Category:flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow liquid to solid (est) |
Assay: | 96.00 to 100.00
|
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
Specific Gravity: | 0.99500 to 1.01900 @ 25.00 °C.
|
Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 8.279 to 8.479
|
Refractive Index: | 1.41700 to 1.42200 @ 20.00 °C.
|
Melting Point: | 90.00 to 91.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Boiling Point: | 147.00 to 148.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
Vapor Pressure: | 2.690000 mm/Hg @ 25.00 °C. |
Vapor Density: | 3.0 ( Air = 1 ) |
Flash Point: | 113.00 °F. TCC ( 45.00 °C. )
|
logP (o/w): | -0.360 |
Shelf Life: | 12.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
Storage: | refrigerate in tightly sealed containers. |
Soluble in: |
| alcohol | | propylene glycol | | water, 1000000 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp) |
Insoluble in: |
| fixed oils |
Similar Items:note |
acetoin acetate |
acetoin butyrate |
acetoin propylene glycol acetal |
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: buttery |
Odor Strength:high , recommend smelling in a 1.00 % solution or less |
Substantivity:28 hour(s) at 100.00 % |
sweet buttery creamy dairy milky fatty |
Odor Description:at 1.00 % in dipropylene glycol. sweet buttery creamy dairy milky fatty |
Odor sample from: CA Aromatics Company Inc. |
Flavor Type: creamy |
creamy dairy sweet oily milky buttery yogurt |
Taste Description: creamy dairy sweet oily milky buttery |
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Advanced Biotech |
ACETOIN LIQUID NATURAL 96% min. (liquid slurry) |
Odor Description:Dairy, butter, milk, yogurt |
PerfumersWorld |
Acetoin |
Odor Description:sweet carmal creamy green butter dairy milk fatty buttery creamy sour fatty vanilla |
Taytonn |
Acetoin |
Odor Description:Buttery, Caramellic/ Caramel, Creamy, Dairy Products |
Lluch Essence |
ACETOIN |
Odor Description:CREAMY, SWEET, FATTY |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Advanced Biotech |
ACETOIN LIQUID NATURAL
96% min. (liquid slurry) Odor: Dairy, butter, milk, yogurt |
Advanced Biotech |
ACETOIN LIQUID SYNTHETIC
96% min. Odor: Dairy, butter, milk, yogurt |
Advanced Biotech |
ACETOIN POWDER NATURAL
96% min. Odor: Dairy, butter, milk, yogurt |
Advanced Biotech |
ACETOIN POWDER SYNTHETIC
96% min. Odor: Dairy, butter, milk, yogurt |
Ambles Nature et Chimie |
ACETOINE NAT
|
Anhui Haibei |
Acetoin natural
Odor: Sweet carmal creamy green butter dairy milk fatty |
Anhui Suzhou Jinli Aromatic Chemicals |
Acetoin
|
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
Acetoin Natural
|
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
Acetoin,dimer Natural
|
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
Acetoin,dimer
|
Apple Flavor & Fragrance |
Acetoin
|
Augustus Oils |
Acetyl Methyl Carbinol
|
Services |
Aurochemicals |
ACETOIN, Natural (Liquid)
|
Aurochemicals |
ACETOIN, Natural (Powder)
|
Axxence Aromatic |
ACETOIN Natural
Kosher |
Sustainability |
Beijing Lys Chemicals |
Acetoin
|
Berjé |
Acetoin
|
Happening at Berje |
Charkit Chemical |
ACETOIN FEMA 2008
|
Charkit Chemical |
ACETOIN LIQUID NATURAL FEMA 2008
|
Citrus and Allied Essences |
Acetoin 98/100% FCC
|
Market Report |
Citrus and Allied Essences |
Acetoin Powder 98/100% FCC
|
De Monchy Aromatics |
acetoin (powder)
|
De Monchy Aromatics |
acetoin 50% in MPG EU natural
Odor: sweet, Fatty, buttery, creamy, dairy, milky |
De Monchy Aromatics |
acetoin 50% in MPG
|
De Monchy Aromatics |
Acetoin
|
Diffusions Aromatiques |
ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL NATUREL
|
Diffusions Aromatiques |
ACETYLMETHYLCARBINOL
|
Elan Inc. |
acetoin
(natural), Kosher |
Elan Inc. |
acetoin
Kosher |
Ernesto Ventós |
ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL BASF
Odor: BUTTER-LIKE Flavor: BUTTER-LIKE |
Ernesto Ventós |
ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL NATURAL
Odor: BUTTER-LIKE Flavor: BUTTER-LIKE |
Ernesto Ventós |
ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL
Odor: BUTTER-LIKE Flavor: BUTTER-LIKE |
Excellentia International |
Acetoin (Acetyl Methyl Carbinol) Natural
|
FCI SAS |
ACETOIN NATURAL EU
Odor: Cream like |
Fleurchem |
acetoin (acetyl methyl carbinol)
|
Fleurchem |
acetoin natural
|
Global Essence |
Acetoin Natural
|
Grau Aromatics |
ACETOIN
NI, Kosher |
Indukern F&F |
ACETOIN NATURAL
Odor: CREAMY, CARAMEL, SWEET, BUTTER |
Indukern F&F |
ACETOIN
Odor: CREAMY, CARAMEL, SWEET, BUTTER |
Inoue Perfumery |
ACETOIN
|
Jiangyin Healthway |
3-Hydroxy-2-butanone ( Acetoin )
|
New functional food ingredients |
Jinan Enlighten Chemical Technology(Wutong Aroma ) |
Acetoin, Kosherk
|
Kingchem Laboratories |
ACETOIN SYNTH (3 HYDROXY 2 BUTANONE)
Odor: Cream |
Kingchem Laboratories |
ACETOIN, NATURAL
|
Kun Shan P&A |
Natural Acetoin ( Powder)
|
Kunshan Sainty |
Acetoin, Natural
|
Lluch Essence |
ACETOIN NATURAL 96%
|
Lluch Essence |
ACETOIN
Odor: CREAMY, SWEET, FATTY |
M&U International |
ACETOIN, Kosher
|
M&U International |
NAT.ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL(ACETOIN), Kosher
|
Moellhausen |
ACETOIN Natural
|
Moellhausen |
ACETOIN
Odor: sweet, butter, vanilla, fatty note |
O'Laughlin Industries |
ACETOIN NATURAL
|
O'Laughlin Industries |
ACETOIN POWDER NATURAL
|
O'Laughlin Industries |
ACETOIN POWDER
|
O'Laughlin Industries |
ACETOIN SYNTHETIC FCC
|
OQEMA |
3-Hydroxy-2-butanone(Acetoin)
