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Category:cosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Boiling Point: | 365.20 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| logP (o/w): | 7.050 |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 0.03771 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor Strength:none |
| Odor Description:at 100.00 %. faint fatty |
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | Xi - Irritant |
R 36 - Irritating to eyes.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
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| |
| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 280 mg/kg
Yakugaku Zasshi. Journal of Pharmacy. Vol. 104, Pg. 793, 1984.
oral-mouse LD50 > 50000 mg/kg
United States Patent Document. Vol. #3728459
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 > 50000 mg/kg
Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 4, Pg. 327, 1970.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | cosmetic, flavor and fragrance agents |
| RIFM Fragrance Material Safety Assessment: Search |
| IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice |
| |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 6 |
| Click here to view publication 6 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | 15.00000 |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 15.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | 15.00000 |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | 15.00000 |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | 15.00000 |
| fruit ices: | - | 15.00000 |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | 15.00000 |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | 15.00000 |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | 15.00000 |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
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Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 6 (FGE.06): Straight-and branched-chain aliphatic unsatured primary alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and esters from chemical groups 1 and 4
View page or View pdf
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Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC) on a request from the Commission related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 5: Esters of 23 branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and of one secondary alcohol, and 24 branched- and straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acids from chemical groups 1, 2, and 5
View page or View pdf
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Flavouring Group Evaluation 6, Revision 1 (FGE.06Rev1) - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf
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Flavouring Group Evaluation 5, Revision 1 (FGE.05Rev1):Esters of branched- and straight-chain aliphatic saturated primary alcohols and of one secondary alcohol, and branched- and straight-chain unsaturated carboxylic acids from chemical groups 1, 2, and 5 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000) [1] - Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf
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Flavouring Group Evaluation 29 (FGE29)[1] - Substance from the priority list: Vinylbenzene from chemical group 31 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf
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| EPI System: View |
| Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :9937654 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:1 |
| (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid; (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid |
| EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials |
References:
| | (9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid; (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 60-33-3 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 9937654 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134972931 |
| Pherobase: | View |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
| | antistatic agents |
| | emollients |
| | hair conditioning |
| | skin conditioning |
| | surfactants |
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | linoleic (48%) and linolenic (52%) acids | | | linoleic and linolenic acid (mixture) | | | linolenic (52%) acids and linoleic (48%) | | | octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid and octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid | | (9Z,12Z)- | octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid; (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid | | | octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid and octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid | | | octadecadienoic acid (48%) + 9,12- & 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (52%) | | 9,12- | octadecadienoic acid (48%) and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid (52%) | | 9,12,15- | octadecatrienoic acid (52%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (48%) |
Articles:
