|
Category: flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear oily liquid (est) |
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | Yes |
| Specific Gravity: | 0.91700 to 0.93400 @ 25.00 °C.
|
| Pounds per Gallon - (est).: | 7.630 to 7.772
|
| Refractive Index: | 1.47900 to 1.48900 @ 20.00 °C.
|
| Optical Rotation: | -48.00 to -59.00
|
| Boiling Point: | 220.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Flash Point: | 148.00 °F. TCC ( 64.44 °C. )
|
| Shelf Life: | 24.00 month(s) or longer if stored properly. |
| Storage: | store in cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers, protected from heat and light. |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | fixed oils | | | paraffin oil | | | propylene glycol | | | water, 367.1 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
| Insoluble in: |
| | water | | | glycerin |
| Stability: |
| | bath foam | | | cream | | | lotion | | | non-discoloring in most media | | | shampoo |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Type: | minty |
| Odor Strength: | medium , recommend smelling in a 10.00 % solution or less |
Odor Description: at 10.00 % in dipropylene glycol. | fresh spearmint carvone |
| Substantivity: | 36 Hour(s) |
| | |
Cosmetic Information:
Safety Information:
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xn - Harmful. |
| |
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin. R 43 - May cause sensitisation by skin contact. R 65 - Harmful: may cause lung damage if swallowed. S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children. S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. S 62 - If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label.
|
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: | | |
oral-rat LD50 5000 mg/kg Food and Cosmetics Toxicology. Vol. 16, Pg. 871, 1978.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: | | |
Not determined
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: | | |
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | flavor and fragrance agents |
| contains the following IFRA (Annex) restricted components: (non-analysis max. level reference only) |
| 1-octen-3-yl acetate | Max. Found: <0.20 % and Reason: Sensitization |
| (E)-2-hexen-1-al | Max. Found: trace to <0.10 % and Reason: Sensitization |
| carvone | Max. Found: <70.00 % and Reason: Sensitization |
| Recommendation for spearmint oil america usage levels up to: | | | 8.0000 % in the fragrance concentrate.
|
| |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3. Update in publication number(s): 26 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | 1055.00000 | 1320.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | 110.00000 | 140.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | 120.00000 | 155.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | 8000.00000 | 24000.00000 |
| condiments / relishes: | 50.00000 | 250.00000 |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | 50.00000 | 130.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | 90.00000 | 95.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | 5000.00000 | 10000.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | 72.00000 | 1900.00000 |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | 66670.00000 | 66670.00000 |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | 5000.00000 | 10000.00000 |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | 40.00000 | 90.00000 |
Safety References:
| European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s): |
Conclusion on the peer review of the pesticide risk assessment of the active substance plant oils/spearmint oil View page or View pdf |
Scientific Opinion on the safety assessment of carvone, considering all sources of exposure View page or View pdf |
| EPI System: | View |
| NLM Hazardous Substances Data Bank: | Search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System: | Search |
| Env. Mutagen Info. Center: | Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA): | 8008-79-5 |
| EPA ACToR: | Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS): | Registry |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: | Data |
| WISER: | UN 2319 |
| WGK Germany: | 2 |
| | mentha spicata l. herb oil |
| Chemidplus: | 0008008795 |
| RTECS: | WG7360000 for cas# 8008-79-5 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
| |
| For Odor |
| anise |
| anise |
| | anise seed oil colombia | FL/FR |
| sweet | fennel seed oil | FL/FR |
| anisic |
| | ocimum basilicum herb oil | FL/FR |
| | ocimum basilicum leaf oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| | ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| | nonyl benzoate | |
| 2- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| berry |
| | raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| camphoreous |