|
OQEMA |
Acetoin Liquid
|
Pearlchem Corporation |
Acetoin
|
Penta International |
ACETOIN 85% IN WATER, Kosher
|
Penta International |
ACETOIN, NATURAL (CONGEALED LIQUID), Kosher
|
Penta International |
ACETOIN, NATURAL (POWDER), Kosher
|
Penta International |
ACETOIN, SYNTHETIC (CONGEALED LIQUID) FCC, Kosher
|
Penta International |
ACETOIN, SYNTHETIC POWDER FCC, Kosher
|
PerfumersWorld |
Acetoin 10% in DPG
|
PerfumersWorld |
Acetoin
Odor: sweet carmal creamy green butter dairy milk fatty buttery creamy sour fatty vanilla |
Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
Acetoin Natural
|
Phoenix Aromas & Essential Oils |
Acetoin
|
R C Treatt & Co Ltd |
Acetoin
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
Acetoin natural
|
Reincke & Fichtner |
Acetoin
|
Santa Cruz Biotechnology |
For experimental / research use only. |
Acetoin ≥97%
|
Sigma-Aldrich |
Acetoin, ≥96%, FCC, FG
Odor: butter; creamy |
Certified Food Grade Products |
Sigma-Aldrich |
Acetoin, natural, ≥95%, FG
Odor: butter; creamy |
Soda Aromatic |
Acetoin
|
SRS Aromatics |
ACETOIN
Odor: Sweet, Buttery, Creamy, Dairy, Milky, Fatty |
Sunaux International |
Acetoin
|
Sunaux International |
nat.ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL
|
Taytonn |
Acetoin
Odor: Buttery, Caramellic/ Caramel, Creamy, Dairy Products |
Taytonn |
Natural Acetoin (AMC)
|
TCI AMERICA |
For experimental / research use only. |
Acetoin (May exist as crystalline dimer) >98.0%(GC)
|
Tengzhou Jitian Aroma Chemiclal |
Acetoin
|
Tengzhou Xiang Yuan Aroma Chemicals |
3-Hydroxy-2-Butanone(Acetoin)
|
Ungerer & Company |
Acetoin
|
Vigon International |
Acetoin (Acetyl Methyl Carbinol - 18 kg Open Head Plastic Pail)
|
Vigon International |
Acetoin (Acetyl Methyl Carbinol - 25 kg Steel Container)
|
Vigon International |
Acetoin (Acetyl Methyl Carbinol) Plastic Closed Head Pails
|
Vigon International |
Acetoin (Acetyl Methyl Carbinol) Plastic Closed Head Pails
Odor: Pleasant, buttery-oily, creamy-fatty |
Vigon International |
ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL NATURAL 50% IN ETOH
|
Vigon International |
ACETYL METHYL CARBINOL NATURAL 50% IN MCT
|
WholeChem |
Acetoin, Natural
|
WholeChem |
Acetoin
|
Wujiang CIYUN Flavor & Fragrance |
Acetoin ≥ 98.0%, Natural
|
Wujiang CIYUN Flavor & Fragrance |
Acetoin dimer ≥98.0%
|
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View |
European information : |
Most important hazard(s): | Xi - Irritant |
R 10 - Flammable. R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
|
Hazards identification |
|
Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
Skin irritation (Category 2), H315 Eye irritation (Category 2A), H319
|
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
|
Pictogram |   |
|
Signal word | Warning |
Hazard statement(s) |
H228 - Flammable solid H315 - Causes skin irritation H319 - Causes serious eye irritation
|
Precautionary statement(s) |
P210 - Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. — No smoking. P240 - Ground/bond container and receiving equipment. P241 - Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/…/equipment. P264 - Wash skin thouroughly after handling. P280 - Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection. P302 + P352 - IF ON SKIN: wash with plenty of soap and water. P305 + P351 + P338 - IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. P332 + P313 - IF SKIN irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention. P337 + P313 - IF eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. P362 - Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. P370 + P378 - In case of fire: Use dry sand, dry chemical or alcohol-resistant foam for extinction.
|
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg (Moreno, 1977d)
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 509, 1979.
|
Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 17, Pg. 509, 1979.
|
Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
Recommendation for acetoin usage levels up to: | | 0.0300 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
|
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 2300.00 (μg/capita/day) |
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
publication number: 3 |
| average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
baked goods: | - | 32.00000 |
beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 7.40000 |
beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
breakfast cereal: | - | - |
cheese: | - | - |
chewing gum: | - | - |
condiments / relishes: | - | - |
confectionery froastings: | - | - |
egg products: | - | - |
fats / oils: | 0.80000 | 50.00000 |
fish products: | - | - |
frozen dairy: | - | 3.30000 |
fruit ices: | - | 3.30000 |
gelatins / puddings: | 0.60000 | 21.00000 |
granulated sugar: | - | - |
gravies: | - | - |
hard candy: | - | 18.00000 |
imitation dairy: | - | - |
instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
jams / jellies: | - | - |
meat products: | - | - |
milk products: | - | 7.00000 |
nut products: | - | - |
other grains: | - | - |
poultry: | - | - |
processed fruits: | - | - |
processed vegetables: | - | - |
reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
snack foods: | - | - |
soft candy: | - | - |
soups: | - | - |
sugar substitutes: | - | - |
sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(efsa):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...
