-
octen-3-ol
FL/FR
oily
olive oil absolute
FL/FR
spicy
cubeb oil CO2 extract (piper cubeba)
FL/FR
galangal root oil
FL/FR
ginger flavor
FL
ginger oleoresin africa
FL/FR
ginger root oil china
FL/FR
ginger root oil cochin
FL/FR
black
pepper oil
FL/FR
perillaldehyde
FL/FR
sulfurous
buchu mercaptan
FL/FR
terpenic
laevo-
limonene
FL/FR
alpha-
phellandrene
FL/FR
tropical
propyl propionate
FL/FR
woody
dehydroxylinalool oxide
FL/FR
alpha-
dihydroterpineol
FL/FR
sandalwood oil
FL/FR
sandalwood oil CO2 extract
FL/FR
alpha-
terpinyl acetate
FL/FR
 
Potential Uses:
FRcitrus
FL/FRcoriander
FRcumin oil replacer
FRgrapefruit
FRherbal
FRlemon
FRlime
FRmango
FRnutmeg
FRspice
FRthyme oil white replacer
FLtropical
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 achillea tenuifolia lam. flower oil iran @ 0.20%
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 agathosma crenulata oil @ 0.09%
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 ajowan seed oil turkey @ 11.86%
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 allspice fruit
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 allspice leaf
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 allspice leaf oil
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 allspice seed
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 amomum testaceum ridl. fruit oil malaysia @ 0.20%
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 angelica root oil @ 3.07%
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 angelica seed oil CO2 extract @ 0.20%
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 anise seed oil star china @ 0.30%
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 anise star anise fruit
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 armoise oil morocco @ 1.5%
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 artemisia campestris spp. glutinosa flower oil italy @ 0.40%
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 artemisia santolina schrenk oil iran @ 0.90%
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 artemisia variabilis flower oil italy @ 3.20%
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 basil leaf oil
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 basil oil sweet poland @ 0.15%
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 basil oil var. glabratum turkey @ trace%
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 basil plant
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 bay laurel leaf
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 bay laurel leaf oil
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 bay leaf oil @ <0.01-0.16%
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 bay leaf oil anise @ 0.1%
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 bergamot oil @ 11.0%
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 bergamot oil @ 5.266-11.151%
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 bergamot oil turkey @ 4.12%
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 bergamot plant wild
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 betel leaf oil @ 1.60%
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 blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. sanguinello) italy @ 0.006%
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 blood orange oil (citrus sinensis l. var. tarocco) italy @ 0.003%
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 blood orange oil italy @ 0.007%
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 buchu leaf oil @ 0.34%
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 cabbage shoot
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 cajuput oil @ 0.2%
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 cajuput oil vietnam @ 4.6%
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 calamintha nepeta (l.) savi subsp. glandulosa oil greece @ trace%
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 calamus leaf oil @ 0.05%
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 cananga fruit oil @ 5.6%
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 cananga odorata oil java @ 0.07%
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 caraway plant
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 caraway seed
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 cardamom fruit
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 cardamom root oil
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 carrot root
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 carrot seed oil @ 0.36%
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 carrot seed oil spain @ 0.02-0.52%
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 cascarilla bark oil @ 0.60%
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 cassia plant
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 cassis bud oil @ trace-1.80%
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 cedarleaf oil canada @ 0.32-0.53%
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 cedarwood oil lebanon @ >0.10%
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 celery leaf oil
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 celery seed
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 chamomile oil morocco @ 0.10%
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 chenopodium ambrosioides oil @ 0.1%
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 cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 0.50%
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 cinnamomum fragrans baillon leaf oil madagascar @ 2.20%
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 cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark
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 cinnamon ceylon cinnamon leaf
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 cinnamon ceylon cinnamon root bark
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 cinnamon ceylon cinnamon stem bark
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 cinnamon oil CO2 extract @ 0.01-0.03%
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 clary sage oil sardinia @ 0.90%
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 clary sage oil spain @ trace%
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 coriander
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 coriander fruit
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 coriander oil
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 coriander seed oil
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 coriander seed oil @ 4.50%
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 coriander seed oil cuba @ 4.08%
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 cornmint leaf
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 cornmint oil
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 crithmum maritimum l. oil turkey @ 19.30%
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 croton cajucara benth. leaf oil brazil @ trace%
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 croton flavens l. (welensali) leaf oil curacao @ 0.20%
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 cubeb oil @ 1.14%
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 cumin
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 cumin oil
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 cumin seed
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 cumin seed oil
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 cumin seed oil egypt @ 19.12%
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 cumin seed oil turkey @ 29.1%
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 curcuma mangga
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 curry fruit oil india @ 3.00%
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 curry leaf oil india @ 0.20%
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 cypress cone oil egypt @ 0.8%
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 cypress oil @ 0.41-0.51%
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 dill leaf
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 dill seed
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 dill weed oil reunion @ trace%
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 echinophora cinerea oil iran @ 0.30%
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 eucalyptus camaldulensis dehn. leaf oil jerusalem @ 1.30%
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 eucalyptus camaldulensis dehnh. leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.60%
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 eucalyptus deaneti maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 2.10%
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 eucalyptus delegatensis r. baker leaf oil ethiopia @ 18.00%
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 eucalyptus globulus bicostata oil @ 0.15%