| | melaleuca viridiflora leaf oil | FR |
| caramellic |
| | rosefuran | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | bergamot oil | FL/FR |
| | limonene oxide | FL/FR |
| | ocimene quintoxide | FL/FR |
| sweet | orange peel oil c.p. brazil | FL/FR |
| ethereal |
| | cyclohexyl formate | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl propanol | FR |
| | dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| 2,4- | dimethyl cyclohexyl methyl acetate | FR |
| | floral pyranol | FR |
| | gardenia oxide | FR |
| | geraniol | FL/FR |
| | geranium oil bourbon | FL/FR |
| | geranium oil china | FL/FR |
| | heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| | hyacinth ether | FR |
| | leerall | FR |
| laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| | linalool | FL/FR |
| | linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| | methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| | nerol | FL/FR |
| | neryl acetate | FL/FR |
| | ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| | petitgrain oil paraguay | FL/FR |
| | phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | phenyl propyl phenyl acetate | FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| | violet methyl carbonate | FR |
| fruity |
| | benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| 2- | cyclopentyl cyclopentanone | FL/FR |
| | diethyl malonate | FL/FR |
| 1,8- | dimethoxy-para-menthane | |
| | ethyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| | green acetate | FR |
| | pineapple pentenoate | FL/FR |
| 1,3,3,5- | tetramethyl-7-carbomethoxybicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| 1,3,3,5- | tetramethyl-8-carbomethoxybicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| green |
| 2-tert- | butyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| | carrot leaf oil (daucus carota ssp.maximus) | FR |
| | chrysanthemum carbaldehyde | FR |
| 3- | cyclohexyl propyl butyrate | |
| 1,5- | dimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| dextro- | limonene oxide | FL/FR |
| | manzanate (Givaudan) | FL/FR |
| 3- | methylthio-4-heptanone | |
| | styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
| 1,3,3,5- | tetramethyl-8-carbomethoxybicyclo(2.2.2)oct-5-ene | |
| 3,5,5- | trimethyl hexanol | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | anethum graveolens herb oil | FL/FR |
| | barosma betulina leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | cajuput oil replacer | FR |
| | carrot seed oil (daucus carota ssp. gummifer hook. fil.) spain | FR |
| | carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | dehydroxylinalool oxide | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil CO2 extract indian | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil indian | FL/FR |
| | dill weed oil cuba | FL/FR |
| | dill weed oil reunion | FL/FR |
| | hop absolute | FL/FR |
| | hop oil | FL/FR |
| 6- | hydroxydihydrotheaspirane (mixture of isomers) | FL/FR |
| | hyssop oil | FL/FR |
| | lavender absolute bulgaria | FL/FR |
| | linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | melaleuca leucadendron cajaputi oil | FL/FR |
| | thyme absolute | FL/FR |
| licorice |
| (E)- | anethol | FL/FR |
| mentholic |
| laevo- | menthol | FL/FR |
| laevo- | menthyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | menthyl acetate racemic | FL/FR |
| | peppermint cyclohexanone | FL/FR |
| minty |
| | agathosma crenulata leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | betula lenta bark oil america | FL/FR |
| laevo- | carveol | FL/FR |
| (4R,6R)- | carveol | FL/FR |
| laevo- | carvone | FL/FR |
| cis- | carvone-5,6-oxide | FL/FR |
| | carvyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | dihydrocarveol | FL/FR |
| | ethyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | mentha longifolia oil | FR |
| | mentha spicata herb extract | FL/FR |
| | mentha spicata herb tincture | FL/FR |
| | mentha spicata herb water | FL/FR |
| | mentha spicata leaf extract | FL/FR |
| trans-para- | menthan-2-one | FL/FR |
| | methyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | peppermint absolute | FL/FR |
| | peppermint distillates | FL/FR |
| | peppermint fragrance | FR |
| | peppermint oil america | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil idaho | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil willamette | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| iso | pulegyl formate | FL/FR |
| | spearmint absolute | FL/FR |
| | spearmint essence | FL/FR |
| | spearmint fragrance | FR |
| | spearmint oil | FL/FR |
| | spearmint oil china | FL/FR |
| | spearmint oil scotch | FL/FR |
| | spearmint oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| | spearmint oil terpenes | FR |
| | tetrahydrocarvone | FL/FR |
| powdery |