|
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
|
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 11 (FGE.11): Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) View page or View pdf
|
Flavouring Group Evaluation 11, Revision 1 (FGE.11Rev1) - Aliphatic dialcohols, diketones, and hydroxyketones from chemical group 10 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) View page or View pdf
|
Safety and efficacy of secondary aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohols, ketones, ketals and esters with a second secondary or tertiary oxygenated functional group belonging to chemical group 10 when used as flavourings for all animal species View page or View pdf
|
EPI System: View |
NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank:Search |
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
Cancer Citations:Search |
Toxicology Citations:Search |
Env. Mutagen Info. Center:Search |
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):513-86-0 |
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :179 |
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
WISER:UN 2621 |
WGK Germany:1 |
3-hydroxybutan-2-one |
Chemidplus:0000513860 |
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials |
RTECS:EL8790000 for cas# 513-86-0 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor |
No odor group found for these |
butter starter distillates FL/FR |
acidic |
acidic |
iso butyric acid FL/FR |
2- methyl butyric acid FL/FR |
aldehydic |
acetyl nonyryl FL/FR |
animal |
costus valerolactone FR |
anisic |
para- anisaldehyde FL/FR |
balsamic |
2- acetyl furan FL/FR |
siam benzoin resinoid FL/FR |
benzyl cinnamate FL/FR |
cinnamyl benzoate FL/FR |
ethyl cinnamate FL/FR |
methyl (E)-cinnamate FL/FR |
3- phenyl propyl alcohol FL/FR |
berry |
raspberry ketone FL/FR |
bready |
coffee furanone FL/FR |
buttery |
acetoin dimer FL/FR |
acetoin propylene glycol acetal FL/FR |
acetyl butyryl FL/FR |
acetyl isobutyryl FL/FR |
acetyl propionyl FL/FR |
apple butter fragrance FR |
butter fragrance FR |
butter oil CO2 extract FL/FR |
butyl butyryl lactate FL/FR |
iso butyl lactate FL/FR |
butyl octanoate FL/FR |
2,3- heptane dione FL/FR |
3,4- hexane dione FL/FR |
caramellic |
cyclotene FL/FR |
alpha,alpha- dimethyl anisyl acetone FL/FR |
ethyl maltol FL/FR |
levulinic acid FL/FR |
maltol FL/FR |
strawberry furanone FL/FR |
cheesy |
butyric acid FL/FR |
2- methyl hexanoic acid FL/FR |
2- methyl valeric acid FL/FR |
iso valeric acid FL/FR |
chocolate |
iso amyl phenyl acetate FL/FR |
chocolate pyrazine A FL/FR |
citrus |
bergamot oil bergaptene reduced italy FL/FR |
blood orange oil italy FL/FR |
sweet orange peel oil c.p. brazil FL/FR |
cocoa |
cocoa butter fragrance FR |
coconut |
coconut decanone methyl FR |
delta- decalactone FL/FR |
gamma- heptalactone FL/FR |
delta- nonalactone FL/FR |
(R)-gamma- nonalactone FL/FR |
gamma- nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) FL/FR |
gamma- octalactone FL/FR |
delta- undecalactone FL/FR |
coumarinic |
epsilon- decalactone FL/FR |
creamy |
2,3- butane diol FR |
butyl lactate FL/FR |
cyclotene propionate FL/FR |
(Z)-gamma- jasmolactone FR |
delta- tridecalactone FL/FR |
para- vanillic acid FL/FR |
waxy lactone FL/FR |
earthy |
3- octanol FL/FR |
ethereal |
iso valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal FL/FR |
fatty |
butter esters FL/FR |
butyl undecylenate FL/FR |
(Z)- dairy lactone FL/FR |
7- decen-4-olide FL/FR |
(Z)- ethyl oleate FL/FR |
delta- juniper lactone FL/FR |
4- methyl octanoic acid FL/FR |
fermented |
butyl laevo-lactate FL/FR |
floral |
acetophenone FL/FR |
para- anisyl butyrate FL/FR |
benzyl acetate FL/FR |
benzyl lactate FL/FR |
bois de rose oil brazil FL/FR |
coriander seed oil FL/FR |
cyclamen aldehyde FL/FR |
dimethyl anthranilate FL/FR |
(±)-4- ethyl octanal FL/FR |
floral pyranol FR |
geraniol FL/FR |
geranyl acetate FL/FR |
heliotropin FL/FR |
heliotropyl acetone FL/FR |
(Z)-3- hexen-1-yl salicylate FL/FR |
hexenyl cyclopentanone FR |
hydroxycitronellal FL/FR |
jasmin pyranone FL/FR |
leerall FR |
laevo- linalool FL/FR |
linalool FL/FR |
linalool oxide FL/FR |
linalyl butyrate FL/FR |
para- methyl acetophenone FL/FR |
methyl dihydrojasmonate FL/FR |
nerol FL/FR |
ocean propanal FL/FR |
phenethyl acetate FL/FR |
phenethyl isobutyrate FL/FR |
rose butanoate FL/FR |
tetrahydrolinalool FL/FR |
fruity |
acetoin acetate FL/FR |
1- acetoxyacetone FL/FR |
amyl isobutyrate FL/FR |
benzyl propionate FL/FR |
(S)-delta- decalactone FL/FR |
gamma- decalactone FL/FR |
ethyl lactate FL/FR |
2- methyl butyl butyrate FL/FR |
2- nonanone FL/FR |
sorbyl butyrate FL/FR |
strawberry furanone butyrate FL/FR |
green |
(Z)-4- heptenal FL/FR |
(Z)-4- heptenal diethyl acetal FL/FR |
(Z)-3- hexen-1-yl benzoate FL/FR |
(Z)-3- hexen-1-yl butyrate FL/FR |
hexyl 2-methyl butyrate FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- nonadienal FL/FR |
2- octen-1-ol FL/FR |
(E)-2- octen-1-ol FL/FR |
hay |
beeswax absolute FL/FR |
herbal |
linalyl acetate FL/FR |
marine |
marine pyridine FR |
melon |
(Z)-6- nonenal FL/FR |
watermelon ketone FR |
mushroom |
1- octen-3-yl butyrate FL/FR |
nutty |
filbert heptenone FL/FR |
(-)-(E,R)- filbertone FL/FR |
2,6- lutidine FL/FR |
oily |
butter acids FL/FR |
plastic |
1- phenyl-1,2-propane dione FL/FR |
soapy |
ethyl undecanoate FL/FR |
spicy |
allspice oil FL/FR |
cassia bark oil china FL/FR |
clove bud oil FL/FR |
alpha- methyl cinnamaldehyde FL/FR |
terpenic |
alpha- terpineol FL/FR |
tonka |
gamma- hexalactone FL/FR |
octahydrocoumarin FL/FR |
tonka bean absolute FR |
tropical |
delta- dodecalactone FL/FR |
glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate FL/FR |
glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate FL/FR |
3- nonen-4-olide FL/FR |
vanilla |
ethyl vanillin FL/FR |
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) FL/FR |
vanillin propylene glycol acetal FL/FR |
vanillyl acetate FL/FR |
waxy |
butyl laurate FL/FR |
5(6)- decenoic acid FL/FR |
ethyl laurate FL/FR |
ethyl octanoate FL/FR |
nonanoic acid FL/FR |
(E)-2- octen-1-yl butyrate FL/FR |
delta- tetradecalactone FL/FR |
woody |
amber carbinol FR |
santall FR |
(Z)- woody amylene FR |
For Flavor |
No flavor group found for these |
1- acetoxyacetone FL/FR |
amyl isobutyrate FL/FR |
benzyl lactate FL/FR |
butter nut rum flavor FL |