| PubMed:Subcutaneous adipose fatty acid profiles and related rumen bacterial populations of steers fed red clover or grass hay diets containing flax or sunflower-seed. |
| PubMed:Effects of 1-year intervention with a mediterranean diet on plasma Fatty acid composition and metabolic syndrome in a population at high cardiovascular risk. |
| PubMed:Types of oilseed and adipose tissue influence the composition and relationships of polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation products in steers fed a grass hay diet. |
| PubMed:Protective effects of dietary PUFA against chronic disease: evidence from epidemiological studies and intervention trials. |
| PubMed:Oxylipins generation in Lactobacillus helveticus in relation to unsaturated fatty acid supplementation. |
| PubMed:Fatty acid profile, color and lipid oxidation of meat from young bulls fed ground soybean or rumen protected fat with or without monensin. |
| PubMed:Jacaric acid is rapidly metabolized to conjugated linoleic acid in rats. |
| PubMed:At line prediction of PUFA and biohydrogenation intermediates in perirenal and subcutaneous fat from cattle fed sunflower or flaxseed by near infrared spectroscopy. |
| PubMed:Determination of thermally induced trans-fatty acids in soybean oil by attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography analysis. |
| PubMed:Fatty acid profile, trans-octadecenoic, α-linolenic and conjugated linoleic acid contents differing in certified organic and conventional probiotic fermented milks. |
| PubMed:A 4-week repeated oral dose toxicity study of dairy fat naturally enriched in vaccenic, rumenic and α-linolenic acids in rats. |
| PubMed:Influence of colour type and previous cultivation on secondary metabolites in hypocotyls and leaves of maca (Lepidium meyenii Walpers). |
| PubMed:Improving the fatty acid profile of dairy cow milk by combining grazing with feeding of total mixed ration. |
| PubMed:Prooxidant activity of oxidized alpha-tocopherol in vegetable oils. |
| PubMed:Incorporation and metabolism of punicic acid in healthy young humans. |
| PubMed:Punicic acid from Trichosanthes kirilowii seed oil is rapidly metabolized to conjugated linoleic acid in rats. |
| PubMed:Oxidative stability of conjugated linolenic acids. |
| PubMed:Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and phytosterol composition in six Tunisian olive varieties. |
| PubMed:Effects of cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA isomers on liver and adipose tissue fatty acid profile in hamsters. |
| PubMed:Analysis of alpha-linolenic acid biohydrogenation intermediates in milk fat with emphasis on conjugated linolenic acids. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory action of conjugated C18-fatty acids on DNA polymerases and DNA topoisomerases. |
| PubMed:Alpha-eleostearic acid (9Z11E13E-18:3) is quickly converted to conjugated linoleic acid (9Z11E-18:2) in rats. |
| PubMed:Recommended methods of fatty acid methylester preparation for conjugated dienes and trienes in food and biological samples. |
| PubMed:Methods for analysis of conjugated linoleic acids and trans-18:1 isomers in dairy fats by using a combination of gas chromatography, silver-ion thin-layer chromatography/gas chromatography, and silver-ion liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Influence of harvest date and crop yield on the fatty acid composition of virgin olive oils from cv. Picual. |
| PubMed:Tumor growth suppression by alpha-eleostearic acid, a linolenic acid isomer with a conjugated triene system, via lipid peroxidation. |
| PubMed:Comparative methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate oxidation in the presence of bovine serum albumin at several lipid/protein ratios. |
| PubMed:The metabolic conversion of 9,11,13-eleostearic acid (18:3) to 9,11-conjugated linoleic acid (18:2) in the rat. |
| PubMed:Nutritional profile of food yeast Kluyveromyces fragilis biomass grown on whey. |
| PubMed:Purification of hydroperoxide lyase from green bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruits for the generation of C6-aldehydes in vitro. |
| PubMed:Extension of AOAC Official Method 996.01 to the analysis of Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1846 and infant formulas. |
| PubMed:Fatty acid composition of lipids in sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) berries of different origins. |
| PubMed:Linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids differently modify the effects of elaidic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and some immune indices in rats. |
| PubMed:Comparative hypocholesterolemic effects of capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris dabbenei) oil, horse oil, and sardine oil in cholesterol-fed rats. |
| PubMed:Simultaneous determination of acrolein, malonaldehyde and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal produced from lipids oxidized with Fenton's reagent. |
| PubMed:Medium-chain triacylglycerols in formulas for preterm infants: effect on plasma lipids, circulating concentrations of medium-chain fatty acids, and essential fatty acids. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory effect of 2"-O-glycosyl isovitexin and alpha-tocopherol on genotoxic glyoxal formation in a lipid peroxidation system. |
