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peonidin
1-benzopyrylium, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-, chloride (1:1)

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Name:2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3,5,7-triol;chloride
CAS Number: 134-01-0Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:205-125-6
FDA UNII: D0O766G47B
MDL:MFCD00017587
Molecular Weight:336.72681000
Formula:C16 H13 Cl O6
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:information only not used for fragrances or flavors
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
Soluble in:
 water, 65.32 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
peonidin 98%
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Peonidin chloride 98%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Peonidin chloride is a flavonoid with antioxidant activity.
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Peonidin chloride >99%
 
Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
information only not used for fragrances or flavors
Recommendation for peonidin usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for peonidin flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :164544
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3,5,7-triol;chloride
Chemidplus:0000134010
 
References:
 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3,5,7-triol;chloride
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):164544
Pubchem (sid):135119890
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C08726
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB05797
FooDB:FDB002753
YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database):YMDB01765
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 banana inflorescence
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 bilberry fruit
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 bilberry leaf
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 blueberry fruit
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 cherry sour cherry fruit
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 grape concord grape
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 grape fruit
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 grape pericarp
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 oregano plant
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 pea flower
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 potato sweet potato plant
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 wine red wine
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Synonyms:
1-benzopyrylium, 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-, chloride (1:1)
2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)chromenylium-3,5,7-triol;chloride
 peonidin chloride
3,4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-3'-methoxy-2-phenylbenzopyrylium chloride
3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-, chloride
3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-benzopyrylium chloride
 

Articles:

