|
Category:antimicrobial agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | pale brown liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 34.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 465.90 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 5.180000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 319.00 °F. TCC ( 159.40 °C. ) (est)
|
| logP (o/w): | 6.500 |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 0.006 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-chicken LD50 7000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: IRRITABILITY
BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
GASTROINTESTINAL: CHANGES IN STRUCTURE OR FUNCTION OF SALIVARY GLANDS
JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. Vol. 7, Pg. 367, 1987.
oral-duck LD50 11300 mg/kg
Defense des Vegetaux. Vol. 32, Pg. 168, 1978.
oral-guinea pig LD50 4000 mg/kg
"Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd, eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1983-86Vol. A316, Pg. 1984
unreported-man LD50 > 4000 mg/kg
Defense des Vegetaux. Vol. 32, Pg. 168, 1978.
oral-man TDLo 2270 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"
BEHAVIORAL: COMA
Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 36, Pg. 57, 1998.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 429 mg/kg
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. Vol. 18, Pg. 27, 1989.
intravenous-mouse LD50 31 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 66, Pg. 153, 1982.
oral-mouse LD50 424 mg/kg
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. Vol. 18, Pg. 27, 1989.
unreported-mouse LD50 680 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: COMA
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 53(9), Pg. 69, 1988.
oral-quail LD50 13500 mg/kg
Defense des Vegetaux. Vol. 32, Pg. 168, 1978.
oral-rabbit LD50 4000 mg/kg
"Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd, eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1983-86Vol. A316, Pg. 1984
intravenous-rat LD > 270 mg/kg
Nature. Vol. 246, Pg. 169, 1973.
oral-rat LD50 383 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD-A047-284
unreported-rat LD50 537 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
BEHAVIORAL: COMA
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 53(9), Pg. 69, 1988.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-mouse LD50 > 10000 mg/kg
Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. Vol. 30, Pg. 1635, 1979.
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 10000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
Bochu Kagaku. Scientific Pest Control. Vol. 41, Pg. 143, 1976.
skin-rabbit LD50 > 2000 mg/kg
Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C233, 1991.
skin-rat LD50 1750 mg/kg
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 53(9), Pg. 69, 1988.
subcutaneous-rat LD50 6600 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
BEHAVIORAL: TREMOR
Bochu Kagaku. Scientific Pest Control. Vol. 41, Pg. 143, 1976.
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
inhalation-mouse LC50 685 mg/m3
Yakkyoku. Pharmacy. Vol. 30, Pg. 1635, 1979.
inhalation-rat LC50 485 mg/m3
Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 55(12), Pg. 21, 1990.
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | antimicrobial agents |
| Recommendation for permethrin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
|
| |
| Recommendation for permethrin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
|
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
|
Setting of maximum residue levels for amitraz, coumaphos, flumequine, oxytetracycline, permethrin and streptomycin in certain products of animal origin
View page or View pdf
|
Genotoxicity of permethrin and clorpyriphos on human stem and progenitor cells at different ontogeny stages: implications in leukaemia development
View page or View pdf
|
| EPI System: View |
| EPA-Iris:IRIS |
| ClinicalTrials.gov:search |
| Daily Med:search |
| NIOSH International Chemical Safety Cards:search |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA GENetic TOXicology:Search |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :40326 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate |
| Chemidplus:0052645531 |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials |
| RTECS:52645-53-1 |
References:
| | (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 40326 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 135001943 |
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C14388 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | HMDB15604 |
| MedlinePlusSupp: | View |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
Formulations/Preparations:
•dust, emulsifiable concentrate, smokes, ulv ultra low volume, wettable powder.
•premix partners: carboxin; dichlofluanid; piperonyl butoxide; tebuconazole; tetramethrin.
•technical material is a mixture of ∼60% trans- and 40% cis-isomers.
•permethrin is typically a mixture of (+) cis and (+) trans esters in either a 40:60 or 25:75 ratio.
•fumigant; aerosol; water-dispersible granules.
•the cistrans ratio varies depending on conditions of manufacture and can also vary with time due to differential rates of hydrolysis and photolysis. a common ratio is 40:60 for agricultural use, with veterinary preparations having lower ratios.
•mixtures (permethrin +) dimethoate; pyrethrins; malathion; tetramethrin; heptenophos; bioallethrin + piperonyl butoxide; primiphos-methyl; chloropyrifos-methyl+pyrethrins; bioallethrins s-cyclopentenyl isomer; bioallethrin s-cyclopentenyl isomer + piperonyl butoxide.
