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Category:pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | white to pale cream crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 220.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 570.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 442.00 °F. TCC ( 228.00 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 2.180 |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 81.96 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | | | water, 8.64 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 200 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD277-689
intravenous-mouse LD50 280 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 2, Pg. 44, 1960.
oral-mouse LD50 > 50000 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 2, Pg. 44, 1960.
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 2, Pg. 44, 1960.
intravenous-rat LD50 400 mg/kg
BLOOD: CHANGES IN CELL COUNT (UNSPECIFIED)
BLOOD: CHANGES IN BONE MARROW NOT INCLUDED ABOVE
Nature. Vol. 182, Pg. 1320, 1958.
oral-rat LD50 > 10000 mg/kg
Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 215, 1982.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
subcutaneous-mouse LD50 > 12000 mg/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 2, Pg. 44, 1960.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis |
| Recommendation for (+)-griseofulvin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for (+)-griseofulvin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
| | (2S,5'R)-7-chloro-3',4,6-trimethoxy-5'-methylspiro[1-benzofuran-2,4'-cyclohex-2-ene]-1',3-dione |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Pubchem (cid): | 441140 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134973200 |
Other Information:
| (IUPAC): | Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf) |
| Videos: | The Periodic Table of Videos |
| tgsc: | Atomic Weights use for this web site |
| (IUPAC): | Periodic Table of the Elements |
| CHEBI: | View |
| CHEMBL: | View |
| KEGG (GenomeNet): | C06686 |
| HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | Search |
| Export Tariff Code: | 2932.99.7000 |
| VCF-Online: | VCF Volatile Compounds in Food |
| ChemSpider: | View |
| Wikipedia: | View |
| EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: | Read Report |
| EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food: | Read Report |
| EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food: | Read Report |
Formulations/Preparations:
•dusts 1.5-3.5% wtwt for use at 75 lbacre. wettable powders, dispersible concentrates (soln in dimethyl formamide with dispersing agent). srp: not approved for use on crops in us.
•griseofulvin, usp (fulvicin uf, grifulvin v, grisactin), is marketed in capsules containing 125 or 250 mg & in tablets containing 125, 250, or 500 mg; it is also avail as oral suspension (125 mg5 ml). tablets incorporating ultramicrosized prepn (fulvicin pg, gris-peg) contain 125 or 250 mg of griseofulvin (equivalent to 250 or 500 mg of prepn...above).
•bioavailability of a 500 mg microsize formulation was compared to 2 new ultramicrosize formulations. one 330 mg ultramicrosize tablet is bioequivalent to 2 165 mg ultramicrosize tablets & either ultramicrosize dosage regimen is bioequivalent to 500 mg of the microsize formulation.[lin c et al; j int med res 10 (4): 274 (1982)] pubmed abstract
•the bioavailability of griseofulvin tablets spray dried with 20% methylcellulose was determined in 10 rabbits. compared to regular tablets, drug absorption was greater in the spray dried prepn.
•tablet, 250 mg, 500 mg; suspension, 250 mgml grifulvin v
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Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | amudane | | | biogrisin-FP | | (1'S,6'R)-7- | chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'-methylspiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-(2)cyclohexene)-3,4'-dione | | (1'S-trans)- 7- | chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'-methylspiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-cyclohex-2'-ene)-3,4'-dione | | 1'S-trans)- 7- | chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'-methylspiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-cyclohex-2'-ene)-3,4'-dione | | 7- | chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'beta-methylspiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-(2)cyclohexene)-3,4'-dione | | (2S,5'R)-7- | chloro-3',4,6-trimethoxy-5'-methylspiro[1-benzofuran-2,4'-cyclohex-2-ene]-1',3-dione | | 7- | chloro-4,6-dimethoxycoumaran-3-one-2-spiro-1'-(2'-methoxy-6'-methylcyclohex-2'-en-4'-one) | | 7- | chloro-4,6,2'-trimethoxy-6'-methylgris-2'-en-3,4'-dione | | | delmofulvina | | | fulcin | | | fulcine | | | fulvican grisactin | | | fulvicin | | | fulvicin bolus | | | fulvicin P/G | | | fulvicin P/G 165 | | | fulvicin P/G 330 | | | fulvicin-P/G | | | fulvicin-U/F | | | fulvicin-U/F Powder and Tablets | | | fulvidex | | | fulvina | | | fulvinil | | | fulvistatin | | | fungivin | | | greosin | | | gresfeed | | | gricin | | | grifulin | | | grifulvin | | | grifulvin V | | | gris-PEG | | | grisactin | | | grisactin ultra | | | grisactin V | | | griscofulvin | | | grisefuline | | | griseo | | | griseofulvin | | | griseofulvin [USP:INN:BAN:JAN] | | | griseofulvin [USP:INN] | | | griseofulvin forte | | | griseofulvin microsize | | | griseofulvin-forte | | | griseofulvina | | | griseofulvine | | | griseofulvinum | | | griseomix | | | grisetin | | | grisofulvin | | | grisovin | | | grizeofulvin | | | grysio | | | guservin | | | lamoryl | | | likuden | | | murfulvin | | | neo-fulcin | | | poncyl | | | spiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-(2)cyclohexene)-3,4'-dione, 7-chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'-methyl-, (1'S-trans)- | | | spiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-(2)cyclohexene)-3,4'-dione, 7-chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'-methyl-, (1'S,6'R)- | | | spiro(benzofuran-2(3H),1'-(2)cyclohexene)-3,4'-dione, 7-chloro-2',4,6-trimethoxy-6'-methyl-, (2S-trans)- | | | spirofulvin | | | ultragris-165 | | | ultragris-330 | | | xuanjing |