| para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| spicy |
| iso | butyl angelate | FL/FR |
| | carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| | carvacrol | FL/FR |
| trans- | carveol | FL/FR |
| | cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed absolute | FL/FR |
| black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
| sweet | marjoram oil replacer | FR |
| | myrtenal | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| | lychee mercaptan acetate | FL/FR |
| | mango thiol | FL/FR |
| 4- | methoxy-2-methyl butane thiol | FL/FR |
| terpenic |
| alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
| tonka |
| | mint lactone | FL/FR |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| | vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | dihydro-beta-ionone | FL/FR |
| | santall | FR |
| (Z)- | woody amylene | FR |
| |
| For Flavor |
| |
| No flavor group found for these |
| 2-tert- | butyl pyrazine | FL/FR |
| (4R,6R)- | carveol | FL/FR |
| trans- | carveol | FL/FR |
| laevo- | carveol | FL/FR |
| 3- | cyclohexyl propyl butyrate | |
| 2- | cyclopentyl cyclopentanone | FL/FR |
| | ethyl 2-methyl-2-(methyl thio) propionate | FL |
| | limonene oxide | FL/FR |
| cis+trans-para-1(7)8- | menthadien-2-yl acetate | FL |
| | menthyl acetate racemic | FL/FR |
| 3- | methylthio-4-heptanone | |
| | nonyl benzoate | |
| iso | pulegyl formate | FL/FR |
| | rosefuran | FL/FR |
| 1,3,3,5- | tetramethyl-7-carbomethoxybicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| 1,3,3,5- | tetramethyl-8-carbomethoxybicyclo(2.2.2)oct-5-ene | |
| 1,3,3,5- | tetramethyl-8-carbomethoxybicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
|
| dextro- | limonene oxide | FL/FR |
| alliaceous |
| | truffle sulfide | FL |
| anise |
| (E)- | anethol | FL/FR |
| | anise seed oil colombia | FL/FR |
| sweet | fennel seed oil | FL/FR |
| balsamic |
| siam | benzoin resinoid | FL/FR |
| | ethyl cinnamate | FL/FR |
| berry |
| | heliotropyl acetone | FL/FR |
| | raspberry ketone | FL/FR |
| camphoreous |
| 6- | hydroxydihydrotheaspirane (mixture of isomers) | FL/FR |
| citrus |
| | bergamot oil | FL/FR |
| 1,5- | dimethyl-3-isopropyl-2-oxabicyclo(2.2.2)octane | |
| laevo- | linalool | FL/FR |
| | linalool | FL/FR |
| | nerol | FL/FR |
| sweet | orange peel oil c.p. brazil | FL/FR |
| alpha- | terpineol | FL/FR |
| | verbena oil france | FL |
| coffee |
| 2-iso | propyl pyrazine | FL |
| cooling |
| | manzanate (Givaudan) | FL/FR |
| laevo- | menthol | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil america | FL/FR |
| creamy |
| | mint lactone | FL/FR |
| gamma- | undecalactone (aldehyde C-14 (so-called)) | FL/FR |
| floral |
| | bois de rose oil brazil | FL/FR |
| | geraniol | FL/FR |
| | geranium oil bourbon | FL/FR |
| | geranium oil china | FL/FR |
| | linalyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | methyl dihydrojasmonate | FL/FR |
| | neryl acetate | FL/FR |
| | ocean propanal | FL/FR |
| fruity |
| para- | anisyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | benzyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | benzyl propionate | FL/FR |
| | diethyl malonate | FL/FR |
| | dimethyl anthranilate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl heptanoate | FL/FR |
| | pineapple pentenoate | FL/FR |
| | rose butanoate | FL/FR |
| | styralyl acetate | FL/FR |
| green |
| iso | butyl angelate | FL/FR |
| | carrot weed oil | FL/FR |
| | cyclamen aldehyde | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl ethyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| | cyclohexyl formate | FL/FR |
| | dihydrocarveol | FL/FR |
| (E,E)-2,4- | hexadienal | FL |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-ol | FL/FR |
| (Z)-3- | hexen-1-yl acetate | FL/FR |
| | linalool oxide | FL/FR |
| | ocimene quintoxide | FL/FR |
| 2- | phenyl propyl alcohol | FL/FR |
| iso | propyl tiglate | FL/FR |
| 3,5,5- | trimethyl hexanol | FL/FR |
| herbal |
| | anethum graveolens herb oil | FL/FR |
| | barosma betulina leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | carum carvi fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | daucus carota fruit oil | FL/FR |
| | dill weed oil cuba | FL/FR |
| | dill weed oil reunion | FL/FR |
| | hop absolute | FL/FR |
| | hop oil | FL/FR |
| | hyssop oil | FL/FR |
| | lavender absolute bulgaria | FL/FR |
| | melaleuca leucadendron cajaputi oil | FL/FR |
| | ocimum basilicum herb oil | FL/FR |
| | ocimum basilicum leaf oil CO2 extract | FL/FR |
| | origanum majorana oil | FL/FR |
| | petitgrain oil paraguay | FL/FR |
| | thyme absolute | FL/FR |
| honey |
| | phenethyl acetate | FL/FR |
| juicy |
| | lychee mercaptan acetate | FL/FR |
| mentholic |
| | peppermint cyclohexanone | FL/FR |
| minty |
| | agathosma crenulata leaf oil | FL/FR |
| | betula lenta bark oil america | FL/FR |