| PubMed:Influence of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis)-seed oil containing cis-5,cis-9,cis-12-octadecatrienoic acid on polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism, eicosanoid production and blood pressure of rats. |
| PubMed:Application of the balance method to determining accumulation, metabolism, and apparent oxidation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids in the pregnant rat. |
| PubMed:Dietary linoleic, alpha-linolenic and oleic acids are oxidized at similar rates in rats fed a diet containing these acids in equal proportions. |
| PubMed:Carotenoid scavenging of radicals. Effect of carotenoid structure and oxygen partial pressure on antioxidative activity. |
| PubMed:Low zinc intake increases apparent oxidation of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids in the pregnant rat. |
| PubMed:Borage or primrose oil added to standardized diets are equivalent sources for gamma-linolenic acid in rats. |
| PubMed:Arachidonic acid concentrations in plasma and liver phospholipid and cholesterol esters of piglets raised on formulas with different linoleic and linolenic acid contents. |
| PubMed:Determination of the optimal ratio of linoleic acid to alpha-linolenic acid in infant formulas. |
| PubMed:Long chain omega 3 polyunsaturates in formula-fed term infants. |
| PubMed:Alpha-linolenic acid: functions and effects on linoleic acid metabolism and eicosanoid-mediated reactions. |
| PubMed:Effects of dietary oleic, linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids on blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins and the formation of eicosanoid precursors in patients with mild essential hypertension. |
| PubMed:[Does food affect brain functions?]. |
| PubMed:The requirements and utilization of dietary fatty acids in the newborn infant. |
| PubMed:The effects of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on the composition of nerve membranes, enzymatic activity, amplitude of electrophysiological parameters, resistance to poisons and performance of learning tasks in rats. |
| PubMed:FDA alert on evening primrose oil. |
| PubMed:[A supplement with poly-unsaturated nutrients in the development and stabilization of the rat brain]. |
| PubMed:Linoleic acid and linolenic acid: effect on permeability properties of cultured endothelial cell monolayers. |
| PubMed:[Current recommendations concerning rational use of fats. II. Value of polyunsaturated fatty acids from the n-6 and n-3 groups and general recommendations]. |
| PubMed:Effects of dietary poly-unsaturated fatty acids on tracheal histaminergic and cholinergic responsiveness in experimental models of bronchial hypersensitivity and hyperreactivity. |
| PubMed:Comparison of the metabolism of linoleic and linolenic acids in the fetal rat. |
| PubMed:Pain, prostaglandins, and food lipids. Influences of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on eicosanoid synthesis and effects. |
| PubMed:Increased requirements for essential fatty acids in atopic individuals: a review with clinical descriptions. |
| PubMed:Mutagenicity tests of lipid oxidation products in Salmonella typhimurium: monohydroperoxides and secondary oxidation products of methyl linoleate and methyl linolenate. |
| PubMed:[Nutrition physiology studies with formula diets: metabolism of multiple unsaturated fatty acids and prostaglandin biosynthesis in the human]. |
| PubMed:Dietary fat, prostaglandins and the immune response. |
| PubMed:Volatile lipid oxidation products. |
| PubMed:Decrease in essential fatty acid content of edible fats during the frying process. |
| PubMed:Cardiovascular effects of linoleic acid. |
| PubMed:Haemostatic function and polyunsaturated fatty acids. |
| PubMed:Effects of all cis-5,8,11,14,17 eicosapentaenoic acid and PGH3 on platelet aggregation. |
| PubMed:Anorectic activity of prostaglandin precursors. |
| PubMed:Improved procedures for the isolation of pure oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids or their methyl esters from natural sources. |
| PubMed:Specific inhibition of hepatic fatty acid synthesis exerted by dietary linoleate and linolenate in essential fatty acid adequate rats. |
| PubMed:Essential fatty acid requirements in infancy. |
| PubMed:Essential fatty acids and fetal brain growth. |
| PubMed:Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the mammalian brain. |
| PubMed:Differences in the amount and range of volatile carbonyl compounds formed by lipoxygenase isoenzymes from soybeans. |
| PubMed:Lipid autoxidation in precooked dehydrated sweet potato flakes stored in air. |
| PubMed:The component fatty acids of Aspergillus ochraceus fat. |
| PubMed:[Results of comparative analyses of linoleic and linolenic acids in the laboratories of CSSR]. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of modern foods as sources of lipids. In: lipids, malnutrition & the developing brain. |
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3D/inchi