Articles:
| PubMed:An in vitro antibacterial and antifungal effects of cadmium(II) complexes of hexamethyltetraazacyclotetradecadiene and isomers of its saturated analogue. |
| PubMed:Effects of added surfactant on swelling and molecular transport in drug-loaded tablets based on hydrophobically modified poly(acrylic acid). |
| PubMed:Thermal gelation of aqueous hydroxypropylmethylcellulose solutions with SDS and hydrophobic drug particles. |
| PubMed:Metabolite profiling using liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the identification of a suitable marker and target matrix of griseofulvin use in bovines. |
| PubMed:Organized polysaccharide fibers as stable drug carriers. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of 4'-thiosemicarbazonegriseofulvin and its effects on the control of enzymatic browning and postharvest disease of fruits. |
| PubMed:Microscopic fungi recovered from honey and their toxinogenity. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and fungicidal activity of novel 3-(substituted/unsubstituted phenylselenonyl)-1-ribosyl/deoxyribosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole. |
| PubMed:Fungal toenail infections. |
| PubMed:Fungi on wheat bran and their toxinogenity. |
| PubMed:Relative bioavailability of griseofulvin lyophilized dry emulsion tablet vs. immediate release tablet: a single-dose, randomized, open-label, six-period, crossover study in healthy adult volunteers in the fasted and fed states. |
| PubMed:Fungal toenail infections. |
| PubMed:Improving the high variable bioavailability of griseofulvin by SEDDS. |
| PubMed:Modeling gastrointestinal drug absorption requires more in vivo biopharmaceutical data: experience from in vivo dissolution and permeability studies in humans. |
| PubMed:The assessment and management of tinea capitis in children. |
| PubMed:Fungi recovered from Slovakian poultry feed mixtures and their toxinogenity. |
| PubMed:Therapies for onychomycosis: a review. |
| PubMed:Mycological survey of ripped service tree fruits (Sorbus domestica L.) with an emphasis on toxinogenic fungi. |
| PubMed:Characterization of molds from dry-cured meat products and their metabolites by micellar electrokinetic capillary electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic DNA PCR. |
| PubMed:The systemic treatment of onychomycosis. |
| PubMed:Solid-state fermentation for production of griseofulvin on rice bran using Penicillium griseofulvum. |
| PubMed:Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of griseofulvin from the solid matrix obtained after solid-state fermentation. |
| PubMed:Determination of Penicillium mycotoxins in foods and feeds using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Food-drug interactions. |
| PubMed:Ciclopirox nail lacquer and podiatric practice. |
| PubMed:Oral griseofulvin remains the treatment of choice for tinea capitis in children. |
| PubMed:The evolving role of itraconazole, fluconazole and terbinafine in the treatment of tinea capitis. |
| PubMed:Use of propolis and ultragriseofulvin to inhibit aflatoxigenic fungi. |
| PubMed:[Influence of foods on the absorption of antimicrobial agents]. |
| PubMed:Current issues in onychomycosis. |
| PubMed:Update on the management of onychomycosis: highlights of the Third Annual International Summit on Cutaneous Antifungal Therapy. |
| PubMed:Estimation of the increase in solubility of drugs as a function of bile salt concentration. |
| PubMed:The systemic treatment of onychomycosis. |
| PubMed:Interactions of warfarin with drugs and food. |
| PubMed:Management errors leading to unnecessary hospitalization for kerion. |
| PubMed:Estrogen dose in oral contraceptives: FDA committee examines safety and utility of 50 mcg estrogen OCs. |
| PubMed:Pharmacokinetic optimisation of oral antifungal therapy. |
| PubMed:Influence of higher rates of agitation on release patterns of immediate-release drug products. |
| PubMed:Mycotoxins and mycotoxigenic moulds in nuts and sunflower seeds for human consumption. |
| PubMed:Is a diurnal rhythm in bioavailability caused by a rhythm in intestinal absorption? |
| PubMed:Differentiation of Penicillium griseofulvum Dierckx isolates by enzyme assays and by patulin and griseofulvin analyses. |
| PubMed:The bioavailability of griseofulvin from microsized and ultramicrosized tablets in nonfasting volunteers. |
| PubMed:In vitro dissolution profile of water-insoluble drug dosage forms in the presence of surfactants. |
| PubMed:Standardized high-performance liquid chromatography of 182 mycotoxins and other fungal metabolites based on alkylphenone retention indices and UV-VIS spectra (diode array detection). |
| PubMed:Cyclopiazonic acid production by cultures of Aspergillus and Penicillium species isolated from dried beans, corn meal, macaroni, and pecans. |
| PubMed:Indirect spectrophotometric methods for the determination of antibiotics with iodine or periodate, and metol and sulphanilamide. |
| PubMed:Metabolic mechanisms of drug-nutrient interactions. |
| PubMed:Bioavailability of griseofulvin plain tablets in stomach-emptying controlled rabbits and the correlation with bioavailability in humans. |
| PubMed:Pharmacologic review: a review of the literature of ketoconazole therapy in the treatment of tinea pedis and onychomycosis. |
| PubMed:Effect of food on the bioavailability of griseofulvin from microsize and PEG ultramicrosize (GRIS-PEG) plain tablets. |
| PubMed:Physiological criteria and mycotoxin production as AIDS in identification of common asymmetric penicillia. |
| PubMed:[Carcinogenic fungi (author's transl)]. |
| PubMed:[Foods as interfering factors in pharmacotherapy--shown by various examples]. |
| PubMed:Carcinogens occurring naturally in foods. |
| PubMed:Mycotoxin-producing potential of mold flora of dried beans. |
| PubMed:Brine shrimp (Artemia salina L.) larvae as a screening system for fungal toxins. |
| PubMed:NATURAL, METALLIC AND OTHER SUBSTANCES, AS CARCINOGENS. |
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3D/inchi