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fusel oil

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Flavor Demo Formulas
CAS Number: 8013-75-0
ECHA EC Number:232-395-2
FDA UNII: 2NK7O363Q6
CoE Number:576
Formula:unspecified
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
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Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
FEMA Number:2497 fusel oil
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):8013-75-0 ; FUSEL OIL, REFINED
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart F--Flavoring Agents and Related Substances
Sec. 172.515 Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants.
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 128.00 to 130.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 107.00 °F. TCC ( 41.67 °C. )
Shelf Life: 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly.
Storage:store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light.
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 ether
 water
 water, 4.158e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor Type: alcoholic
sweet alcoholic woody fruity
Odor Description:at 100.00 %. sweet alcoholic woody fruity
sweet alcoholic woody ethereal brown fruity
Odor Description:Sweet, alcoholic, woody, with an etherial brown fruity nuance
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 3, 53, (1993)
Flavor Type: fruity
fruity alcoholic sweet apple brown fermented
Taste Description: at 60.00 ppm. Fruity, alcoholic, sweet, apple with a brown fermented nuance
Mosciano, Gerard P&F 18, No. 3, 53, (1993)
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
Firmenich
FUSEL OIL CONCENTRATE Kosher for flavor
Odor Description:sweet alcoholic woody fruity
Taste Description:Brandy, fruity, wine lees
Unique Fraction Concentrated Fusel
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: perfuming agents
 
Suppliers:
Advanced Biotech
GRAIN FUSEL OIL NATURAL
Odor: Whiskey
Alfrebro
FUSEL OIL WINE - TYPE A NATURAL
Odor: Wine, Brandy, Fruity
Berjé
Wine Fusel Oil
Media
Charkit Chemical
FUSEL OILS
De Monchy Aromatics
Wine Fusel Oil
Diffusions Aromatiques
FUSEL HE CONCENTREE
Firmenich
FUSEL OIL CONCENTRATE Kosher
for flavor
Flavor: Brandy, fruity, wine lees
Unique Fraction Concentrated Fusel
Indenta Group
Fusel Oil
Inoue Perfumery
FUSEL OIL RECT
Lluch Essence
FUSEL OIL
Moellhausen
FUSEL EO
Payand Betrand
Ester 816 France, Natural Isolated Constituent
Penta International
FUSEL OIL NATURAL REDISTILLED
Penta International
FUSEL OIL REFINED NATURAL
Penta International
FUSEL OIL REFINED SYNTHETIC
Reincke & Fichtner
Wine Fusel Oil organic + NOP
Reincke & Fichtner
Wine Fusel Oil
Sigma-Aldrich
Fusel oil, natural, FG
Odor: whiskey
Certified Food Grade Products
Taytonn ASCC
Fusel Fraction 3:50
Odor: Roast, Fusel
Taytonn ASCC
Fusel Fraction 5:50
Odor: Chocolate, Fusel
Taytonn ASCC
Fusel Fraction 6:50
Odor: Chocolate, Fusel
Taytonn ASCC
Fusel Fraction 7:50
Odor: Fusel, Nutty
Vigon International
WHISKEY FUSEL OIL
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn - Harmful.
R 10 - Flammable.
R 20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed.
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 16 - Keep away from sources of ignition - No Smoking.
S 23 - Do not breath vapour.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 33 - Take precautionary measures against static discharge.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
S 51 - Use only in well-ventilated areas.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
flavor and fragrance agents
RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
Recommendation for fusel oil usage levels up to:
  0.8000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
 
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 3
Click here to view publication 3
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: -34.00000
beverages(nonalcoholic): -21.00000
beverages(alcoholic): -2.50000
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: -270.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: --
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: -4.10000
fruit ices: -4.10000
gelatins / puddings: -4.00000
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: -30.00000
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: --
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):8013-75-0
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WISER:UN 1201
WGK Germany:3
Chemidplus:0008013750
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
 
