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Category:multipurpose additives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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| FDA Mainterm (SATF): | 977043-69-8 ; CARRAGEENAN AND SALTS OF CARRAGEENAN |
| FDA Regulation: | FDA PART 136 -- BAKERY PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Bakery Products
Sec. 136.110 Bread, rolls, and buns.
FDA PART 139 -- MACARONI AND NOODLE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Macaroni and Noodle Products
Sec. 139.121 Nonfat milk macaroni products.
FDA PART 139 -- MACARONI AND NOODLE PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Macaroni and Noodle Products
Sec. 139.122 Enriched nonfat milk macaroni products.
FDA PART 150 -- FRUIT BUTTERS, JELLIES, PRESERVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Fruit Butters, Jellies, Preserves, and Related Products
Sec. 150.141 Artificially sweetened fruit jelly.
FDA PART 150 -- FRUIT BUTTERS, JELLIES, PRESERVES, AND RELATED PRODUCTS
Subpart B--Requirements for Specific Standardized Fruit Butters, Jellies, Preserves, and Related Products
Sec. 150.161 Artificially sweetened fruit preserves and jams.
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart G--Gums, Chewing Gum Bases and Related Substances
Sec. 172.626 Salts of carrageenan.
FDA PART 176 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS
Subpart B--Substances for Use Only as Components of Paper and Paperboard
Sec. 176.170 Components of paper and paperboard in contact with aqueous and fatty foods.
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Physical Properties:
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | multipurpose additives |
| Recommendation for carrageenan and salts of carrageenan usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for carrageenan and salts of carrageenan flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
| FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
| FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: | View |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB32195 |
| FooDB: | FDB009101 |
| FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: | View |
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | carrageenan and salts of carrageenan |
Articles:
| PubMed:Synergistic effects of mixed salt on the gelation of κ-carrageenan. |
| PubMed:Effects of encapsulation on the viability of potential probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum exposed to high acidity condition and presence of bile salts. |
| PubMed:Effect of high pressure processing on the gel properties of salt-soluble meat protein containing CaCl2 and κ-carrageenan. |
| PubMed:Kinetics and mechanism of permanganate oxidation of iota- and lambda-carrageenan polysaccharides as sulfated carbohydrates in acid perchlorate solutions. |
| PubMed:Formation of calcium-mediated junction zones at the onset of the sol-gel transition of commercial kappa-carrageenan solutions. |
| PubMed:Bioactive alginate coatings to control Listeria monocytogenes on cold-smoked salmon slices and fillets. |
| PubMed:Effect of various encapsulating materials on the stability of probiotic bacteria. |
| PubMed:Anti-inflammatory activity and PGE2 inhibitory properties of novel phenylcarbamoylmethyl ester-containing compounds. |
| PubMed:Dendrimer diffusion in kappa-carrageenan gel structures. |
| PubMed:Anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of vanillyl alcohol. |
| PubMed:Site specific chemical delivery of NSAIDs to inflamed joints: synthesis, biological activity and gamma-imaging studies of quaternary ammonium salts of tropinol esters of some NSAIDs or their active metabolites. |
| PubMed:Optimization of kappa-carrageenase production by Pseudoalteromonas sp. AJ5. |
| PubMed:Anti-oxidant, in vitro, in vivo anti-inflammatory activity and antiproliferative activity of mefenamic acid and its metal complexes with manganese(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II) and zinc(II). |
| PubMed:Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants. |
| PubMed:Anti-inflammatory effects of liquiritigenin as a consequence of the inhibition of NF-kappaB-dependent iNOS and proinflammatory cytokines production. |
| PubMed:Properties of pellets manufactured by wet extrusion/spheronization process using kappa-carrageenan: effect of process parameters. |
| PubMed:Physicochemical characterization, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of indomethacin-loaded nanocarriers self-assembled by amphiphilic polyphosphazene. |
| PubMed:In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of alpha-linolenic acid isolated from Actinidia polygama fruits. |
| PubMed:Novel synthesis of [1]-benzothiepino[5,4-b]pyridine-3-carbonitriles and their anti-inflammatory properties. |
| PubMed:A novel enzyme, lambda-carrageenase, isolated from a deep-sea bacterium. |
| PubMed:Parameters affecting the drug release from in situ gelling nasal inserts. |
| PubMed:Design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of a series of novel amino acid-binding 1,5-diarylpyrazole derivatives. |
| PubMed:Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some novel 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-methylthio-3-(substituted)arylamino acrylamides as potential anti-inflammatory agents. |
| PubMed:Unperturbed dimensions of Carrageenans in different salt solutions. |
| PubMed:Fat and sodium chloride reduction in sausages using kappa-carrageenan and other salts. |
| PubMed:The system of galactans of the red seaweed, Kappaphycus alvarezii, with emphasis on its minor constituents. |