butyl octanoate FL/FR |
chocolate pyrazine A FL/FR |
cinnamyl benzoate FL/FR |
cyclotene propionate FL/FR |
(S)-delta- decalactone FL/FR |
7- decen-4-olide FL/FR |
6- decenoic acid FL |
alpha,alpha- dimethyl anisyl acetone FL/FR |
ethyl butyryl lactate FL |
(±)-4- ethyl octanal FL/FR |
heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetal FL |
methyl (E)-cinnamate FL/FR |
S- methyl 4-methyl pentane thioate FL |
3-( methyl thio) hexanal FL |
S- methyl thiopropionate FL |
(R)-gamma- nonalactone FL/FR |
3- nonen-4-olide FL/FR |
4,5- octane dione FL |
(E)-2- octen-1-yl butyrate FL/FR |
acidic |
acidic |
iso butyric acid FL/FR |
levulinic acid FL/FR |
aldehydic |
acetyl nonyryl FL/FR |
anisic |
para- anisyl butyrate FL/FR |
balsamic |
siam benzoin resinoid FL/FR |
ethyl cinnamate FL/FR |
berry |
heliotropyl acetone FL/FR |
raspberry ketone FL/FR |
bitter |
glyceryl tributyrate FL |
brown |
beeswax absolute FL/FR |
buttery |
acetoin propylene glycol acetal FL/FR |
bovolide FL |
butter cream frosting flavor FL |
butter enhancers FL |
sweet butter flavor FL |
creamy butter flavor FL |
butter flavor FL |
butter maple flavor FL |
butter nut vanilla flavor FL |
butter oil CO2 extract FL/FR |
butter pecan flavor FL |
butter praline flavor FL |
butter starter distillates FL/FR |
butter toffee flavor FL |
butter vanilla nut flavor FL |
iso butyl lactate FL/FR |
butyl laevo-lactate FL/FR |
butyroin FL |
diacetyl FL |
ghee flavor FL |
2,3- heptane dione FL/FR |
3,4- hexane dione FL/FR |
2- methyl valeric acid FL/FR |
(E)-2- pentenoic acid FL |
caramellic |
butter rum toffee flavor FL |
caramel furanone FL |
creme brulee flavor FL |
cyclotene FL/FR |
ethyl maltol FL/FR |
maltol FL/FR |
3- methyl butyl 2-furyl butyrate FL |
1- phenyl-1,2-propane dione FL/FR |
pyruvaldehyde FL |
strawberry furanone FL/FR |
cheesy |
2- nonanone FL/FR |
iso valeric acid FL/FR |
cherry |
heliotropin FL/FR |
chocolate |
chocolate butter cream flavor FL |
citrus |
bergamot oil bergaptene reduced italy FL/FR |
butter lemon orange flavor FL |
laevo- linalool FL/FR |
linalool FL/FR |
nerol FL/FR |
blood orange oil italy FL/FR |
sweet orange peel oil c.p. brazil FL/FR |
alpha- terpineol FL/FR |
coconut |
delta- decalactone FL/FR |
gamma- nonalactone (aldehyde C-18 (so-called)) FL/FR |
octahydrocoumarin FL/FR |
creamy |
acetoin butyrate FL |
acetyl butyryl FL/FR |
acetyl ethyl carbinol FL |
acetyl isobutyryl FL/FR |
para- anisaldehyde FL/FR |
butter esters FL/FR |
butter fat enzyme modified with added butyric acid FL |
butyl butyryl lactate FL/FR |
custard flavor FL |
5(6)- decenoic acid FL/FR |
5,5- dibutyl dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one FL |
divanillin FL |
delta- dodecalactone FL/FR |
glyceryl 5-hydroxydecanoate FL/FR |
glyceryl 5-hydroxydodecanoate FL/FR |
gamma- hexalactone FL/FR |
jasmin pyranone FL/FR |
para- methyl acetophenone FL/FR |
delta- nonalactone FL/FR |
delta- tridecalactone FL/FR |
delta- undecalactone FL/FR |
para- vanillic acid FL/FR |
waxy lactone FL/FR |
dairy |
acetoin dimer FL/FR |
butyl lactate FL/FR |
fatty |
butter acids FL/FR |
(Z)- dairy lactone FL/FR |
diacetyl trimer FL |
(Z)- ethyl oleate FL/FR |
(Z)-3- hexen-1-yl benzoate FL/FR |
delta- juniper lactone FL/FR |
4- methyl octanoic acid FL/FR |
nonanoic acid FL/FR |
2- octen-1-ol FL/FR |
(E)-2- octen-1-ol FL/FR |
2,4- undecadienal FL |
(E,E)-2,4- undecadienal FL |
fermented |
methyl thio isovalerate FL |
floral |
iso amyl phenyl acetate FL/FR |
bois de rose oil brazil FL/FR |
geraniol FL/FR |
linalyl acetate FL/FR |
linalyl butyrate FL/FR |
methyl dihydrojasmonate FL/FR |
ocean propanal FL/FR |
tetrahydrolinalool FL/FR |
fruity |
acetoin acetate FL/FR |
acetyl isovaleryl FL |
benzyl acetate FL/FR |
benzyl propionate FL/FR |
blueberry cheesecake flavor FL |
gamma- decalactone FL/FR |
dimethyl anthranilate FL/FR |
ethyl lactate FL/FR |
2- methyl butyl butyrate FL/FR |
2- methyl butyric acid FL/FR |
rose butanoate FL/FR |
sorbyl butyrate FL/FR |
strawberry furanone butyrate FL/FR |
iso valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal FL/FR |
green |
cyclamen aldehyde FL/FR |
geranyl acetate FL/FR |
(Z)-4- heptenal FL/FR |
(Z)-4- heptenal diethyl acetal FL/FR |
(Z)-3- hexen-1-yl butyrate FL/FR |
(Z)-3- hexen-1-yl salicylate FL/FR |
hexyl 2-methyl butyrate FL/FR |
linalool oxide FL/FR |
(E,Z)-2,6- nonadienal FL/FR |
(Z)-6- nonenal FL/FR |
2,3- octane dione FL |
herbal |
coriander seed oil FL/FR |
5- hydroxymethyl furfural FL |
honey |
phenethyl acetate FL/FR |
phenethyl isobutyrate FL/FR |
lactonic |
gamma- heptalactone FL/FR |
gamma- octalactone FL/FR |
mushroom |
1- octen-3-yl butyrate FL/FR |
musty |
3- octanol FL/FR |
nutty |
2- acetyl furan FL/FR |
butter pecan cake flavor FL |
coffee furanone FL/FR |
filbert heptenone FL/FR |
(-)-(E,R)- filbertone FL/FR |
2,6- lutidine FL/FR |
oily |
2- methyl hexanoic acid FL/FR |
powdery |
acetophenone FL/FR |
solvent |
2- ethyl furan FL |
sour |
butyric acid FL/FR |
spicy |
allspice oil FL/FR |
benzyl cinnamate FL/FR |
spiced butter rum flavor FL |
cassia bark oil china FL/FR |
cinnamon butter pecan flavor FL |
cinnamon nut butter rum flavor FL |
clove bud oil FL/FR |
alpha- methyl cinnamaldehyde FL/FR |
3- phenyl propyl alcohol FL/FR |
sweet |
honey distillates FL |
vanilla butter nut flavor FL |
toasted |
acetyl propionyl FL/FR |
vanilla |
ethyl vanillin FL/FR |
vanilla ice cream flavor FL |
vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) FL/FR |
vanillin propylene glycol acetal FL/FR |
vanillyl acetate FL/FR |
waxy |
butyl laurate FL/FR |
butyl undecylenate FL/FR |
epsilon- decalactone FL/FR |
ethyl laurate FL/FR |
ethyl octanoate FL/FR |
ethyl undecanoate FL/FR |
hydroxycitronellal FL/FR |
delta- tetradecalactone FL/FR |
winey |
5- ethyl-2-methyl pyridine FL |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| acethoin | 2- | acetoin | | acetoin (acetyl methyl carbinol) | | acetoin (natural) | | acetoin 85% in water | | acetoin 98/100% FCC | | acetoin liquid natural | | acetoin liquid synthetic | | acetoin natural | | acetoin powder | | acetoin powder 98/100% FCC | | acetoin powder natural | | acetoin powder synthetic | | acetoin synth (3 hydroxy 2 butanone) | | acetoin, natural | | acetoin, natural (congealed liquid) | | acetoin, natural (powder) | | acetoin, synthetic (congealed liquid) FCC | | acetoin, synthetic powder FCC | | acetoin,dimer | | acetoin,dimer natural | | acetyl methyl carbinol | | acetyl methyl carbinol natural | nat. | acetyl methyl carbinol(acetoin) | | acetylmethylcarbinol | | butan-2-one, 3-hydroxy- | 2- | butanol-3-one | 2,3- | butanolone | 2- | butanone, 3-hydroxy- | | dimethyl ketol | | dimethylketol | | helio-bouquet | 3- | hydroxy-2-butanone | 2- | hydroxy-3-butanone | 2- | hydroxy-3-oxobutane | gamma- | hydroxy-beta-oxobutane | 3- | hydroxybutan-2-one | 1- | hydroxyethyl methyl ketone | | methyl acetyl carbinol |