•bonide potato beetle beater (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 13.3%.
•bonide insect spray (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 13.3%.
•bonide rtu permethrin spray (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.5%.
•bonide wasp & hornet spray (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, tetramethrin 0.1%, permethrin 0.25%.
•bonide permakil 25 (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.25%.
•eight insect control ready to use (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.02%.
•bonide eight insect control concentrate (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 2.5%.
•bonide eight insect control dust (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.125%.
•bonide lawn degrubber (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.25%.
•bonide total release indoor fogger (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, tetramethrin 0.1%, permethrin 0.25%.
•bonide yard & patio fogger (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: piperonyl butoxide 0.75%, tetramethrin 0.15%, permethrin 0.15%.
•bonide eight insect control plus (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.25%.
•bonide mosquito insect spray (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, tetramethrin 0.1%, permethrin 0.25%.
•bonide wasp, hornet & yellow jacket killer (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: tetramethrin 0.2%, permethrin 0.2%.
•bonide fcs 26 (bonide products, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.25%, pyriproxyfen 0.01%.
•farnam purge plus insecticide (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 45%, pyriproxyfen 5%.
•farnam purge pesticide (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 45%.
•repel-x rtu (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, pyrethrins 0.05%, permethrin 0.1%.
•equicare flysect super-7 repellent spray (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: stabilene 5%, mgk 326 1%, mgk 264 2%, piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, pyrethrins 0.2%, permethrin 0.2%.
•equicare flysect super c repellent concentrate (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: mgk 326 2.5%, mgk 264 3.1%, piperonyl butoxide 1.85%, pyrethrins 0.5%, permethrin 1%.
•horse lice duster (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: permethrin 0.25%.
•farnam x-5306-98 (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: mgk 326 2.5%, mgk 264 3.1%, piperonyl butoxide 1.85%, permethrin 1%, prallethrin 0.33%.
•farnam x-5303-98 (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: stabilene 5%, mgk 326 1%, mgk 264 2%, piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, permethrin 0.2%, prallethrin 0.13%.
•farnam x-5294-98 (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, permethrin 0.1%, prallethrin 0.033%.
•adams equine residual fly mistwipe (farnam companies, inc.): active ingredient: stabilene 5%, mgk 326 1%, mgk 264 2%, piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, permethrin 0.2%, prallethrin 0.2%.
•fmc pounce technical insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 95.4%.
•pounce 3.2 ec insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 38.4%.
•pounce 25 wp insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 25%.
•pounce 1.5g insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 1.5%.
•dragnet ft termiticideinsecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 36.8%.
•pounce wsb insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 24.7%.
•astro insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 36.8%.
•pounce mup manufacturing use product (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 25%.
•pounce 3.2 ec lt insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 38.4%.
•permethrin mup insecticide (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 38.4%.
•wasp, hornet and yellow jacket killer (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: piperonyl butoxide 0.5%, tetramethrin 0.1%, permethrin 0.25%.
•cb pyrethrinpermethrin spray (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: mgk 264 0.25%, pyrethrins 0.05%, permethrin 0.2%, pyriproxyfen 0.02%.
•gat permethrin 25 cs (fmc corp. agricultural products group): active ingredient: permethrin 23.6%.
permethrin preparations
route of administration
dosage form
strength
brand or generic name (manufacturer)
topical cream 5% ww acticin (mylan)
topical cream 5% ww elimite (allergan)
topical cream 5% ww permethrin cream (available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, andor repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name.)
topical lotion 1% nix cream rinse (insight)
topical lotion 1% permethrin lotion (available from one or more manufacturer, distributor, andor repackager by generic (nonproprietary) name.)
