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citrus grandis peel oil
volatile oil obtained from the peel of the grapefruit, citrus grandis, rutaceae

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number:	8016-20-4
FDA UNII:	Search
Also Contains:	citrus grandis peel extract

Category:flavor and fragrance agents

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:

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PubMed:	Search
NCBI:	Search
FEMA Number:	2530 grapefruit peel oil (citrus grandis)
FDA:	No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances

Physical Properties:

Food Chemicals Codex Listed:	No
Soluble in:
	alcohol
	water, 4.581 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
	water

Organoleptic Properties:

Odor Type: citrus

Odor Description:at 100.00 %. grapefruit

Flavor Type: citrus

Taste Description: grapefruit

Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).

Cosmetic Information:

CosIng:	cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses:	fragrance perfuming agents skin conditioning

Suppliers:

None found

Safety Information:


Hazards identification

Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram

Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 723, 1974.
Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 > 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 12, Pg. 723, 1974.
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in Use Information:

Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
IFRA Critical Effect:
Phototoxicity
IFRA fragrance material specification:
	Where the bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen) content of all relevant oils present in a compound has been determined, it is recommended that for applications on areas of skin exposed to sunshine, excluding bath preparations, soaps and other products which are washed off the skin, the total level of bergapten in the consumer products should not exceed 0.0015% (15 ppm). This is equivalent to 0.0075% (75 ppm) in a fragrance compound used at 20% in the consumer product. Where the level of bergapten has not been determined by appropriate methods, the limits specified in the guidelines on individual oils should apply. In those cases, where such oils are used in combination with other phototoxic ingredients, the additive effect has to be taken into consideration and the use levels have to be reduced accordingly. The sum of the concentrations of all phototoxic fragrance ingredients, expressed in % of their recommended maximum level in the consumer product, shall not exceed 100.
contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only)
citronellol	Max. Found: <0.10 % and Reason: Sensitization
citral	Max. Found: 0.1 % and Reason: Sensitization
geraniol	Max. Found: <0.20 % and Reason: Sensitization
(E)-2-hexen-1-al	Max. Found: trace to <0.10 % and Reason: Sensitization
farnesol	Max. Found: <0.40 % and Reason: Sensitization
citronellal	Max. Found: 0.1 % and Reason: Sensitization
limits in the finished product for - "leave on the skin contact":
	4.0000 % Restriction.

Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
		average usual ppm	average maximum ppm
baked goods:		-	370.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic):		-	160.00000
beverages(alcoholic):		-	-
breakfast cereal:		-	-
cheese:		-	-
chewing gum:		-	1500.00000
condiments / relishes:		-	-
confectionery froastings:		-	-
egg products:		-	-
fats / oils:		-	-
fish products:		-	-
frozen dairy:		-	180.00000
fruit ices:		-	180.00000
gelatins / puddings:		-	250.00000
granulated sugar:		-	-
gravies:		-	-
hard candy:		-	630.00000
imitation dairy:		-	-
instant coffee / tea:		-	-
jams / jellies:		-	-
meat products:		-	-
milk products:		-	-
nut products:		-	-
other grains:		-	-
poultry:		-	-
processed fruits:		-	-
processed vegetables:		-	-
reconstituted vegetables:		-	-
seasonings / flavors:		-	-
snack foods:		-	-
soft candy:		-	-
soups:		-	-
sugar substitutes:		-	-
sweet sauces:		-	-

Safety References:

EPI System: View

ClinicalTrials.gov:search

Daily Med:search

AIDS Citations:Search

Cancer Citations:Search

Toxicology Citations:Search

EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):8016-20-4

EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data

EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data

citrus grandis peel oil

Chemidplus:0008016204

References:

	citrus grandis peel oil
Canada Domestic Sub. List:	8016-20-4
Pubchem (sid):	135277011

Other Information:

Wikipedia:	View
Wikipedia2:	View2
FAO:	BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION

Potential Blenders and core components note

For Odor

No odor group found for these

2-

ethyl-N-methyl-N-(3-methyl phenyl) butyramide
FR

aldehydic

aldehydic

tridecanal
FL/FR

anisic

ethyl para-anisate
FL/FR

citronella

4,8-

dimethyl-7-nonen-2-ol
FR

citrus

benzyl anthranilate
FR

beta-

bisabolol
FL/FR

citral dimethyl acetal
FL/FR

citrus grandis fruit extract
FL/FR

citrus grandis fruit water
FR

citrus grandis peel
FL/FR

citrus grandis peel extract
FR

citrus grandis peel powder
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel extract
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel oil bergaptene reduced
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel oil washed
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel water
FL/FR

dimethyl octenone
FR

2,4-

dimethyl-3-cyclohexene-1-methanyl acetate
FR

grapefruit carbonyls
FL/FR

grapefruit essence
FL/FR

grapefruit fragrance
FR

grapefruit indene
FR

grapefruit mercaptan
FL/FR

grapefruit nitrile
FR

grapefruit oil
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. argentina
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. california
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. florida
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. israel
FL/FR

grapefruit oil CO2 extract (citrus paradisi macf. var. falvedo)
FL/FR

grapefruit oil folded
FL/FR

grapefruit oil folded california
FL/FR

grapefruit oil folded florida
FL/FR

grapefruit oil replacer
FL/FR

grapefruit oil terpeneless
FL/FR

grapefruit oil terpenes
FL/FR

grapefruit pentanol
FR

grapefruit specialty
FR

lemon oil residues
FL/FR

5-

mercapto-5-methyl-3-hexanone
FL/FR

methyl indole-1-carboxylate
FR

1-

methyl-4-methyl ethenyl cyclohexene sulfurized
FL/FR

myrmac aldehyde
FR

(+)-

nootkatone
FL/FR

wild sweet

orange peel oil west indian
FL/FR

philodendron solimoesense specialty
FR

alpha-

terpinyl methyl ether
FL/FR

(±)-2,4,8-

trimethyl-7-nonen-2-ol
FL/FR

valencene
FL/FR

yuzu specialty
FR

ethereal

ethyl acetate
FL/FR

2-

methyl valeraldehyde
FL/FR

floral

acetyl tetralin
FR

allyl anthranilate
FL/FR

amyl anthranilate
FL/FR

bigarade oxide
FR

cassis oxime 10%
FR

beta-

damascenone
FL/FR

decyl anthranilate
FR

dimethyl anthranilate
FL/FR

2,4-

dimethyl cyclohexyl methyl acetate
FR

ethyl anthranilate
FL/FR

ethyl ortho-anisate
FL/FR

gardenia acetal
FR

gardenia amide
FR

gardenia decalone
FR

gardenia pentyl acetate
FR

linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR

magnolia indene
FR

beta-

naphthyl anthranilate
FL/FR

neryl isovalerate
FL/FR

octanal / methyl anthranilate schiff's base
FR

peony acetonitrile
FR

petitgrain grapefruit oil
FL/FR

petitgrain mandarin oil
FL/FR

petitgrain mandarin oil terpeneless