Articles:
PubMed:Reduction of the Off-Flavor Volatile Generated by the Yogurt Starter Culture Including Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus in Soymilk. |
PubMed:Engineering Bacillus subtilis for acetoin production from glucose and xylose mixtures. |
PubMed:An efficient method using Gluconacetobacter europaeus to reduce an unfavorable flavor compound, acetoin, in rice vinegar production. |
PubMed:New insights into Lactococcus lactis diacetyl- and acetoin-producing strains isolated from diverse origins. |
PubMed:Diacetyl levels and volatile profiles of commercial starter distillates and selected dairy foods. |
PubMed:Volatile flavor compounds in yogurt: a review. |
PubMed:Two strains of nonstarter lactobacilli increased the production of flavor compounds in soft cheeses. |
PubMed:Ghanaian cocoa bean fermentation characterized by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and chemometrics. |
PubMed:Diacetyl and acetoin production from whey permeate using engineered Lactobacillus casei. |
PubMed:[Determination of major flavor components in chinese spirits using a special domestic gas chromatograph with DNP packed column]. |
PubMed:Proteolysis, volatile compounds, and sensory evaluation in Hispánico cheese manufactured with the addition of a thermophilic adjunct culture, nisin, and calcium alginate-nisin microparticles. |
PubMed:Organic acids and volatile flavor components evolved during refrigerated storage of kefir. |
PubMed:Volatile flavor components of rice cakes. |
PubMed:Comparative Assessment of Factors Involved in Acetoin Synthesis by Bacillus subtilis 168. |
PubMed:An efficient method using Gluconacetobacter europaeus to reduce an unfavorable flavor compound, acetoin, in rice vinegar production. |
PubMed:New insights into Lactococcus lactis diacetyl- and acetoin-producing strains isolated from diverse origins. |
PubMed:Diacetyl levels and volatile profiles of commercial starter distillates and selected dairy foods. |
PubMed:Complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium variabile DSM 44702 isolated from the surface of smear-ripened cheeses and insights into cheese ripening and flavor generation. |
PubMed:Ghanaian cocoa bean fermentation characterized by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and chemometrics. |
PubMed:Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry monitoring of the evolution of volatile compounds during lactic acid fermentation of milk. |
PubMed:Flying the fly: long-range flight behavior of Drosophila melanogaster to attractive odors. |
PubMed:Diacetyl and acetoin production from whey permeate using engineered Lactobacillus casei. |
PubMed:Engineering of 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase to reduce acetoin formation by glycerol-overproducing, low-alcohol Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
PubMed:Modeling and experimental studies on intermittent starch feeding and citrate addition in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of starch to flavor compounds. |
PubMed:[Determination of major flavor components in chinese spirits using a special domestic gas chromatograph with DNP packed column]. |
PubMed:Genetic organization and expression of citrate permease in lactic acid bacteria. |
PubMed:Proteolysis, volatile compounds, and sensory evaluation in Hispánico cheese manufactured with the addition of a thermophilic adjunct culture, nisin, and calcium alginate-nisin microparticles. |
PubMed:Citrate metabolism by Enterococcus faecalis FAIR-E 229. |
PubMed:Volatile flavor components of rice cakes. |
PubMed:Characterization of volatile compounds from the reaction of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and ammonium sulfide model system. |
PubMed:Genetic manipulation of the pathway for diacetyl metabolism in Lactococcus lactis. |
PubMed:Diacetyl formation by lactic bacteria. |
PubMed:Characterization of Plasmid Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Streptococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis: Evidence for Plasmid-Linked Citrate Utilization. |
PubMed:[The quantitative composition of natural and technologically changed aromas of plants. IV. Enzymic and thermal reaction products formed during the processing of tomatoes (author's transl)]. |
PubMed:Optimisation of ultrasound-assisted reverse micelles dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction by Box-Behnken design for determination of acetoin in butter followed by high performance liquid chromatography. |
PubMed:2,3-Butanediol production from cellobiose by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
PubMed:Drosophila adult and larval pheromones modulate larval food choice. |
PubMed:Enhancement of acetoin production in Candida glabrata by in silico-aided metabolic engineering. |
PubMed:Characterizing and authenticating Montilla-Moriles PDO vinegars using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technology. |
PubMed:Reduction of the off-flavor volatile generated by the yogurt starter culture including Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus in soymilk. |
PubMed:Oxidation of metabolites highlights the microbial interactions and role of Acetobacter pasteurianus during cocoa bean fermentation. |
PubMed:Engineering of carboligase activity reaction in Candida glabrata for acetoin production. |
PubMed:Characterization of plant-derived lactococci on the basis of their volatile compounds profile when grown in milk. |
PubMed:Optimization of fermentation medium for acetoin production by Bacillus subtilis SF4-3 using statistical methods. |
PubMed:2,3-butanediol production from starch by engineered Klebsiella pneumoniae G31-A. |
PubMed:NAD-dependent lactate dehydrogenase catalyses the first step in respiratory utilization of lactate by Lactococcus lactis. |