| PubMed:Desulfation of sulfated galactans with chlorotrimethylsilane. Characterization of beta-carrageenan by 1H NMR spectroscopy. |
| PubMed:Effect of mixed micelle formulations including terpenes on the transdermal delivery of diclofenac. |
| PubMed:Anti-inflammatory action of sulfoaryl 3,3-disubstituted triazenes in rat experimental edema models. |
| PubMed:4-substituted 1,5-diarylpyrazole, analogues of celecoxib: synthesis and preliminary evaluation of biological properties. |
| PubMed:Sol-Gel transition behavior of pure iota-carrageenan in both salt-free and added salt states. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of certain food additives. Fifty-first report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. |
| PubMed:[The reaction of 3-(R-phenyl)-6-hydrazine pyridazines with substituted isatins (II)]. |
| PubMed:Water-based microsphere delivery system for proteins. |
| PubMed:[Preparation and antiinflammatory activity of selected aqua-(aryloxyacetate) zinc complexes]. |
| PubMed:Conformation and association of kappa-carrageenan in the presence of locust bean gum in mixed NaI/CsI solutions from rheology and cryo-TEM. |
| PubMed:Matrix tablets of carrageenans. II. Release behavior and effect of added cations. |
| PubMed:Methods for the recovery of Salmonella spp. from carboxymethylcellulose gum, gum ghatti, and gelatin. |
| PubMed:In vivo inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by bisisothiouronium and bisguanidinium salts. |
| PubMed:Organisation and association of kappa-carrageenan helices under different salt conditions. |
| PubMed:Imaging of individual biopolymers and supramolecular assemblies using noncontact atomic force microscopy. |
| PubMed:Comparison of the anticoagulant action of sulfated and phosphorylated polysaccharides. |
| PubMed:Polyelectrolyte/amphiphile interaction studied by surface tension measurements. |
| PubMed:On the structure of aggregated kappa-carrageenan helices. A study by cryo-TEM, optical rotation and viscometry. |
| PubMed:In the search for new antiinflammatory drugs: synthesis and antiinflammatory activity of some Thiazolo(3,2-a)pyrimidine derivatives containing a thioether group. |
| PubMed:Fecal bile acid excretion and taurine status in cats fed canned and dry diets. |
| PubMed:Use of INT to determine the respiratory activity of immobilised and free Penicillium chrysogenum. |
| PubMed:Insights into stereochemical features of sulphated carbohydrates: X-ray crystallographic and modelling investigations. |
| PubMed:Temperature and salt optimization of kappa-carrageenan fractionation by DEAE-cellulose. |
| PubMed:Solubility of calcium salts and carrageenan used in infant formulas did not influence calcium absorption in rats. |
| PubMed:Anti-ulcer activity of a slow-release zinc complex, zinc monoglycerolate (Glyzinc). |
| PubMed:Molecular characterisation of kappa- and lambda-carrageenan by gel permeation chromatography, light scattering, sedimentation analysis and osmometry. |
| PubMed:Zinc monoglycerolate: a slow-release source of zinc with anti-arthritic activity in rats. |
| PubMed:Anti-inflammatory activity of some copper(II) complexes. |
| PubMed:Effect of viscous indigestible polysaccharides on pancreatic-biliary secretion and digestive organs in rats. |
| PubMed:Molecular structure of carrageenans and kappa oligomers: a Raman spectroscopic study. |
| PubMed:Promoter function of carrageenan on development of colonic tumors induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in rats. |
| PubMed:[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. 19. Synthesis and activity of stereomeric phenylacetic homologues]. |
| PubMed:Evidence for macrophage involvement in the enhancement of tumor growth delay with X-ray/Fluosol-DAR/O2 combination therapy. |
| PubMed:Carrageenan stimulates reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium by human neutrophils without membrane depolarization, myeloperoxidase secretion, or increased oxygen consumption. |
| PubMed:Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Part 16: Stereomeric 3-aryl-biphenylyl-hydroxy-propionic acids. |
| PubMed:Structure-activity in the carrageenans: iota-carrageenan and experimental oedemagenic activity. |
| PubMed:Effect of indigestible polysaccharides on pancreatic exocrine secretion and biliary output. |
| PubMed:Influence of diet or intrarectal bile acid injections on colon epithelial cell proliferation in rats previously injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. |
| PubMed:Effects of various substances on two types of inflammatory reaction in animals. |
| PubMed:Effect of dietary wheat bran, alfalfa, pectin and carrageenan on plasma cholesterol and fecal bile acid and neutral sterol excretion in rats. |
| PubMed:[Quantitative determination of some thickeners in dairy products (author's transl)]. |
| PubMed:[Bulk materials in hyperlipoproteinemias]. |
| PubMed:[Effect of plant gums (swelling materials) on intestinal absorption in experimental animals]. |
| PubMed:Experimental inflammation induced by naturally occurring microcrystalline calcium salts. |
| PubMed:Beta-aminocinnamonitriles as potential antiinflammatory agents. |
| PubMed:Iota-carrageenan: molecular structure and packing of polysaccharide double helices in oriented fibres of divalent cation salts. |
| PubMed:[The influence of inorganic and organic salts on the binding of polysaccharides with thiazine dyes]. |
| PubMed:[Influence of inorganic and organic salts on binding of polysaccharides with thiazine dyes]. |
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