FL/FR

phenethyl anthranilate
FL/FR

4-

phenyl-3-buten-2-ol
FL/FR

fruity

acetoin acetate
FL/FR

apple crotonate
FR

butyl anthranilate
FL/FR

iso

butyl anthranilate
FL/FR

(E)-

cinnamyl propionate
FL/FR

cyclohexyl anthranilate
FL/FR

ethyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR

ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR

ethyl propionate
FL/FR

grape butyrate
FL/FR

grape essence
FL/FR

concord

grape fragrance
FR

grape fragrance
FR

grapefruit acetal
FR

3-

(Z)-3-

hexen-1-yl anthranilate
FL/FR

methyl 2-methyl valerate
FL/FR

methyl anthranilate
FL/FR

neryl propionate
FL/FR

(Z)-3-

octen-1-yl propionate
FL/FR

3-

phenyl propyl isobutyrate
FL/FR

propyl heptanoate
FL/FR

tropical trithiane
FL/FR

grape

muscadine fragrance
FR

green

green carboxylate
FR

(Z)-3-

hexen-1-yl butyrate
FL/FR

(E)-2-

hexen-1-yl isovalerate
FL/FR

(2-

methoxy-1-methyl butyl) benzene
FR

[(4E,4Z)-5-

methoxy-3-methyl-4-penten-1-yl] benzene
FR

herbal

6-

acetoxydihydrotheaspirane
FL/FR

chrysanthemum ketone
FR

3-

octyl acetate
FL/FR

alpha-

terpinyl acetate
FL/FR

minty

ethyl benzoate
FL/FR

naphthyl

beta-

naphthyl ethyl ether
FL/FR

pulpy

grapefruit isolate
FL/FR

spicy

cinnamyl propionate
FL/FR

sulfurous

ethyl 3-mercaptopropionate
FL/FR

grapefruit menthane
FL/FR

4-

methoxy-2-methyl butane thiol
FL/FR

3-

thiohexanol
FL/FR

4-

tropical oxathiane
FL/FR

waxy

ethyl decanoate
FL/FR

ethyl nonanoate
FL/FR

For Flavor

No flavor group found for these

6-

acetoxydihydrotheaspirane
FL/FR

allyl anthranilate
FL/FR

amyl anthranilate
FL/FR

(E)-

cinnamyl propionate
FL/FR

dihydronootkatone
FL

ethyl 3-mercaptopropionate
FL/FR

ethyl ortho-anisate
FL/FR

lemon oil residues
FL/FR

4-

mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanol
FL

5-

mercapto-5-methyl-3-hexanone
FL/FR

3-

mercaptooctanal
FL

anise

anise

ethyl para-anisate
FL/FR

citrus

beta-

bisabolol
FL/FR

citral dimethyl acetal
FL/FR

citrus grandis fruit extract
FL/FR

citrus grandis peel
FL/FR

citrus grandis peel powder
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel extract
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel oil bergaptene reduced
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel oil washed
FL/FR

citrus paradisi peel water
FL/FR

dehydronootkatone
FL

grapefruit carbonyls
FL/FR

grapefruit essence
FL/FR

pink

grapefruit flavor
FL

grapefruit flavor
FL

grapefruit green flavor
FL

grapefruit juice
FL

grapefruit key
FL

grapefruit mercaptan
FL/FR

grapefruit oil
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. argentina
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. california
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. florida
FL/FR