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 eucalyptus globulus bud oil @ trace%
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 eucalyptus globulus fruit oil @ 0.18%
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 eucalyptus globulus oil @ 0.17%
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 eucalyptus globulus oil pakistan @ 1.20%
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 eucalyptus globulus oil rwanda @ 3.20%
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 eucalyptus globulus oil zambia @ 0.50%
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 eucalyptus grandis w. hill ex maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.30%
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 eucalyptus nitens (deane et maiden) maiden leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.10%
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 eucalyptus saligna smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.90%
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 eucalyptus tereticornis smith leaf oil ethiopia @ 1.00%
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 eucalyptus urophylla s.t. blake leaf oil ethiopia @ 0.20%
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 featherfew leaf oil @ 1.87%
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 fennel absolute sweet @ 0.20%
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 fennel flower oil bitter lithuania @ 0.81%
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 fennel oil
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 fennel plant
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 fennel seed
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 fennel seed oil
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 fennel seed oil bitter spain @ 0.40%
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 ferula cupularis flower oil @ 2.19%
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 feverfew flower oil @ 0.1%
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 feverfew leaf oil belgium @ 1.0%
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 fir needle oil canada @ 0.06-0.31%
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 fir needle oil siberia @ 0.14%
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 foeniculum vulgare piperitum oil @ 5.10%
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 frankincense oil somalia @ 0.10%
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 galangal root oil @ 0.22%
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 ginger rhizome
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 ginger rhizome oil
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 glycosmis pentaphylla (cor.) seed oil india @ 0.60%
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 grapefruit
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 grapefruit juice
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 grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.01%
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 grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.07%
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 grapefruit oil c.p. @ 0.08%
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 grapefruit oil c.p. italy @ 0.02%
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 grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.10%
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 grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.12%
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 grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 0.16%
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 grapefruit oil c.p. russia @ 15.41%
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 grapefruit oil CO2 extract @ 0.74%
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 guava leaf oil cuba @ trace%
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 heracleum candolleanum rhizome oil india @ 4.60%
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 heracleum paphlagonicum czeczott fruit oil turkey @ 0.30%
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 herniaria incana lam. oil greece @ trace%
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 hinoki leaf oil @ 1.77%
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 hinoki root oil @ 0.45%
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 hinoki wood oil @ 0.15%
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 ho leaf oil @ 0.30%
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 horsemint shoot
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 hypericum dogonbadanicum assadi oil iran @ 0.60%
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 hyptis spicigera lam. oil mali @ trace-0.20%
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 hyptis suaveolens (l.) poit. oil mali @ 1.00-2.10%
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 hyssop leaf
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 juniper berry oil CO2 extract @ 6.90%
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 juniper branch oil @ 1.80%
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 juniper needle oil @ 3.00%
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 kewda oil @ 0.28-0.76%
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 labdanum leaf oil @ 0.40%
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 labdanum oil @ 0.35%
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 laurel bark oil @ 0.3%
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 laurel berry oil @ 0.8%
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 laurel leaf oil turkey @ 1.80%
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 laurel stem oil @ 0.2%
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 laurel wood oil @ 0.1%
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 lavandin oil abrialis @ 0.26%
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 lavandin oil grosso @ 0.40%
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 lavandin water (lavandula hydrida) @ 0.05%
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 lavender oil france @ 0.07%
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 lavender oil greece @ 0.07%
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 lavender oil spike france @ 0.15%
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 lavender spike water @ 0.02%
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 layana oil kenya @ 1.64%
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 layana oil wild zimbabwe @ 0.30-1.90%
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 layana oil zimbabwe @ 0.7%
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 lemon fruit juice
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 lemon leaf oil
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 lemon oil
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 lemon oil california @ 8.32%
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 lemon oil expressed italy @ 10.56%
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 lemon pericarp
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 lemon pericarp oil
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 lemon petiole
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 lemon verbena oil morocco @ 1.0%
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 lemon verbena oil turkey @ 0.08%
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 lemongrass oil @ 0.04%
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 levisticum officinale flower oil @ 1.87%
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 levisticum officinale seed oil @ 0.39%
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 lime fruit
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 lime oil CO2 extract mexico @ 2.46%
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 lime oil distilled mexico @ 11.02%
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 lime oil distilled peru @ 13.35%
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 lime oil expressed florida @ 17.0%
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 lime peel
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 lippia aff. gracillis h.b.k. leaf oil brazil @ 10.60%
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 lovage flower oil @ 1.40%
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 lovage leaf oil @ 2.60%
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 lovage root
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 lovage root oil @ 0.74%
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 lovage seed oil @ 2.11%
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 mace oil @ 6.60%
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 mace oil CO2 extract @ 1.20%
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 mace oil east india @ 1.83%