|
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | acticin | | | ambushfog | | | anomethrin N | | | antiborer 3768 | | | bematin 987 | | | chinetrin | | | coopex | | | corsair | | | cosair | | | cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester | | | cyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-, 3-phenoxybenzyl ester, (+-)-, (cis,trans)- | | 3-(2,2- | dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethyl cyclopropane carboxylic acid (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester | | 3-(2,2- | dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylic acid, (3-phenoxyphenyl) methyl ester | | 3-(2,2- | dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester | | | diffusil H | | | dragnet FT | | | ecsumin | | | ectiban | | | efmethrin | | | eksmin | | | elimite | | | expar | | | exsmin | | | imperator | | | indothrin | | | insorbcid MP | | | kafil | | | kaleait | | | kavil | | | kestrel (pesticide) | | | lyclear | | | mitin BC | | | outflank-stockade | | | perigen | | | perigen W | | | permanone 80 | | | permasect | | | permethrin | | | permethrinum | | m- | phenoxybenzyl (+-)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | m- | phenoxybenzyl (+1)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | 3- | phenoxybenzyl (1RS,3RS;1RS,3SR)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | 3- | phenoxybenzyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)cyclopropanecarboxylate | | (+-)-3- | phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | m- | phenoxybenzyl 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | 3- | phenoxybenzyl(+-)-cis, trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate | | 3-( | phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)-cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | (3- | phenoxyphenyl)methyl (+-)cis,trans-3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | (3- | phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichlorethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate | | (3- | phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate | | | picket G | | | pounce | | | pramex | | | pynosect | | | quamlin | | | ridect pour-on | | | stomoxin | | | stomoxin P | | | stomozan | | | talcord | | | WL 43479 |
Articles:
| PubMed:Scabies. |
| PubMed:A systematic review of the efficacy of prophylactic control measures for naturally occurring canine leishmaniosis. Part II: topically applied insecticide treatments and prophylactic medications. |
| PubMed:Permethrin alters adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and causes insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes. |
| PubMed:HPLC-MS/MS method for the measurement of insecticide degradates in baby food. |
| PubMed:Exposures of 129 preschool children to organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids, and acid herbicides at their homes and daycares in North Carolina. |
| PubMed:Pesticide residue evaluation in major staple food items of Ethiopia using the QuEChERS method: a case study from the Jimma Zone. |
| PubMed:Survival and growth of foodborne pathogens in pesticide solutions routinely used in leafy green vegetables and tomato production. |
| PubMed:Fenpropathrin biodegradation pathway in Bacillus sp. DG-02 and its potential for bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated soils. |
| PubMed:Development of soybean certified reference material for pesticide residue analysis. |
| PubMed:Community air monitoring for pesticides-part 2: multiresidue determination of pesticides in air by gas chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Impact of land-use on malaria transmission in the Plateau region, southeastern Benin. |
| PubMed:Topical ivermectin 0.5% lotion for treatment of head lice. |
| PubMed:Molecular target sequence similarity as a basis for species extrapolation to assess the ecological risk of chemicals with known modes of action. |
| PubMed:Dietary intakes of pesticides based on community duplicate diet samples. |
| PubMed:Dietary predictors of young children's exposure to current-use pesticides using urinary biomonitoring. |
| PubMed:Effect of leaf type and pesticide exposure on abundance of bacterial taxa in mosquito larval habitats. |
| PubMed:Aqueous pesticide mitigation efficiency of Typha latifolia (L.), Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw., and Sparganium americanum Nutt. |
| PubMed:Laboratory degradation rates of 11 pyrethroids under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. |
| PubMed:Skin conditions: emerging drug-resistant skin infections and infestations. |
| PubMed:Novel adult feeding disruption test (FDT) to detect insecticide resistance of lepidopteran pests in cotton. |
| PubMed:Permethrin resistance in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and associated fitness costs. |
| PubMed:Reduction of pesticide residues in tomatoes and other produce. |
| PubMed:Probing the binding of insecticide permethrin to calf thymus DNA by spectroscopic techniques merging with chemometrics method. |
| PubMed:Development of apple certified reference material for quantification of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. |
| PubMed:Cancer and non-cancer health effects from food contaminant exposures for children and adults in California: a risk assessment. |
| PubMed:Children's exposures to pyrethroid insecticides at home: a review of data collected in published exposure measurement studies conducted in the United States. |