References:
Canada Domestic Sub. List:8013-75-0
Pubchem (sid):135286391
 
Other Information:
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
FooDB:FDB009459
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
For Odor
alcoholic
propyl alcohol
FL/FR
cheesy
heptanoic acid
FL/FR
chemical
iso
butyl formate
FL/FR
earthy
octyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
ethereal
acetal
FL/FR
acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
butyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl pyruvate
FL/FR
methyl acetate
FL/FR
methyl ethyl ketone
FL/FR
2-
methyl valeraldehyde
FL/FR
iso
propyl acetate
FL/FR
propyl valerate
FL/FR
iso
valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
fermented
butyl laevo-lactate
FL/FR
ethyl crotonate
FL/FR
valeraldehyde
FL/FR
floral
butyl tiglate
FR
coranol (Firmenich)
FR
dihydrolinalool
FL/FR
3,6-
dimethyl-3-octanol
FL/FR
ethyl linalool
FR
ethyl linalyl acetal
FR
ethyl linalyl acetate
FR
ethyl linalyl ether
FL/FR
ho leaf oil
FR
ho wood oil
FR
linalool
FL/FR
dextro-
linalool
FL/FR
laevo-
linalool
FL/FR
linalool oxide
FL/FR
linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR
nonan-3-yl acetate
FL/FR
tetrahydrolinalool
FL/FR
fruity
acetaldehyde diisoamyl acetal
FL/FR
amyl acetate
FL/FR
amyl formate
FL/FR
amyl heptanoate
FL/FR
benzyl methyl ether
FL/FR
iso
butyl acetate
FL/FR
butyl acetoacetate
FL/FR
iso
butyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
iso
butyl valerate
FL/FR
2-
ethyl butyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl propionate
FL/FR
geranyl acetoacetate
FL/FR
geranyl ethyl ether
FL/FR
methyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
methyl butyrate
FL/FR
methyl hexanoate
FL/FR
methyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl propionate
FL/FR
strawberry furanone butyrate
FL/FR
green
butyl lactate
FL/FR
cognac heptanone
FL/FR
(Z)-2-
penten-1-ol
FL/FR
herbal
white
cognac oil
FL/FR
hexanol
FL/FR
spicy
cubeb oil
FL/FR
waxy
butyl laurate
FL/FR
ethyl decanoate
FL/FR
For Flavor
No flavor group found for these
acetaldehyde diisoamyl acetal
FL/FR
butyl acetoacetate
FL/FR
butyl methyl ketone
FL
ethyl 2-methyl-2-(methyl thio) propionate
FL
ethyl linalyl ether
FL/FR
geranyl acetoacetate
FL/FR
geranyl ethyl ether
FL/FR
2-
heptenoic acid
FL
dextro-
linalool
FL/FR
2-
methyl butyl isobutyrate
FL
2-
methyl butyl propionate
FL
S-(
methyl thio) hexanoate
FL
nonan-3-yl acetate
FL/FR
octyl phenyl acetate
FL/FR
propyl valerate
FL/FR
alcoholic
alcoholic
propyl alcohol
FL/FR
buttery
butyl laevo-lactate
FL/FR
chemical
methyl ethyl ketone
FL/FR
citrus
cognac heptanone
FL/FR
linalool
FL/FR
laevo-
linalool
FL/FR
coffee
diisoamyl thiomalate
FL
ethereal
acetaldehyde dimethyl acetal
FL/FR
butyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl acetate
FL/FR
methyl acetate
FL/FR
methyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl acetate
FL/FR
fermented
methyl thio isovalerate
FL
floral
dihydrolinalool
FL/FR
linalyl anthranilate
FL/FR
tetrahydrolinalool
FL/FR
fruity
amyl acetate
FL/FR
amyl formate
FL/FR
amyl heptanoate
FL/FR
benzyl methyl ether
FL/FR
iso
butyl acetate
FL/FR
iso
butyl isobutyrate
FL/FR
iso
butyl valerate
FL/FR
2-
ethyl butyl acetate
FL/FR
ethyl propionate
FL/FR
furfuryl valerate
FL
methyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
2-
methyl allyl butyrate
FL
methyl hexanoate
FL/FR
iso
propyl 2-methyl butyrate
FL/FR
iso
propyl propionate
FL/FR
strawberry furanone butyrate
FL/FR
iso
valeraldehyde propylene glycol acetal
FL/FR
fusel
white
cognac oil
FL/FR
methyl butyrate
FL/FR
green
butyl lactate
FL/FR
2-
ethyl butyraldehyde
FL
hexanol
FL/FR
linalool oxide
FL/FR
4-
methyl-2-pentenal
FL
(Z)-2-
penten-1-ol
FL/FR
herbal
3,6-
dimethyl-3-octanol
FL/FR
nutty
acetal
FL/FR
pungent
acetaldehyde
FL
rummy
iso
butyl formate
FL/FR
ethyl crotonate
FL/FR
ethyl pyruvate
FL/FR
spicy
cubeb oil
FL/FR
vegetable
2-
methyl valeraldehyde
FL/FR
waxy
butyl laurate
FL/FR
ethyl decanoate
FL/FR
heptanoic acid
FL/FR
winey
valeraldehyde
FL/FR
 
Potential Uses:
FLbeverage
FLbread
FLchocolate
FLcoffee
FLgrape
FLsavory
FLwhiskey
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 beet root
Search Trop Picture
 grape
Search Trop Picture
 potato
Search Trop Picture
 
Synonyms:
isoamyl fusel oil
 ester 816 france, natural isolated constituent
 fusel EO
 fusel oil rect
 fusel oil refined natural
 fusel oil sugar beet
 fusel oil synthetic
 fusel oil whiskey concentrated
 fusel oil wine - type A
 grain fusel oil natural
 whiskey fusel oil natural
 whisky fusel oil
 