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 mandarin fruit
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 mandarin leaf oil
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 mandarin oil @ 19.17%
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 mandarin oil avana @ 16.68%
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 mandarin oil avana @ 17.17%
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 mandarin oil italy @ 19.17%
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 mandarin oil italy @ 19.85%
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 mandarin oil japan @ 4.60%
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 mandarin oil uruguay @ 0.01-0.02%
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 manuka var. eximium oil australia @ 0.10%
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 manuka var. rotundifolium oil australia @ 0.30%
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 manuka var. scoparium oil new zealand @ 0.16%
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 marjoram leaf
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 marjoram leaf oil
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 marjoram oil
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 marjoram oil @ 2.20%
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 marjoram oil spain @ 0.10%
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 marjoram oil sweet cuba @ 8.34%
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 marjoram oil sweet cyprus @ 8.30-11.10%
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 marjoram oil sweet iran @ 8.80%
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 marjoram oil sweet morocco @ 1.21%
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 marjoram oil sweet turkey @ 3.72-4.84%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 marjoram pot oil turkey @ 1.83-16.32%
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 mastic fruit oil @ 0.02%
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 mastic leaf oil @ 0.07%
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 mastic oil @ 0.01%
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 mayur pankh fruit oil himalaya @ 1.10%
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 melissa oil @ 0.40%
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 mentha longifolia (l.) huds. oil jordan @ 0.10%
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 michelia alba flower absolute @ 0.01%
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 microstrobos fitzgeraldii leaf oil australia @ 0.20%
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 microstrobos niphophilus leaf oil australia @ 0.70%
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 mikan peel oil @ 4.80%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 mint
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 myristica fragrans fruit oil @ 3.90%
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 myrrhinium atropurpureum schott leaf oil brazil @ 0.80%
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 myrtle lemon scented leaf oil australia @ 0.30%
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 myrtle oil @ 0.15%
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 narcissus absolute @ 10.29%
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 narcissus absolute @ 27.21%
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 nepeta denudata benth. oil iran @ 0.80%
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 neroli oil CO2 extract @ 0.06%
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 niaouli oil egypt @ 1.00%
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 nutmeg extract CO2 west indian @ 0.80%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 nutmeg flower oil @ 4.63%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 nutmeg leaf oil @ 1.80-5.96%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 nutmeg oil
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 nutmeg oil hydrodistilled india @ 3.9%
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 nutmeg oil india @ 1.80%
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 nutmeg seed
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 nutmeg seed oil
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 ocimum gratissimum l. oil brazil @ 0.07%
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 ocimun viride
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 orange fruit
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 orange fruit juice
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 orange oil c.p. brazil @ trace-0.02%
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 orange peel oil
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 orange peel oil bitter brazil @ 0.07%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 orange peel oil bitter china @ 4.25%
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 orange peel oil bitter italy @ 0.02%
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 orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.004%
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 orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.005%
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 orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.006%
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 orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.007%
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 orange peel oil sweet c.p. blond italy @ 0.017%
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 oregano oil
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 oregano oil mexico @ 0.54%
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 oregano plant
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 oregano plant
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 oregano shoot
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 oregano shoot oil
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 origanum oil greece @ 6.43%
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 orthodon dianthera maxim. oil vietnam @ 0.10%
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 osmanthus absolute @ 0.20%
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 palmarosa oil @ trace%
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 papaya fruit
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 parsley fruit oil
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 parsley leaf
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 parsley leaf oil @ 0.09%
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 parsley leaf oil cuba @ 0.03%
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 parsley seed
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 parsley seed oil
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 parsley seed oil @ 0.10%
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 parsnip root
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 pepper bell pepper fruit
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 pepper black pepper fruit
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 pepper black pepper fruit oil
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 pepper black pepper seed oil
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 pepper oil black india @ 0.50%
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 peppermint leaf
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 peppermint oil america @ 0.68%
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 petitgrain bigarade oil @ 1.60%
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 petitgrain combava oil @ 0.07%
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 petitgrain grapefruit oil @ 12.00%
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 petitgrain lemon oil @ 0.79%
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 petitgrain lime oil @ 0.30%
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 petitgrain oil @ 0.10%
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 petitgrain sweet oil @ 0.11%
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 peucedanum petiolare (dc) boiss oil iran @ 0.10%
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 phoebe oil brazil @ 0.03%
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 pimenta leaf oil @ 0.56%
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 pimenta racemosa leaf oil lemon @ 0.04%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 pimento berry oil @ 1.1%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 pimento berry oil CO2 extract jamaica @ trace%
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 pine needle oil dwarf @ 0.23%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 pine needle oil scotch siberia @ 0.9-1.2%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 pinus spp.