| PubMed:Consumption of pesticide-treated wheat seed by a rural population in Malawi. |
| PubMed:Advantages of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization in gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry: pyrethroid insecticides as a case study. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of pressurized liquid extraction for determination of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides in soybean. |
| PubMed:Pesticide application and detection in variable agricultural intensity watersheds and their river systems in the maritime region of Canada. |
| PubMed:A pharmacokinetic model of cis- and trans-permethrin disposition in rats and humans with aggregate exposure application. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of microwave-assisted extraction for the analysis of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides in green onions. |
| PubMed:Quantifying children's aggregate (dietary and residential) exposure and dose to permethrin: application and evaluation of EPA's probabilistic SHEDS-Multimedia model. |
| PubMed:Development of a multianalyte enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for permethrin and aroclors and its implementation for analysis of soil/sediment and house dust extracts. |
| PubMed:Determination of six pyrethroid insecticides in fruit juice samples using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Community duplicate diet methodology: a new tool for estimating dietary exposures to pesticides. |
| PubMed:Occurrence and toxicity of three classes of insecticides in water and sediment in two Southern California coastal watersheds. |
| PubMed:Development of green onion and cabbage certified reference materials for quantification of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. |
| PubMed:Additivity of pyrethroid actions on sodium influx in cerebrocortical neurons in primary culture. |
| PubMed:Determination of multi-residue insecticides of organochlorine, organophosphorus, and pyrethroids in wheat. |
| PubMed:Head lice. |
| PubMed:Degradation of cyhalofop-butyl (CyB) by Pseudomonas azotoformans strain QDZ-1 and cloning of a novel gene encoding CyB-hydrolyzing esterase. |
| PubMed:Pesticides on household surfaces may influence dietary intake of children. |
| PubMed:In vitro metabolism of trans-permethrin and its major metabolites, PBalc and PBacid, in humans. |
| PubMed:Cumulative risk assessment of chemical exposures in urban environments. |
| PubMed:Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based a monoclonal antibody for the detection of pyrethroids with phenoxybenzene multiresidue in river water. |
| PubMed:Cytotoxic effects of permethrin in oocytes of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) fully engorged females: I. Direct or indirect action of the acaricide in germ cells? |
| PubMed:Laboratory evaluation of verbutin as a synergist of acaricides against larvae of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). |
| PubMed:A simple HPLC method for determination of permethrin residues in wine. |
| PubMed:Deltamethrin: the cream of the crop. |
| PubMed:Survey of pesticide residues in maize, cowpea and millet from northern Cameroon: part I. |
| PubMed:High levels of miticides and agrochemicals in North American apiaries: implications for honey bee health. |
| PubMed:Contact toxicity of insecticides for attract-and-kill applications against adult Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). |
| PubMed:Development, validation and application of a methodology based on solid-phase micro extraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS) for the determination of pesticide residues in mangoes. |
| PubMed:Isotope dilution gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for determination of pyrethroids in apple juice. |
| PubMed:Permethrin-induced morphological changes in oocytes of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) semi-engorged females. |
| PubMed:Influences on transfer of selected synthetic pyrethroids from treated Formica to foods. |
| PubMed:Pyrethroid and organophosphorus pesticides in composite diet samples from Atlanta, USA adults. |
| PubMed:Acute toxicity to zebrafish of two organophosphates and four pyrethroids and their binary mixtures. |
| PubMed:Comparing water, bovine milk, and indoor residual spraying as possible sources of DDT and pyrethroid residues in breast milk. |
| PubMed:Head lice. |
| PubMed:Analysis of permethrin isomers in composite diet samples by molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction and isotope dilution gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Ovicidal and adulticidal activities of Origanum majorana essential oil constituents against insecticide-susceptible and pyrethroid/malathion-resistant Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae). |
| PubMed:Effects of black carbon on pyrethroid availability in sediment. |
| PubMed:Genetics and mechanisms of permethrin resistance in the Santa Luiza strain of Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). |
| PubMed:Biological monitoring of exposure to pyrethrins and pyrethroids in a metropolitan population of the Province of Quebec, Canada. |
| PubMed:Extraction and analysis methods for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in surface water, sediments and biological tissues at environmentally relevant concentrations. |
| PubMed:Examining the single and interactive effects of three insecticides on amphibian metamorphosis. |