PubMed:A comparative analysis of the influence of human salivary enzymes on odorant concentration in three palm wines. |
PubMed:Indigenous yeast population from Georgian aged wines produced by traditional "Kakhetian" method. |
PubMed:Popcorn flavoring effects on reactivity of rat airways in vivo and in vitro. |
PubMed:Moderate expression of the transcriptional regulator ALsR enhances acetoin production by Bacillus subtilis. |
PubMed:Quality changes during storage of cooked and sliced meat products measured with PTR-MS and HS-GC-MS. |
PubMed:Isolation of acetoin-producing Bacillus strains from Japanese traditional food-natto. |
PubMed:A four-component synthetic attractant for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) isolated from fermented bait headspace. |
PubMed:Pectinatus sottacetonis sp. nov., isolated from a commercial pickle spoilage tank. |
PubMed:Sweet wine production by two osmotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. |
PubMed:Improved sample preparation and rapid UHPLC analysis of SO2 binding carbonyls in wine by derivatisation to 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. |
PubMed:How does Listeria monocytogenes combat acid conditions? |
PubMed:Monitoring the effect of high pressure and transglutaminase treatment of milk on the evolution of flavour compounds during lactic acid fermentation using PTR-ToF-MS. |
PubMed:Aroma profile of Garnacha Tintorera-based sweet wines by chromatographic and sensorial analyses. |
PubMed:Inoculation of Treixadura musts with autochthonous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains: fermentative performance and influence on the wine characteristics. |
PubMed:Precursor supply strategy for tetramethylpyrazine production by bacillus subtilis on solid-state fermentation of wheat bran. |
PubMed:New insights into Lactococcus lactis diacetyl- and acetoin-producing strains isolated from diverse origins. |
PubMed:Investigation of spoilage in saveloy samples inoculated with four potential spoilage bacteria. |
PubMed:Impact of perceptive interactions on red wine fruity aroma. |
PubMed:Significance of heme-based respiration in meat spoilage caused by Leuconostoc gasicomitatum. |
PubMed:Streptococcus danieliae sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from the caecum of a mouse. |
PubMed:Volatile composition of partially fermented wines elaborated from sun dried Pedro Ximénez grapes. |
PubMed:A 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Paenibacillus polymyxa ZJ-9 for mainly producing R,R-2,3-butanediol: purification, characterization and cloning. |
PubMed:Malolactic fermentation and secondary metabolite production by Oenoccocus oeni strains in low pH wines. |
PubMed:Simultaneous production of isopropanol, butanol, ethanol and 2,3-butanediol by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 engineered strains. |
PubMed:Removal of pathogenic factors from 2,3-butanediol-producing Klebsiella species by inactivating virulence-related wabG gene. |
PubMed:Metabolic engineering of Bacillus subtilis for enhanced production of acetoin. |
PubMed:Cloning, expression and characterization of meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae. |
PubMed:Aroma chemical composition of red wines from different price categories and its relationship to quality. |
PubMed:Discrimination of Chinese vinegars based on headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry of volatile compounds and multivariate analysis. |
PubMed:Transfer and subsequent growth and metabolism of Lactobacillus plantarum in orange juice medium during storage at 4 and 30°C. |
PubMed:Amino acids and volatile compounds in wines from Cabernet Sauvignon and Tempranillo varieties subjected to malolactic fermentation in barrels. |
PubMed:Diacetyl levels and volatile profiles of commercial starter distillates and selected dairy foods. |
PubMed:Complete genome sequence of Corynebacterium variabile DSM 44702 isolated from the surface of smear-ripened cheeses and insights into cheese ripening and flavor generation. |
PubMed:Identification of chemical markers for the sensory shelf-life of saveloy. |
PubMed:Monitoring of microbial metabolites and bacterial diversity in beef stored under different packaging conditions. |
PubMed:Spoilage-related activity of Carnobacterium maltaromaticum strains in air-stored and vacuum-packed meat. |
PubMed:The transcriptional response of Listeria monocytogenes during adaptation to growth on lactate and diacetate includes synergistic changes that increase fermentative acetoin production. |
PubMed:Mechanism of citrate metabolism by an oxaloacetate decarboxylase-deficient mutant of Lactococcus lactis IL1403. |
PubMed:Enterococcus populations in artisanal Manchego cheese: biodiversity, technological and safety aspects. |
PubMed:Functional milk beverage fortified with phenolic compounds extracted from olive vegetation water, and fermented with functional lactic acid bacteria. |
PubMed:Ligustrazine formation in Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar: changes during fermentation and storing process. |
PubMed:Integrated regulation of acetoin fermentation by quorum sensing and pH in Serratia plymuthica RVH1. |
PubMed:Transcriptome, proteome, and metabolite analyses of a lactate dehydrogenase-negative mutant of Enterococcus faecalis V583. |
PubMed:Identification and measurement of diacetyl substitutes in dry bakery mix production. |
PubMed:Sensorically and antimicrobially active metabolite production of Lactobacillus strains on Jerusalem artichoke juice. |
PubMed:Two strains of nonstarter lactobacilli increased the production of flavor compounds in soft cheeses. |
PubMed:Exploitation of Acha (Digitaria exiliis) and Iburu (Digitaria iburua) flours: chemical characterization and their use for sourdough fermentation. |
PubMed:Ghanaian cocoa bean fermentation characterized by spectroscopic and chromatographic methods and chemometrics. |
PubMed:Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry monitoring of the evolution of volatile compounds during lactic acid fermentation of milk. |
PubMed:Effect of pH, aeration and feeding non-sterilized agave juice in a continuous agave juice fermentation. |
PubMed:Production of tetramethylpyrazine by batch culture of Bacillus subtilis with optimal pH control strategy. |