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 pinus sylvestris l. needle oil estonia @ 0.30%
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 pinus sylvestris l. needle oil yugoslavia @ 0.20%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 plectranthus glandulosus hook f. leaf oil cameroon @ 0.20%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 prangos uechtritzii boiss. et hausskn. fruit oil turkey @ 7.00%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 prangos uloptera dc. oil iran @ 2.10%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 ravintsara leaf oil @ 2.15%%
Data GC Search Picture
 rosemary leaf
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 rosemary leaf oil
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 rosemary oil corsica @ 1.90%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 rosemary oil egypt @ 0.26%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 rosemary oil france @ 0.28-1.28%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 rosemary oil morocco @ 0.93-1.19%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 rosemary oil spain @ 10.8%
Data GC Search Trop Picture
 rosemary oil turkey @ 1.52%
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 rosemary plant
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 rosemary sap
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 rosemary shoot
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 rosemary shoot oil
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 saffron stigma
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 sage clary sage
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 sage leaf
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 sage leaf oil
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 sage oil albania @ 0.50%
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 sage oil cuba @ 0.29%
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 sage oil dalmatian @ 0.16%
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 sage oil dalmatian @ 0.20%
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 sage oil dalmatian @ 0.50%
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 sage oil england @ 0.10%
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 sage oil germany @ 0.20%
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 sage oil hydrodistillation france @ 0.20%
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 sage oil reunion @ 0.30%
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 sage oil sardinia @ 0.20%
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 sage oil spain @ 0.0-0.7%
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 sage oil spain @ 0.1%
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 sage oil spain @ 0.30%
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 sage plant
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 salvia atropatana bunge oil iran @ 0.10%
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 salvia lavandulifolia vahl. leaf oil spain @ 1.10%
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 salvia officinalis oil cuba @ 0.29%
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 salvia officinalis oil reunion @ 0.32%
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 santolina oil @ 1.35%
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 satureja khuzistanica jamzad oil iran @ 18.90%
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 satureja viminea l. oil costa rica @ trace%
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 savin
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 savin oil @ 1.30%
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 savory oil summer @ 47.23-53.22%
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 savory oil winter @ 10.80%
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 savory oleoresin winter @ 10.80%
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 savory summer savory plant
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 savory winter savory oil
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 savory winter savory plant
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 snake root oil canada @ 0.80%
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 spearmint oil
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 spearmint oil america @ 0.07-0.14%
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 stachys recta l. oil serbia @ 0.30%
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 star fruit oil cuba @ trace%
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 sugandha kokila berry oil @ 0.60%
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 tagete oil CO2 extract @ 0.26%
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 tagete oil rwanda @ trace%
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 tagete oil turkey @ 0.05%
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 tanacetum annum l. oil marocco @ 1.50%
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 tangerine oil america @ 1.96%
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 tansy flower oil canada @ 0.37%
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 tansy flower oil dutch @ trace%
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 tansy leaf oil dutch @ 0.30%
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 tansy oil argentina @ 0.25%
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 tansy oil canada @ 0.30%
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 tansy oil marocco @ 0.40%
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 tarragon oil
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 tarragon shoot
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 tea tree oil australia @ 21.15%
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 thevetia peruviana (pers.) k. schum. flower oil brazil @ 2.00%
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 thyme absolute @ 2.45%
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 thyme oil