| PubMed:Scabies. |
| PubMed:Multimedia measurements and activity patterns in an observational pilot study of nine young children. |
| PubMed:Toxicity and efficacy of selected pesticides and new acaricides to stored product mites (Acari: Acaridida). |
| PubMed:Abiotic enantiomerization of permethrin and cypermethrin: effects of organic solvents. |
| PubMed:Toxicity of insecticides to the sweetpotato whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and its natural enemies. |
| PubMed:Identification and quantitation of pyrethroid pesticide residues in vegetables by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Enantiomeric differences in permethrin degradation pathways in soil and sediment. |
| PubMed:Determination of eight synthetic pyrethroids in bovine fat by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. |
| PubMed:Enantioselective degradation and chiral stability of pyrethroids in soil and sediment. |
| PubMed:Removal of carbaryl, linuron, and permethrin by Lupinus angustifolius under hydroponic conditions. |
| PubMed:Pesticides and their metabolites in the homes and urine of farmworker children living in the Salinas Valley, CA. |
| PubMed:Effects of dissolved organic matter on permethrin bioavailability to Daphnia species. |
| PubMed:Response of Argentine ants and red imported fire ants to permethrin-impregnated plastic strips: foraging rates, colonization of potted soil, and differential mortality. |
| PubMed:GerES IV pilot study: assessment of the exposure of German children to organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides. |
| PubMed:Molecular cloning, purification, and biochemical characterization of a novel pyrethroid-hydrolyzing esterase from Klebsiella sp. strain ZD112. |
| PubMed:Vapor phase toxicity of marjoram oil compounds and their related monoterpenoids to Blattella germanica (Orthoptera: Blattellidae). |
| PubMed:Purification and characterization of a novel pyrethroid hydrolase from Aspergillus niger ZD11. |
| PubMed:Effects of single and repeated exposure to biocidal active substances on the barrier function of the skin in vitro. |
| PubMed:Chiral stability of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. |
| PubMed:Potential estrogenic and antiandrogenic effects of permethrin in rats. |
| PubMed:Determination of pyrethroid residues in agricultural products by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. |
| PubMed:[Inhibitory effect of zinc on beta-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 cells by synthetic chemicals]. |
| PubMed:Hapten and antibody production for a sensitive immunoassay determining a human urinary metabolite of the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin. |
| PubMed:Determination of solid-liquid partition coefficients (K(d)) for diazinon, propetamphos and cis-permethrin: implications for sheep dip disposal. |
| PubMed:Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of permethrin residues from cucumber using a silica-bonded phase-coated stainless steel fibre. |
| PubMed:Attractancy and toxicity of an attracticide for Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). |
| PubMed:Relationship of treatment-resistant head lice to the safety and efficacy of pediculicides. |
| PubMed:Assessing estrogenic activity of pyrethroid insecticides using in vitro combination assays. |
| PubMed:Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the pyrethroid cypermethrin. |
| PubMed:Determination of pyrethrin and pyrethroid pesticides in urine and water matrixes by liquid chromatography with diode array detection. |
| PubMed:Determination of enantiomers of synthetic pyrethroids in water by solid phase microextraction - enantioselective gas chromatography. |
| PubMed:Transfer efficiencies of pesticides from household flooring surfaces to foods. |
| PubMed:[Utilization of school lunch dietary data to estimate theoretical maximum daily intake (TMDI) of selected pesticide residues]. |
| PubMed:Review of common therapeutic options in the United States for the treatment of pediculosis capitis. |
| PubMed:Application of solid-phase microextraction for the determination of pyrethroid residues in vegetable samples by GC-MS. |
| PubMed:Determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in processed fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography with electron capture and mass spectrometric detection. |
| PubMed:Recovery of synthetic pyrethroids in water samples during storage and extraction. |
| PubMed:Single-dose topical exposure to the pyrethroid insecticide, permethrin in C57BL/6N mice: effects on thymus and spleen. |
| PubMed:Comparison of five extraction methods for determination of incurred and added pesticides in dietary composites. |
| PubMed:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the pyrethroid deltamethrin. |
| PubMed:Multiresidue method for the analysis of multiclass pesticides in agricultural products by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:System-level responses of lake ecosystems to chemical stresses using exergy and structural exergy as ecological indicators. |
| PubMed:Effect of insecticides used in corn, sorghum, and alfalfa on the predator Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). |
| PubMed:Determination of residues of pyrethroid and organophosphorous ectoparasiticides in foods of animal origin. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of certain veterinary drug residues in food. |