PubMed:Influence of indigenous yeasts on the fermentation and volatile profile of plum brandies. |
PubMed:Construction and characterization of three lactate dehydrogenase-negative Enterococcus faecalis V583 mutants. |
PubMed:Engineering of 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase to reduce acetoin formation by glycerol-overproducing, low-alcohol Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
PubMed:Microbial, sensory and volatile changes during the anaerobic cold storage of morcilla de Burgos previously inoculated with Weissella viridescens and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. |
PubMed:Analysis of volatile compounds produced by 2 strains of Lactococcus lactis isolated from leben (Tunisian fermented milk) using solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography. |
PubMed:A cross-sectional study of lung function and respiratory symptoms among chemical workers producing diacetyl for food flavourings. |
PubMed:Asthma arising in flavoring-exposed food production workers. |
PubMed:Emissions from cooking microwave popcorn. |
PubMed:Methylglyoxal and other carbohydrate metabolites induce lanthanum-sensitive Ca2+ transients and inhibit growth in E. coli. |
PubMed:Mutation of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase gene of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis impairs the growth during citrate metabolism. |
PubMed:Formation of diacetyl and acetoin by Lactococcus lactis via aspartate catabolism. |
PubMed:Citrate metabolism by Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus durans isolated from goat's and ewe's milk: influence of glucose and lactose. |
PubMed:Bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in chemical workers producing diacetyl for food flavorings. |
PubMed:Structure-reactivity relationships of flavan-3-ols on product generation in aqueous glucose/glycine model systems. |
PubMed:Analysis of volatile compounds as spoilage indicators in fresh king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) during storage using SPME-GC-MS. |
PubMed:Lactobacillus casei metabolic potential to utilize citrate as an energy source in ripening cheese: a bioinformatics approach. |
PubMed:Characterisation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented milk "laban". |
PubMed:[Determination of major flavor components in chinese spirits using a special domestic gas chromatograph with DNP packed column]. |
PubMed:Method for the simultaneous assay of diacetyl and acetoin in the presence of alpha-acetolactate: application in determining the kinetic parameters for the decomposition of alpha-acetolactate. |
PubMed:The effect of raw milk microbial flora on the sensory characteristics of Salers-type cheeses. |
PubMed:Characterization of respiratory exposures at a microwave popcorn plant with cases of bronchiolitis obliterans. |
PubMed:Gas chromatographic quantification of major volatile compounds and polyols in wine by direct injection. |
PubMed:The 'buttery' attribute of wine--diacetyl--desirability, spoilage and beyond. |
PubMed:Genetic organization and expression of citrate permease in lactic acid bacteria. |
PubMed:Purification of antilisterial bacteriocins. |
PubMed:Growth and metabolism of selected strains of probiotic bacteria, in maize porridge with added malted barley. |
PubMed:Method development for the determination of diacetyl and acetoin at a microwave popcorn plant. |
PubMed:Gluconic acid consumption in wines by Schizosaccharomyces pombe and its effect on the concentrations of major volatile compounds and polyols. |
PubMed:Changes in gluconic acid, polyols and major volatile compounds in sherry wine during aging with submerged flor yeast cultures. |
PubMed:Diacetyl of lactic acid bacteria from milk and fermented foods in Thailand. |
PubMed:Proteolysis, volatile compounds, and sensory evaluation in Hispánico cheese manufactured with the addition of a thermophilic adjunct culture, nisin, and calcium alginate-nisin microparticles. |
PubMed:Growth and metabolism of selected strains of probiotic bacteria in milk. |
PubMed:The species-specific ratios of 2,3-butanediol and acetoin isomers as a tool to evaluate wine yeast performance. |
PubMed:IS981-mediated adaptive evolution recovers lactate production by ldhB transcription activation in a lactate dehydrogenase-deficient strain of Lactococcus lactis. |
PubMed:Growth and energy generation by Enterococcus faecium FAIR-E 198 during citrate metabolism. |
PubMed:Evolution of volatile byproducts during wine fermentations using immobilized cells on grape skins. |
PubMed:Microbiological and fermentation characteristics of togwa, a Tanzanian fermented food. |
PubMed:Volatile chemicals identified in extracts from newly hybrid citrus, dekopon (Shiranuhi mandarin Suppl. J.). |
PubMed:Chemical and biochemical transformations during the industrial process of sherry vinegar aging. |
PubMed:Effect of Enterococcus faecium on microbiological, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of Greek Feta cheese. |
PubMed:Growth and aroma production by Staphylococcus xylosus, S. carnosus and S. equorum--a comparative study in model systems. |
PubMed:Metabolic engineering of lactic acid bacteria, the combined approach: kinetic modelling, metabolic control and experimental analysis. |
PubMed:Citrate metabolism by Enterococcus faecalis FAIR-E 229. |
PubMed:Solvent desorption dynamic headspace sampling of fermented dairy product volatiles. |
PubMed:Influence of aeration on the physiological activity of flor yeasts. |
PubMed:Determination of organic acids, sugars, diacetyl, and acetoin in cheese by high-performance liquid chromatography. |
PubMed:Metabolic behavior of Lactococcus lactis MG1363 in microaerobic continuous cultivation at a low dilution rate. |
PubMed:Ecophysiological attributes of a Lactobacillus sp. and a Pseudomonas sp. on sterile beef fillets in relation to storage temperature and film permeability. |
PubMed:Characterization of the lactic acid bacteria in ewe's milk and cheese from northwest Argentina. |
PubMed:Proteolysis and formation of volatile compounds in cheese manufactured with a bacteriocin-producing adjunct culture. |
PubMed:Improved performances and control of beer fermentation using encapsulated alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase and modeling. |