| laevo- | carvone | FL/FR |
| cis- | carvone-5,6-oxide | FL/FR |
| | carvyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | ethyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | mentha spicata herb extract | FL/FR |
| | mentha spicata herb tincture | FL/FR |
| | mentha spicata herb water | FL/FR |
| | mentha spicata leaf extract | FL/FR |
| trans-para- | menthan-2-one | FL/FR |
| laevo- | menthyl acetate | FL/FR |
| | methyl salicylate | FL/FR |
| | myrtenal | FL/FR |
| | peppermint absolute | FL/FR |
| | peppermint distillates | FL/FR |
| | peppermint flavor | FL |
| | peppermint oil idaho | FL/FR |
| | peppermint oil willamette | FL/FR |
| | spearmint absolute | FL/FR |
| | spearmint distillates | FL |
| | spearmint essence | FL/FR |
| | spearmint flavor | FL |
| | spearmint herb | FL |
| | spearmint oil | FL/FR |
| | spearmint oil china | FL/FR |
| | spearmint oil scotch | FL/FR |
| | spearmint oil terpeneless | FL/FR |
| | tetrahydrocarvone | FL/FR |
| nutty |
| 1,8- | dimethoxy-para-menthane | |
| spicy |
| | carvacrol | FL/FR |
| | cinnamaldehyde dimethyl acetal | FL/FR |
| | cumin seed absolute | FL/FR |
| black | currant bud absolute | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil CO2 extract indian | FL/FR |
| | dill seed oil indian | FL/FR |
| sulfurous |
| | mango thiol | FL/FR |
| 4- | methoxy-2-methyl butane thiol | FL/FR |
| tea |
| white | tea peach spearmint flavor | FL |
| vanilla |
| | ethyl vanillin | FL/FR |
| | vanilla bean absolute (vanilla planifolia) | FL/FR |
| waxy |
| alpha- | hexyl cinnamaldehyde | FL/FR |
| woody |
| | dehydroxylinalool oxide | FL/FR |
| | dihydro-beta-ionone | FL/FR |
| |
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | mentha crispa herb oil america | | | mentha spicata herb oil america | | | mentha viridis herb oil america | | | oil spearmint first cutting FCC (native variety) | | | spearmint essential oil mentha spicata, america | | | spearmint far west native | | | spearmint farwest native oil USA | | natural oil of | spearmint farwest native type | | east | spearmint oil 60% | | east | spearmint oil 80% | | | spearmint oil america | | | spearmint oil american | | organic | spearmint oil american | | | spearmint oil mwn | | | spearmint oil mws | | | spearmint oil native | | | spearmint oil, native | | | spearmint oil, native natural | | | spearmint usa EO |
Articles:
| PubMed: | Growth performance and antioxidant enzyme activities in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) juveniles fed diets supplemented with sage, mint and thyme oils. |
| PubMed: | Next generation sequencing unravels the biosynthetic ability of Spearmint ( Mentha spicata ) peltate glandular trichomes through comparative transcriptomics. |
| PubMed: | Acaricidal activities against house dust mites of spearmint oil and its constituents. |
| PubMed: | Secondary metabolites isolation in natural products chemistry: comparison of two semipreparative chromatographic techniques (high pressure liquid chromatography and high performance thin-layer chromatography). |
| PubMed: | [Correlation between the output and composition of essential oil and the level of salicylic acid in mint plants at different ontogenetic stages]. |
| PubMed: | Nematicidal activity of mint aqueous extracts against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. |
| PubMed: | Increased seizure latency and decreased severity of pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures in mice after essential oil administration. |
| PubMed: | Antiemetic activity of volatile oil from Mentha spicata and Mentha × piperita in chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. |
| PubMed: | (-)-Carvone: antispasmodic effect and mode of action. |
| PubMed: | Postharvest management affects spearmint and calamint essential oils. |
| PubMed: | Hydrodistillation and in situ microwave-generated hydrodistillation of fresh and dried mint leaves: a comparison study. |
| PubMed: | Retrospective study of oral lichen planus and allergy to spearmint oil. |
| PubMed: | Antimicrobial activity of commercially available essential oils against Streptococcus mutans. |
| PubMed: | Repellent activities of some Labiatae plant essential oils against the saltmarsh mosquito Ochlerotatus caspius (Pallas, 1771) (Diptera: Culicidae). |
| PubMed: | Chemical composition and larvicidal activity of essential oil from Mentha spicata (Linn.) against three mosquito species. |
| PubMed: | Chemical diversity in Mentha spicata: antioxidant and potato sprout inhibition activity of its essential oils. |
| PubMed: | Medicinal plants as antiemetics in the treatment of cancer: a review. |
| PubMed: | [Effect of spearmint oil on lipopolysaccharide induced emphysema-like changes and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9]. |