| PubMed:Characterization of acaricide resistance in Rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille) (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from the Corozal Army Veterinary Quarantine Center, Panama. |
| PubMed:Topical permethrin exposure inhibits antibody production and macrophage function in C57Bl/6N mice. |
| PubMed:Reduction of pesticide residues on produce by rinsing. |
| PubMed:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the pyrethroid permethrin. |
| PubMed:The effects of pyridostigmine bromide and permethrin, alone or in combination, on response acquisition in male and female rats. |
| PubMed:A consideration of age-dependent differences in susceptibility to organophosphorus and pyrethroid insecticides. |
| PubMed:Binding capacity of various fibre to pesticide residues under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. |
| PubMed:Rapid preconcentration method for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in vegetable oils and butter fat and simultaneous determination by gas chromatography-electron capture detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Multiresidue gas chromatographic method for determining synthetic pyrethroid pesticides in agricultural products: collaborative study. |
| PubMed:Modulation of K+ transport across synaptosomes of rat brain by synthetic pyrethroids. |
| PubMed:Biological activity of permethrin, phenothrin/allerthrin and D-phenothrin on Periplaneta americana and Blattella germanica cockroaches. |
| PubMed:Capillary gas chromatographic determination of permethrin insecticide by transesterification. |
| PubMed:The role of the family physician in the day care setting. |
| PubMed:Determination of total free and glucose-conjugated 3-phenoxybenzyl alcohol residues in foods by gas chromatography with electron capture detection. |
| PubMed:A self-medicating applicator for control of ticks on deer. |
| PubMed:Modification of AOAC multiresidue method for determination of synthetic pyrethroid residues in fruits, vegetables, and grains. Part I: Acetonitrile extraction system and optimization of florisil cleanup and gas chromatography. |
| PubMed:Multiresidue liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of pyrethroid insecticides in fruits and vegetables. |
| PubMed:Modulation in acetylcholinesterase of rat brain by pyrethroids in vivo and an in vitro kinetic study. |
| PubMed:Cleanup with two Florisil columns for gas chromatographic determination of multiple pyrethroid insecticides in products of animal origin. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of monoamine oxidase-A of rat brain by pyrethroids--an in vitro kinetic study. |
| PubMed:Monitoring air, soil, stream and fish for aerial drift of permethrin. |
| PubMed:Toxicity of microencapsulated permethrin to selected nontarget aquatic invertebrates. |
| PubMed:Comparison of crotamiton 10% cream (Eurax) and permethrin 5% cream (Elimite) for the treatment of scabies in children. |
| PubMed:[Residue analysis of pyrethroid insecticides in cereal grains, milled fractions and bread]. |
| PubMed:Comparative effects of synthetic insecticides--endosulfan, phosalone and permethrin--on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algal cells. |
| PubMed:Pyrethroid effects on schedule-controlled behavior: time and dosage relationships. |
| PubMed:Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on operant responding maintained by food. |
| PubMed:Permethrin and its two metabolite residues in seven agricultural crops. |
| PubMed:Variation in cutaneous sensation between synthetic pyrethroid insecticides. |
| PubMed:Primary irritant contact dermatitis from synthetic pyrethroid insecticide exposure. |
| PubMed:[Effect of permethrin and borax in food poisons on selected insects of hygienic importance]. |
| PubMed:Application of a high-performance liquid chromatographic system with an on-line infrared detector to the residue analysis of permethrin. |
| PubMed:Pyrethroid effects on operant responding and feeding. |
| PubMed:Acute toxicity, bioconcentration, and persistence of AC 222,705, benthiocarb, chlorpyrifos, fenvalerate, methyl parathion, and permethrin in the estuarine environment. |
| PubMed:Application of the AOAC multi-residue method to determination of synthetic pyrethroid residues in celery and animal products. |
| PubMed:Analysis and persistence of permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and fenvalerate in the fat and brain of treated rats. |
| PubMed:Metabolites of cis- and trans-permethrin in lactating goats. |
| PubMed:In vitro metabolism of permethrin isomers by carp and rainbow trout liver microsomes. |
| PubMed:Metabolism of trans- and cis-permethrin, trans- and cis-cypermethrin, and decamethrin by microsomal enzymes. |
| PubMed:Distribution and metabolic fate of trans- and cis-permethrin in laying hens. |
| PubMed:Distribution and metabolism of trans- and cis-permethrin in lactating Jersey cows. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of isomeric 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2-hydroxymethyl-2-methylcyclopropanecarboxylic acids and other permethrin metabolites. |
| PubMed:Distribution and excretion rates of 14C-labeled permethrin isomers administered orally to four lactating goats for 10 days. |
| PubMed:Radiosynthesis and metabolism in rats of the 1R isomers of the insecticide permethrin. |
| PubMed:Permethrin metabolism in rats. |
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3D/inchi