PubMed:Approaches to wine aroma: release of aroma compounds from reactions between cysteine and carbonyl compounds in wine. |
PubMed:Evaluation of solid-phase microextraction for the isotopic analysis of volatile compounds produced during fermentation by lactic acid bacteria. |
PubMed:Organic acids and volatile flavor components evolved during refrigerated storage of kefir. |
PubMed:Cloning, DNA sequence analysis, and deletion of a gene encoding diacetyl-acetoin reductase from Lactococcus lactis. |
PubMed:Characterization of volatile compounds from the reaction of 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and ammonium sulfide model system. |
PubMed:Pyruvate flux distribution in NADH-oxidase-overproducing Lactococcus lactis strain as a function of culture conditions. |
PubMed:Effects of the addition of Enterococcus faecalis in Cebreiro cheese manufacture. |
PubMed:Cofactor engineering: a novel approach to metabolic engineering in Lactococcus lactis by controlled expression of NADH oxidase. |
PubMed:Production of fermented milk using a malty compound-producing strain of Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diacetylactis, isolated from Zimbabwean naturally fermented milk. |
PubMed:Main microbial flora present as natural starters in Cebreiro raw cow's-milk cheese (northwest Spain). |
PubMed:Diacetyl formation by lactic bacteria. |
PubMed:Behaviour of Yersinia enterocolitica and Aeromonas hydrophila in skim milk during fermentation by various lactobacilli. |
PubMed:Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of Listeria monocytogenes in defined glucose medium. |
PubMed:Growth and Energy Generation by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar diacetylactis during Citrate Metabolism. |
PubMed:Analysis of sensory and physicochemical data on commercial tomato purée with pattern recognition techniques. |
PubMed:Microbiological and aromatic characteristics of fermented maize doughs for kenkey production in Ghana. |
PubMed:Acetoin production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae wine yeasts. |
PubMed:Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetoin Helps To Maintain pH Homeostasis in Lactobacillus plantarum. |
PubMed:Purification, characterization and some properties of diacetyl(acetoin) reductase from Enterobacter aerogenes. |
PubMed:Enzyme Activities Affecting End Product Distribution by Lactobacillus plantarum in Response to Changes in pH and O(2). |
PubMed:Microencapsulated enzyme systems for the acceleration of cheese ripening. |
PubMed:Volatile compounds associated with microbial growth on normal and high pH beef stored at chill temperatures. |
PubMed:Enterotoxigenicity of Staphylococcus intermedius of canine origin. |
PubMed:High-Efficiency Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetoin by Lactobacillus plantarum during pH-Controlled and Fed-Batch Fermentations. |
PubMed:Desmutagenic effect of alpha-dicarbonyl and alpha-hydroxycarbonyl compounds against mutagenic heterocyclic amines. |
PubMed:Time course of volatile compound formation during refrigerated storage of naturally contaminated beef in air. |
PubMed:[Enterotoxigenicity and biochemical features of strains of Staphylococcus aureus of different origins ]. |
PubMed:Growth and end-product formation in fermenter cultures of Brochothrix thermosphacta ATCC 11509T and two psychrotrophic Lactobacillus spp. in different gaseous atmospheres. |
PubMed:Glycerol utilization by Brochothrix thermosphacta. |
PubMed:Growth and end product formation of two psychrotrophic Lactobacillus spp. and Brochothrix thermosphacta ATCC 11509T at different pH values and temperatures. |
PubMed:[Effect of thiamine on the activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in rat liver following stimulation of lipogenesis]. |
PubMed:End Products of Glucose Fermentation by Brochothrix thermosphacta. |
PubMed:Microbial production of 2,3-butylene glycol from cheese whey. |
PubMed:Volatile Compounds Associated with Spoilage of Vacuum-Packaged Sliced Luncheon Meat by Brochothrix thermosphacta. |
PubMed:Identification of pathogenic staphylococci isolated from animals and foods derived from animals. |
PubMed:Aerobic metabolism of Brochothrix thermosphacta growing on meat surfaces and in laboratory media. |
PubMed:Characters of Lactobacillus coryniformis, isolated from an Iraqi cheese. |
PubMed:Degradation of organic acids by dairy lactic acid bacteria. |
PubMed:[The quantitative composition of natural and technologically changed aromas of plants. II. Aroma compounds in oranges and their changes during juice processing (author's transl)]. |
PubMed:Development and use of single "polytropic" diagnostic tubes for the approximate taxonomic grouping of bacteria isolated from foods, water and medicinal preparations. |
PubMed:Enzymatic determination of butane-2,3-diol in wines. |
PubMed:Deoxyribonucleic acid base composition and biochemical properties of certain coagulase-negative enterotoxigenic cocci. |
PubMed:Microfermentation series for identification of single colonies of Enterobacteriaceae. |
PubMed:Short-term toxicity of acetoin (acetylmethylcarbinol) in rats. |
PubMed:Diacetyl and acetoin production by Lactobacillus casei. |
PubMed:[Influence of the type of the raw product and the storage conditions on the diacetyl level (diacetyl and acetoin) in tomato juice]. |
PubMed:Enumeration of Bacillus cereus in foods. |
PubMed:Bacterial production of diacetyl and acetoin in wine. |
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a product of fermentation. it is a component of the butanediol cycle in microorganisms. in mammals it is oxidized to carbon dioxide. Constit. of beer, wine, fresh or cooked apple, fresh or cooked leak, corn, honey, cocoa, butter, cheeses, roasted coffee and other foodstuffs. Flavouring ingredient. [DFC]
Acetoin is a colorless or pale yellow to green yellow liquid with a pleasant, buttery odor. Acetoin is used as an external energy store by a number of fermentive bacteria. Acetoin, along with diacetyl, is one of the compounds giving butter its characteristic flavor. Acetoin is used as a food flavoring (in baked goods) and a fragrance. It can be found in apples, butter, yogurt, asparagus, black currants, blackberry, wheat, broccoli, brussels sprouts, cantaloupe. [Wikipedia]
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