| PubMed: | Effect of distillation waste water and plant hormones on spearmint growth and composition. |
| PubMed: | A flexible loop-type flow modulator for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography. |
| PubMed: | Comparative evaluation of garlic extract mouthwash and chlorhexidine mouthwash on salivary Streptococcus mutans count - an in vitro study. |
| PubMed: | Antibacterial effects of the essential oils of commonly consumed medicinal herbs using an in vitro model. |
| PubMed: | Yield, content, and composition of peppermint and spearmints as a function of harvesting time and drying. |
| PubMed: | Activities of ten essential oils towards Propionibacterium acnes and PC-3, A-549 and MCF-7 cancer cells. |
| PubMed: | Chemical composition and larvicidal evaluation of Mentha, Salvia, and Melissa essential oils against the West Nile virus mosquito Culex pipiens. |
| PubMed: | Mint essential oil can induce or inhibit potato sprouting by differential alteration of apical meristem. |
| PubMed: | Productivity and quality of volatile oil extracted from Mentha spicata and M. arvensis var. piperascens grown by a hydroponic system using the deep flow technique. |
| PubMed: | The effect of Mentha spicata and Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oils on dental biofilm. |
| PubMed: | Characterization of the harmful effect of olive mill wastewater on spearmint. |
| PubMed: | Nonlinear dynamical analysis of the effect by six stimuli on electroencephalogram. |
| PubMed: | Chemical composition of essential oils of Thymus and Mentha species and their antifungal activities. |
| PubMed: | Mint oil (Mentha spicata Linn.) offers behavioral radioprotection: a radiation-induced conditioned taste aversion study. |
| PubMed: | [Effect of Spearmint oil on inflammation, oxidative alteration and Nrf2 expression in lung tissue of COPD rats]. |
| PubMed: | Expression of spearmint limonene synthase in transgenic spike lavender results in an altered monoterpene composition in developing leaves. |
| PubMed: | Microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity, a new technique for extraction of essential oils. |
| PubMed: | Monoterpene metabolism. Cloning, expression, and characterization of (-)-isopiperitenol/(-)-carveol dehydrogenase of peppermint and spearmint. |
| PubMed: | Contact allergy to spearmint oil in a patient with oral lichen planus. |
| PubMed: | Organization of monoterpene biosynthesis in Mentha. Immunocytochemical localizations of geranyl diphosphate synthase, limonene-6-hydroxylase, isopiperitenol dehydrogenase, and pulegone reductase. |
| PubMed: | Piperitenone oxide as toxic, repellent, and reproduction retardant toward malarial vector Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Anophelinae). |
| PubMed: | Suppression of neutrophil recruitment in mice by geranium essential oil. |
| PubMed: | Molecular evaluation of a spearmint mutant altered in the expression of limonene hydroxylases that direct essential oil monoterpene biosynthesis. |
| PubMed: | Medicinal and aromatic plant materials as nitrification inhibitors for augmenting yield and nitrogen uptake of Japanese mint (Mentha arvensis L. Var. Piperascens). |
| PubMed: | Inhibition by the essential oils of peppermint and spearmint of the growth of pathogenic bacteria. |
| PubMed: | Different stereoselectivity in the reduction of pulegone by Mentha species. |
| PubMed: | (3R)-Linalool synthase from Artemisia annua L.: cDNA isolation, characterization, and wound induction. |
| PubMed: | Mentha x piperita, Mentha spicata and Effects of Their Essential Oils on Meloidogyne in Soil. |
| PubMed: | Purification and characterization of an NADPH-cytochrome P450 (cytochrome c) reductase from spearmint (Mentha spicata) glandular trichomes. |
| PubMed: | Isolation and characterization of an active-site peptide from a monoterpene cyclase labeled with a mechanism-based inhibitor. |
| PubMed: | 4S-limonene synthase from the oil glands of spearmint (Mentha spicata). cDNA isolation, characterization, and bacterial expression of the catalytically active monoterpene cyclase. |
| PubMed: | Induction and Characterization of a Cytochrome P-450-Dependent Camphor Hydroxylase in Tissue Cultures of Common Sage (Salvia officinalis). |
| PubMed: | Production and characterization of polyclonal antibodies in rabbits to 4S-limonene synthase from spearmint (Mentha spicata). |
| PubMed: | Monoterpene biosynthesis: specificity of the hydroxylations of (-)-limonene by enzyme preparations from peppermint (Mentha piperita), spearmint (Mentha spicata), and perilla (Perilla frutescens) leaves. |
| PubMed: | Demonstration that limonene is the first cyclic intermediate in the biosynthesis of oxygenated p-menthane monoterpenes in Mentha piperita and other Mentha species. |
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