gamma-butyrolactone
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IUPAC name :oxolan-2-one
InChI :InChI=1/C4H6O2/c5-4-2-1-3-6-4/h1-3H2
InChIKey :YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYAC
SMILES :C1CC(=O)OC1
cas number :96-48-0
(EINECS) number :202-509-5
beilstein number :0105248
fema number :3291
coe number :615
jecfa number :219
fl. number :10.006
molar refractivity :20.18 ± 0.3 cm3
parachor :186.0 ± 4.0 cm3
index of refraction :1.442 ± 0.02
surface tension :35.4 ± 3.0 dyne/cm
density :1.128 ± 0.06 g/cm3
polarizability :8.00 ± 0.5 10-24cm3
XlogP : 0.20
XlogP3 : -0.60
molecular weight : 86.0892400 (IUPAC)
formula :C4 H6 O2
BioActivity Analysis :70860
NMR Predictor :Predict
 
 
export tariff code :2932.29.6000
fda reg :unspecified

Suppliers :
Inoue :gamma-BUTYROLACTONE
Nanjing :gamma-Butyrolactone
Penta :gamma-butyrolactone
Sigma-Aldrich-SAFC :gamma-Butyrolactone
≥98%, FCC, Kosher
Odor:  caramel

organoleptics :
odor type :creamy
odor strength :medium
odor description :
at 100.00 %.  
creamy oily fatty caramel

properties :
appearence :colorless to pale yellow clear liquid
assay : 98.00 to 100.00 %   
Food Chemicals Codex Listed :Yes
specific gravity :1.12000 to 1.13000 @ 25.00 °C.
pounds per gallon - calc. : 9.320 to 9.403
refractive index :1.43400 to 1.45400 @ 25.00 °C.
melting point : -45.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
boiling point : 204.00 to 205.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
vapor pressure :0.45000 mm/Hg @ 25.00 °C.
vapor density :3.00 ( Air = 1 )
flash point : 209.00  °F.  TCC  ( 98.33 °C. )
logP (o/w) : -0.64

safety :
most important hazard(s) :Xn - Harmful.
  R 22 - Harmful if swallowed.
R 36 - Irritating to eyes.
R 41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 36/39 - Wear suitable clothing and eye/face protection.
Oral Toxicity(LD50) :
  Oral-Rat    1540.00  mg/kg
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 31(1), Pg. 49, 1987.

Gavage-Mouse    1245.00  mg/kg
(Schafer & Bowles, 1985)

Intraperitoneal-Rat    1000.00  mg/kg
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965.

Oral-Mouse    1460.00  mg/kg
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 64(2), Pg. 3, 1999.

Intraperitoneal-Mouse    1100.00  mg/kg
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis. Vol. 13, Pg. 70, 1965.

Dermal Toxicity(LD50) :
  Skin-Guineapig  >5000.00  mg/kg
GAF Material Safety Data Sheet.

Inhalation Toxicity(LC50) :
  Inhalation-Rat  >5100.00  mg/m3/4H
  National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0534527

 

safety in use :
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU) :110.00 (μg/capita/day)
 
recommendation for gamma-butyrolactone usage levels up to :
 not for fragrance use.
recommendation for gamma-butyrolactone usage levels up to :
  75.0000 ppm in the flavor.

safety references :
European Food Safety Athority(efsa) :Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...
EPI System :view
IUCLID :view
NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards :search
NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank :search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System :Search
AIDS Citations :Search
Cancer Citations :Search
Toxicology Citations :Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database :Search
EPA GENetic TOXicology :Search
Env. Mutagen Info. Center :Search
NLM Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity :Search
National Toxicology Program :Search
Canada Domestic Sub. List :Yes
EPA Chem. Sub. Inventory : Yes
 
WGK Germany :1
 
 
 
 oxolan-2-one
(EINECS) number :202-509-5
RTECS :96-48-0
chemidplus :000096480
EPA/NOAA CAMEO :hazardous materials
EPA Substance Registry Services :96-48-0
dtp/nci :4592

references :
 oxolan-2-one
fl. number :10.006
jecfa number :219
NIST Chemistry WebBook :2616688338
pubchem :150354

Cosmetics :
Cosmetic uses : masking agents
solvents

other :
CosIng :cosmetic data
VCF-Online: VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
FDA Everything Added to Food in the United States (EAFUS)View
Household Products : Search
synonyms :
1,2-butanolide
1,4-butanolide
4-butanolide
4-butyrolactone
 butyryl lactone
4-deoxytetronic acid
 dihydro-2(3H)-furanone
4-hydroxybutanoic acid lactone
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid cyclic ester
4-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
gamma-hydroxybutyric acid lactone
gamma-hydroxybutyrolactone
 oxolan-2-one
2-oxolanone
 tetrahydro-2-furanone

soluble in :
 alcohol
 water, 1000000 mg/L @ 25C

(odor and/or flavor) blends with :
 acetoin
 acetoin acetate
 acetyl butyryl
 acetyl isobutyryl
 acetyl isovaleryl
 acetyl nonyryl
 acetyl propionyl
 allyl cyclohexyl hexanoate
 allyl methyl trisulfide
 allyl nonanoate
6-amyl-alpha-pyrone
 benzyl octanoate
 benzylidene acetone
isobutyl benzyl carbinol
 butyl butyryl lactate
 butyl lactate
 butyl laevo-lactate
2-butyl thiophene
isobutyl undecylenate
 butyric acid
2-oxobutyric acid
 coconut absolute
 coconut decanone
 creamy lactone
 dairy lactone
delta-decalactone
gamma-decalactone
6-decenoic acid
9-decenoic acid
 decyl propionate
 diacetyl
1,2-dimethoxybenzene
delta-2-dodecenolactone
 ethyl palmitate
 ethyl undecylenate
 ethyl vanillin
 ethyl vanillin isobutyrate
 ethyl vanillin propylene glycol acetal
 farnesyl acetone
 heptanal 2,3-butane diol acetal
3-heptanone
(Z)-4-hepten-1-al
(Z)-4-hepten-1-al diethyl acetal
(Z)-4-hepten-1-ol
(E)-2-hepten-1-yl acetate
3-heptyl dihydro-5-methyl-2(3H)-furanone
 ivy dioxolane
 massoia lactone
 methional
 methyl (Z)-5-octenoate
 methyl 2-thiofuroate
6-methyl coumarin
2-methyl heptanoic acid
 methyl laurate
4-methyl octanoic acid
dextro,laevo-3-(methyl thio) butanone
3-methyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one
3-(5-methyl-2-furyl) butanal
 mint lactone
delta-nonalactone
2-nonanol
1-nonen-3-ol
2,4-octadien-1-ol
gamma-octalactone
(Z)-3-octen-1-ol
3-octen-2-ol
 octyl 2-furoate
 octyl heptanoate
 octyl isobutyrate
 petal pyranone
 strawberry furanone acetate
delta-tetradecalactone
2-tridecanone
delta-undecalactone
gamma-undecalactone
 undecanoic acid
 valeraldehyde diethyl acetal
isovaleraldehyde diethyl acetal
 vanilla carboxylate
 vanilla oleoresin
 vanillic acid
 vanillin
 vanillyl acetate
 vanillyl alcohol
 vanillyl isobutyrate
 vanillylidene acetone

(odor and/or flavor) used in :
 butterscotch
 coconut
 mango
 peach
 solvents

natural occurrence in :
beer
coffee
data pageguava fruit headspace reunion @ 7.60%
data pagelavender oil spike spain @ 0.067%
mango
wine white wine



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