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Category:natural substances and extractives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 198.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Boiling Point: | 604.90 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 607.00 °F. TCC ( 319.60 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 0.690 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 8.591e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 220 mg/kg
JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Vol. 63, Pg. 469, 1979.
oral-rat LDLo 200 mg/kg
LIVER: OTHER CHANGES
Nature. Vol. 227, Pg. 401, 1970.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | natural substances and extractives |
| Recommendation for senkirkine usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for senkirkine flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
|
Dietary exposure assessment to pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the European population
View page or View pdf
|
| EPI System: View |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| Carcinogenic Potency Database:Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :6433332 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| (4E,6R,7R,11Z)-4-ethylidene-7-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-2,9-dioxa-14-azabicyclo[9.5.1]heptadec-11-ene-3,8,17-trione |
| Chemidplus:0002318185 |
References:
| | (4E,6R,7R,11Z)-4-ethylidene-7-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-2,9-dioxa-14-azabicyclo[9.5.1]heptadec-11-ene-3,8,17-trione |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 6433332 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134983033 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 2,12- | dihydroxy-4-methyl-11,16-dioxosenecionanium | | trans-15- | ethylidene-12-beta-hydroxy-4,12-alpha,13-beta-trimethyl 8-oxo-4,8 secosenec-1-enine | | (4E,6R,7R,11Z)-4- | ethylidene-7-hydroxy-6,7,14-trimethyl-2,9-dioxa-14-azabicyclo[9.5.1]heptadec-11-ene-3,8,17-trione | | | renardin | | | renardine | | 4,8- | secosenecionan-8,11,16-trione, 12-hydroxy-4-methyl- | | | senecionanium, 8,12-dihydroxy-4-methyl-11,16-dioxo- | | | senkarkane | | | senkirkin | | | senkirkine (neutral) |
Articles:
| PubMed:UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of selected pyrrolizidine alkaloids in feed. |
| PubMed:Diversity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in native and invasive Senecio pterophorus (Asteraceae): Implications for toxicity. |
| PubMed:Three new monoterpene glucosides from Senecio solidagineus. |
| PubMed:Toxicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids to Spodoptera exigua using insect cell lines and injection bioassays. |
| PubMed:[Determination of five pyrrolizidine alkaloids in honey by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry]. |
| PubMed:Structure-activity relationship in the passage of different pyrrolizidine alkaloids through the gastrointestinal barrier: ABCB1 excretes heliotrine and echimidine. |
| PubMed:Pyrrolizidine alkaloid-derived DNA adducts as a common biological biomarker of pyrrolizidine alkaloid-induced tumorigenicity. |
| PubMed:Analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and evaluation of some biological activities of Algerian Senecio delphinifolius (Asteraceae). |
| PubMed:Comparison of metabolism-mediated effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in a HepG2/C3A cell-S9 co-incubation system and quantification of their glutathione conjugates. |
| PubMed:[Studies on the alkaloids of Senecio scandens growing in Guangdong]. |
| PubMed:Determination of senkirkine and senecionine in Tussilago farfara using microwave-assisted extraction and pressurized hot water extraction with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Identification of five hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in a commonly used traditional Chinese medicinal herb, Herba Senecionis scandentis (Qianliguang). |
| PubMed:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids of the endemic Mexican genus Pittocaulon and assignment of stereoisomeric 1,2-saturated necine bases. |
| PubMed:Dynamic pH junction-sweeping capillary electrophoresis for online preconcentration of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Chinese herbal medicine. |
| PubMed:Differences in effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids on five generalist insect herbivore species. |
| PubMed:Acquisition, transformation and maintenance of plant pyrrolizidine alkaloids by the polyphagous arctiid Grammia geneura. |
| PubMed:Separation and determination of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in traditional Chinese herbal medicines by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with organic modifier. |
| PubMed:Specific recognition, detoxification and metabolism of pyrrolizidine alkaloids by the polyphagous arctiid Estigmene acrea. |
| PubMed:On-line structure characterization of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in Onosma stellulatum and Emilia coccinea by liquid chromatography-ion-trap mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids as oviposition stimulants for the cinnabar moth, Tyria jacobaeae. |
| PubMed:Toxicity of Senecio vernalis to laying hens and evaluation of residues in eggs. |
| PubMed:Structure-activity relationships of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in insect chemical defense against the orb-weaving spider Nephila clavipes. |
| PubMed:Simultaneous determination of N-oxides and free bases of pyrrolizidine alkaloids by cation-exchange solid-phase extraction and ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Interplant alkaloid variation and Senecio vernalis toxicity in cattle. |
| PubMed:SOS induction of selected naturally occurring substances in Escherichia coli (SOS chromotest). |
| PubMed:Generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the pyrrolizidine alkaloid retrorsine. |
| PubMed:A competitive enzyme immunoassay for the pyrrolizidine alkaloids of the senecionine type. |
| PubMed:Hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the Mexican medicinal plant Packera candidissima (Asteraceae: Senecioneae). |
| PubMed:Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Senecio leucanthemifolius and Senecio rodriguezii. |
| PubMed:Anonamine, C19H27NO7, neosenkirkine, C19H27NO6, and hydroxysenkirkine, C19H27NO7.CH3OH. Macrocyclic secopyrrolizidine alkaloids from Senecio anonymus Wood. |
| PubMed:Macrocyclic pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Senecio anonymus. Separation of a complex alkaloid extract using droplet counter-current chromatography. |
| PubMed:Alkaloid patterns and biosynthetic capacity of root cultures from some pyrrolizidine alkaloid producing Senecio species. |
| PubMed:[Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids from Emilia sonchifolia.]. |
| PubMed:Genotoxicity of a variety of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the hepatocyte primary culture-DNA repair test using rat, mouse, and hamster hepatocytes. |
| PubMed:Induction of SCEs by some pyrrolizidine alkaloids in V79 Chinese hamster cells co-cultured with chick embryo hepatocytes. |
| PubMed:Mutagenic activity of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids seneciphylline and senkirkine in Drosophila and their transfer into rat milk. |
| PubMed:Senkirkine. |
| PubMed:Neosenkirkine and Senkirkine from Senecio pierotii. |
| PubMed:[On the gas-chromatographical determination of the pyrrolizidine alkaloids of some Senecio-species]. |
| PubMed:Chromosomal aberrations and mutation in cultured mammalian cells induced by pyrrolizidine alkaloids. |
| PubMed:Mutagenicity of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome test. |
| PubMed:Induction of hepatic tumors in rats by senkirkine and symphytine. |
| PubMed:Carcinogenic activity of coltsfoot, Tussilago farfara l. |
| PubMed:Senkirkine. |
| PubMed:The nature of intramolecular N--C equals O interactions. Crystal structure of the Senecio alkaloid senkirkine. |
| PubMed:Hepatotoxic activity of retrorsine, senkirkine and hydroxysenkirkine in newborn rats, and the role of epoxides in carcinogenesis by pyrrolizidine alkaloids and aflatoxins. |
| PubMed:ALKALOIDS OF NEW ZEALAND SENECIO SPECIES. II. SENKIRKINE. |
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3D/inchi