grapefruit oil c.p. israel
FL/FR

grapefruit oil CO2 extract (citrus paradisi macf. var. falvedo)
FL/FR

grapefruit oil folded
FL/FR

grapefruit oil folded california
FL/FR

grapefruit oil folded florida
FL/FR

grapefruit oil replacer
FL/FR

grapefruit oil sesquiterpeneless
FL

grapefruit oil terpeneless
FL/FR

grapefruit oil terpenes
FL/FR

lemon carbonyls
FL

3-

mercaptoheptyl acetate
FL

1-

methyl-4-methyl ethenyl cyclohexene sulfurized
FL/FR

(+)-

nootkatone
FL/FR

wild sweet

orange peel oil west indian
FL/FR

petitgrain grapefruit oil
FL/FR

petitgrain mandarin oil
FL/FR

pomelo essence oil
FL

pomelo flavor
FL

(±)-2,4,8-

trimethyl-7-nonen-2-ol
FL/FR

valencene
FL/FR

earthy

(±)-2-

mercapto-5-methylheptan-4-one
FL

ethereal

ethyl acetate
FL/FR

fatty

(E,E)-2,4-

dodecadienal
FL

floral

cinnamyl propionate
FL/FR

(Z)-3-

hexen-1-yl anthranilate
FL/FR

linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR

phenethyl anthranilate
FL/FR

fruity

acetoin acetate
FL/FR

butyl anthranilate
FL/FR

iso

butyl anthranilate
FL/FR

cyclohexyl anthranilate
FL/FR

dimethyl anthranilate
FL/FR

ethyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR

ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate
FL/FR

ethyl anthranilate
FL/FR

ethyl propionate
FL/FR

furfuryl butyrate
FL

furfuryl isovalerate
FL

grape concentrate
FL

grape enhancer
FL

grape essence
FL/FR

white

grape flavor
FL

grape flavor
FL

green

grape flavor
FL

concord

grape flavor
FL

red

grape flavor
FL

muscatine

grape flavor
FL

grape juice concentrate
FL

3-

mango papaya grapefruit flavor
FL

methyl 2-methyl valerate
FL/FR

methyl anthranilate
FL/FR

beta-

naphthyl anthranilate
FL/FR

neryl isovalerate
FL/FR

(Z)-3-

octen-1-yl propionate
FL/FR

petitgrain mandarin oil terpeneless
FL/FR

3-

phenyl propyl isobutyrate
FL/FR

4-

tropical oxathiane
FL/FR

tropical trithiane
FL/FR

green

grape butyrate
FL/FR

(Z)-3-

hexen-1-yl butyrate
FL/FR

(E)-2-

hexen-1-yl isovalerate
FL/FR

neryl propionate
FL/FR

3-

octyl acetate
FL/FR

medicinal

ethyl benzoate
FL/FR

musty

propionaldehyde
FL

powdery

beta-

naphthyl ethyl ether
FL/FR

pulpy

grapefruit isolate
FL/FR

sulfurous

grapefruit menthane
FL/FR

4-

methoxy-2-methyl butane thiol
FL/FR

3-

thiohexanol
FL/FR

tropical

anacardium occidentale fruit puree
FL

vegetable

2-

methyl valeraldehyde
FL/FR

waxy

ethyl decanoate
FL/FR

ethyl nonanoate
FL/FR

4-

phenyl-3-buten-2-ol
FL/FR

propyl heptanoate
FL/FR

tridecanal
FL/FR

woody

beta-

damascenone
FL/FR

alpha-

terpinyl acetate
FL/FR

alpha-

terpinyl methyl ether
FL/FR

Potential Uses:

None Found

Occurrence (nature, food, other):note

pomelo
Search Trop Picture

Synonyms:

	citrus maxima peel oil
	grapefruit peel oil (citrus grandis)
	pomelo peel oil
	volatile oil obtained from the peel of the grapefruit, citrus grandis, rutaceae

Articles:

PubMed:The Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Cold-Pressed and Distilled Essential Oils of Citrus paradisi and Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck.

PubMed:Flavonoid profiles of immature and mature fruit tissues of Citrus grandis Osbeck (Dangyuja) and overall contribution to the antioxidant effect.

PubMed:Extracts of pomelo peels prevent high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in c57bl/6 mice through activating the PPARα and GLUT4 pathway.

PubMed:Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of flavonoids from pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck) peel and their antioxidant activity.

PubMed:Volatile constituents of wild citrus Mangshanyegan (Citrus nobilis Lauriro) peel oil.

PubMed:Citrus grandis peel increases the bioavailability of cyclosporine and tacrolimus, two important immunosuppressants, in rats.

PubMed:Antioxidant content and free radical scavenging ability of fresh red pummelo [Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck] juice and freeze-dried products.

PubMed:Volatile constituents of redblush grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) and pummelo (Citrus grandis) peel essential oils from Kenya.

PubMed:[Screening for limonoid glucosides in Citrus grandis L. Osbeck by high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry].

Notes:

tsca definition 2008: extractives and their physically modified derivatives. citrus paradisi, citrus.

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