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 thyme oil portuguese @ 15.0%
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 thyme oil red CO2 extract @ 0.67%
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 thyme oil red CO2 extract spain @ 25.0%
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 thyme oil red india @ 14.5%
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 thyme oil red spain @ 12.06-12.27%
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 thyme oil spain @ 0.36%
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 thyme oil spain @ 10.95%
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 thyme oil wild or creeping canada @ 0.50%
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 thyme oil wild or creeping pakistan @ 1.66%
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 thyme plant
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 thymus richardii pers. subsp. nitidus (guss.) jalas oil italy @ trace%
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 trachyspermum roxburghianum benth. ex. kurz. seed oil india @ 6.70%
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 turmeric leaf
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 turmeric oil china @ 2.72%
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 turmeric rhizome
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 valerian root oil @ trace-0.2%
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 vassoura oil @ 0.10%
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 water mint shoot
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 wormseed
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 wormseed oil america @ 0.58%
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 wormseed oil spain @ 0.03%
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 wormwood oil america @ 0.41%
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 wormwood oil annus france @ 0.07-0.34%
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 wormwood oil cuba @ 2.08%
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 wormwood oil italy @ 0.6%
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 yarrow leaf oil @ 1.80%
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 yarrow oil @ 0.60%
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 yarrow oil greece @ 0.30%
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 yuzu leaf oil @ 13.62-18.46%
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 yuzu peel oil c.p. @ 7.59-7.78%
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 yuzu peel oil CO2 extract @ 7.43-10.49%
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 zanthoxylum bracchyacanthum l. leaf oil australia @ 0.10%
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Synonyms:
 crithmene
1,4-cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-
1,4-cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-isopropyl-
p-mentha-1,4-diene
para-mentha-1,4-diene
1,4-p-menthadiene
1,4-para-menthadiene
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-methyl-4-(1-methyl ethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-methyl-4-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexa-1,4-diene
1-methyl-4-isopropyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
 moslene
4-isopropyl-1-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-isopropyl-4-methyl-1,4-cyclohexadiene
1-isopropyl-4-methylcyclohexa-1,4-diene
g-terpinene
gamma-terpinene 60% ex lemon natural
gamma-terpinene 70% ex lemon natural
 terpinene gamma natural
gamma-terpinene natural
gamma-terpinene P&F
 

Articles:

PubMed:The chemical composition and the content of volatile oil: potential factors that can contribute to the oxidative stability of Nigella sativa L. crude oil.
PubMed:Volatile aroma components and antioxidant activities of the flavedo peel extract of unripe Shiikuwasha (Citrus depressa Hayata).
PubMed:Comparative study on the antioxidant capacity and cholinesterase inhibitory activity of Citrus aurantifolia Swingle, C. aurantium L., and C. bergamia Risso and Poit. peel essential oils.
PubMed:a-Terpinene, an antioxidant in tea tree oil, autoxidizes rapidly to skin allergens on air exposure.
PubMed:A comparative study on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum).
PubMed:Terpene synthases of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) and their roles in the pathway and regulation of terpene biosynthesis.
PubMed:Comparative analysis of essential oils from eight herbal medicines with pungent flavor and cool nature by GC-MS and chemometric resolution methods.
PubMed:Flavor components of monoterpenes in citrus essential oils enhance the release of monoamines from rat brain slices.
PubMed:Character impact odorants of Citrus Hallabong [(C. unshiu Marcov x C. sinensis Osbeck) x C. reticulata Blanco] cold-pressed peel oil.
PubMed:Characterization of the odor-active volatiles in citrus Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka).
PubMed:Volatile flavor components of ripe and overripe ki-mikans (Citrus flaviculpus Hort. ex Tanaka) in comparison with Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka).
PubMed:Encapsulation of lemon oil by paste method using beta-cyclodextrin: encapsulation efficiency and profile of oil volatiles.
PubMed:A comparative study on chemical composition and antioxidant activity of ginger (Zingiber officinale) and cumin (Cuminum cyminum).
 
Notes:
Constit. of many essential oils e.g. Citrus, Eucalyptus, Mentha, Pinus spp. Ajowan seed oil (Carum copticum) is a major source The terpinenes are three isomeric hydrocarbons that are classified as terpenes. They each have the same molecular formula and carbon framework, but they differ in the position of carbon-carbon double bonds. alpha-Terpinene has been isolated from cardamom and marjoram oils, and from other natural sources. beta-Terpinene has no known natural source, but has been prepared synthetically from sabinene. gamma-Terpinene is natural and has been isolated from a variety of plant sources. (Wikipedia)
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