Articles:

PubMed:Distillery fusel oil as an alternative carbon source for denitrification - from laboratory experiments to full-scale applications.
PubMed:Optimisation of flavour ester biosynthesis in an aqueous system of coconut cream and fusel oil catalysed by lipase.
PubMed:Modeling external carbon addition in biological nutrient removal processes with an extension of the international water association activated sludge model.
PubMed:Quorum sensing activity in Ophiostoma ulmi: effects of fusel oils and branched chain amino acids on yeast-mycelial dimorphism.
PubMed:Distillery wastes as external carbon sources for denitrification in municipal wastewater treatment plants.
PubMed:Reduction of water consumption in bioethanol production from triticale by recycling the stillage liquid phase.
PubMed:A distillery by-product as an external carbon source for enhancing denitrification in mainstream and sidestream treatment processes.
PubMed:Selective dehydration of bio-ethanol to ethylene catalyzed by lanthanum-phosphorous-modified HZSM-5: influence of the fusel.
PubMed:Lipase of Aspergillus niger NCIM 1207: A Potential Biocatalyst for Synthesis of Isoamyl Acetate.
PubMed:Fusel alcohols regulate translation initiation by inhibiting eIF2B to reduce ternary complex in a mechanism that may involve altering the integrity and dynamics of the eIF2B body.
PubMed:Optimization of process variables for minimization of byproduct formation during fermentation of blackstrap molasses to ethanol at industrial scale.
PubMed:Liquor made quicker: alcohol as a synthetic reagent for molecules in anesthesia.
PubMed:Regulation of aromatic alcohol production in Candida albicans.
PubMed:The Ehrlich pathway for fusel alcohol production: a century of research on Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism.
PubMed:Aerobic production of isoamyl acetate by overexpression of the yeast alcohol acetyl-transferases AFT1 and AFT2 in Escherichia coli and using low-cost fermentation ingredients.
PubMed:Production and composition of cider spirits distilled in "alquitara".
PubMed:Determination of low molecular weight alcohols including fusel oil in various samples by diethyl ether extraction and capillary gas chromatography.
PubMed:Identification of chemicals, possibly originating from misuse of refillable PET bottles, responsible for consumer complaints about off-odours in water and soft drinks.
PubMed:Biodiesel production from triolein and short chain alcohols through biocatalysis.
PubMed:Bat2p is essential in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for fusel alcohol production on the non-fermentable carbon source ethanol.
PubMed:Fusel oil as precursor for aroma generation by biotransformation using lipase: scientific note.
PubMed:Effects of fusel oil on animal hangover models.
PubMed:Growth of the salt-tolerant yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii in microtiter plates: effects of NaCl, pH and temperature on growth and fusel alcohol production from branched-chain amino acids.
PubMed:[Determination of methanol and fusel oils in alcohol beverages using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography].
PubMed:A novel eIF2B-dependent mechanism of translational control in yeast as a response to fusel alcohols.
PubMed:Environmentally friendly lubricating oil candidate.
PubMed:Pyruvate decarboxylase catalyzes decarboxylation of branched-chain 2-oxo acids but is not essential for fusel alcohol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed:[Gas chromatographic analysis of alcohols, aldehydes and esters in potable spirits].
PubMed:Rapid high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of ethanol and fusel oil in the alcoholic beverage industry.
PubMed:[Gas chromatographic analysis for methanol and fusel oil in potable spirits].
PubMed:Exogenous Valine Reduces Conversion of Leucine to 3-Methyl-1-Butanol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed:Production of higher alcohols during indonesian tapé ketan fermentation.
PubMed:[Comparative analysis of the effects of alcoholic drinks of different qualities (author's transl)].
PubMed:Alcohol dehydrogenase activities of wine yeasts in relation to higher alcohol formation.
PubMed:[Gas chromatography of alcoholic beverages].
PubMed:Ethyl acetate and fusel oil determination in distilled spirits by gas-liquid chromatography and confirmation by mass spectrometry.
PubMed:[Studies on the possible mutagenic effect of fusel oil].
PubMed:[Toxicity and mutagenicity of single fusel oil components on E. coli].
PubMed:[Studies on the cancerogenic and hepatotoxic effects of fusel oil].
PubMed:Factors influencing the flavour of cider: the effect of fermentation treatments on fusel oil production.
 
Notes:
Blends well with alcohol notes. crude mixture of isoamyl, amyl, butyl, & propyl alcohols obtained in spiritous fermentations. tsca definition 2008: a combination of amyl alcohols, primarily isoamyl alcohol and 2-methyl-1-butanol. other alcohols, acids, esters and aldehydes may also be present. Used as a food additive [EAFUS]
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