PubMed:Changes in anthocyanins and volatile components of purple sweet potato fermented alcoholic beverage during aging.
PubMed:Characterization of Wild Blueberry Polyphenols Bioavailability and Kinetic Profile in Plasma over 24-hour Period in Human Subjects.
PubMed:Comparative analysis of pigments in red and yellow banana fruit.
PubMed:Inheritance analysis and mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling individual anthocyanin compounds in purple barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grains.
PubMed:Changes in anthocyanidin levels during the maturation of color-fleshed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) tubers.
PubMed:Anthocyanins inhibit tumor necrosis alpha-induced loss of Caco-2 cell barrier integrity.
PubMed:A UHPLC method for the rapid separation and quantification of anthocyanins in acai berry and dry blueberry extracts.
PubMed:Spontaneous variation regarding grape berry skin color: A comprehensive study of berry development by means of biochemical and molecular markers.
PubMed:Interactive effects of gallic/ferulic/caffeic acids and anthocyanins on pigment thermal stabilities.
PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of table and Port red wine anthocyanins: a crossover trial in healthy men.
PubMed:Anthocyanin condensed forms do not affect color or chemical stability of purple corn pericarp extracts stored under different pHs.
PubMed:Optimisation of pulsed electric fields extraction of anthocyanin from Beibinghong Vitis Amurensis Rupr.
PubMed:Profiling of anthocyanins in transgenic purple-fleshed sweet potatoes by HPLC-MS/MS.
PubMed:Separation and purification of polyphenols from red wine extracts using high speed counter current chromatography.
PubMed:The effects of gallic/ferulic/caffeic acids on colour intensification and anthocyanin stability.
PubMed:Aronia berry polyphenol consumption reduces plasma total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in former smokers without lowering biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress: a randomized controlled trial.
PubMed:CRISPRi-mediated metabolic engineering of E. coli for O-methylated anthocyanin production.
PubMed:Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco L.) anthocyanins exert anti-inflammatory activity in human colon cancer and non-malignant colon cells.
PubMed:Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction, Centrifugation and Ultrafiltration: Multistage Process for Polyphenol Recovery from Purple Sweet Potatoes.
PubMed:Effect of post-harvest treatment on bioactive phytochemicals of Thai black rice.
PubMed:HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(2) analytical profile of extracts obtained from purple sweet potato after green ultrasound-assisted extraction.
PubMed:Bioavailability of anthocyanins and colonic polyphenol metabolites following consumption of aronia berry extract.
PubMed:Effect on in vitro starch digestibility of Mexican blue maize anthocyanins.
PubMed:Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in berry skin, pulp, and seeds in 13 grapevine varieties grown in Serbia.
PubMed:[The antioxidant activity of the products of processing of red grape of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Saperavi].
PubMed:Modelling the stability of maltodextrin-encapsulated grape skin phenolics used as a new ingredient in apple puree.
PubMed:High concentrations of aromatic acylated anthocyanins found in cauline hairs in Plectranthus ciliatus.
PubMed:Anthocyanin profiling of Berberis lycium Royle berry and its bioactivity evaluation for its nutraceutical potential.
PubMed:Anthocyanins in cardioprotection: A path through mitochondria.
PubMed:Eugenia jambolana (Java Plum) Fruit Extract Exhibits Anti-Cancer Activity against Early Stage Human HCT-116 Colon Cancer Cells and Colon Cancer Stem Cells.
PubMed:Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of kernel anthocyanins from southwestern United States blue corn.
PubMed:Identification and Quantitation of Anthocyanins in Purple-Fleshed Sweet Potatoes Cultivated in China by UPLC-PDA and UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS.
PubMed:An efficient method for high-purity anthocyanin isomers isolation from wild blueberries and their radical scavenging activity.
PubMed:Anthocyanin contents in the seed coat of black soya bean and their anti-human tyrosinase activity and antioxidative activity.
PubMed:Comparison of polyphenol, anthocyanin and antioxidant capacity in four varieties of Lonicera caerulea berry extracts.
PubMed:Conventional, ultrasound-assisted, and accelerated-solvent extractions of anthocyanins from purple sweet potatoes.
PubMed:Anthocyanin copigmentation and color of wine: The effect of naturally obtained hydroxycinnamic acids as cofactors.
PubMed:Metabolomics of Lonicera caerulea fruit during ripening and its relationship with color and antioxidant activity.
PubMed:Digestion property and synergistic effect on biological activity of purple rice (Oryza sativa L.) anthocyanins subjected to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion in vitro.
PubMed:Contribution of Monomeric Anthocyanins to the Color of Young Red Wine: Statistical and Experimental Approaches.
PubMed:Refractance Window™ drying of haskap berry--preliminary results on anthocyanin retention and physicochemical properties.
PubMed:Identification of Vitis vinifera L. grape berry skin color mutants and polyphenolic profile.
PubMed:An analytical pipeline to compare and characterise the anthocyanin antioxidant activities of purple sweet potato cultivars.
PubMed:Pre-drying and submerged cap winemaking: Effects on polyphenolic compounds and sensory descriptors. Part II: BRS Carmem and Bordô (Vitis labrusca L.).
PubMed:Plasma bioavailability and regional brain distribution of polyphenols from apple/grape seed and bilberry extracts in a young swine model.
PubMed:Anthocyanin Profile in Berries of Wild and Cultivated Vaccinium spp. along Altitudinal Gradients in the Alps.
PubMed:Pre-drying and submerged cap winemaking: Effects on polyphenolic compounds and sensory descriptors. Part I: BRS Rúbea and BRS Cora.
PubMed:Effects of defoliation on quality attributes of Nero di Troia (Vitis vinifera L.) grape and wine.
PubMed:Profiling the metabolome changes caused by cranberry procyanidins in plasma of female rats using (1) H NMR and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS global metabolomics approaches.
PubMed:From rice bag to table: Fate of phenolic chemical compositions and antioxidant activities in waxy and non-waxy black rice during home cooking.
PubMed:Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of anthocyanins from haskap berries (Lonicera caerulea L.) using Response Surface Methodology.
PubMed:The simple determination method for anthocyanidin aglycones in fruits using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Antioxidant activities and antiproliferative activity of Thai purple rice cooked by various methods on human colon cancer cells.
PubMed:Adhesion of Asaia bogorensis to Glass and Polystyrene in the Presence of Cranberry Juice.
PubMed:Characterisation and stability of anthocyanins in purple-fleshed sweet potato P40.
PubMed:Identification and quantification of anthocyanins in fruits from Neomitranthes obscura (DC.) N. Silveira an endemic specie from Brazil by comparison of chromatographic methodologies.
PubMed:Study on the interaction of artificial and natural food colorants with human serum albumin: A computational point of view.
PubMed:New acylated anthocyanins from purple yam and their antioxidant activity.
PubMed:Association between modification of phenolic profiling and development of wine color during alcohol fermentation.
PubMed:Flavonoid metabolites reduce tumor necrosis factor-α secretion to a greater extent than their precursor compounds in human THP-1 monocytes.
PubMed:Winery by-products: extraction optimization, phenolic composition and cytotoxic evaluation to act as a new source of scavenging of reactive oxygen species.
PubMed:Uptake and bioavailability of anthocyanins and phenolic acids from grape/blueberry juice and smoothie in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed:Pre-heating and polyphenol oxidase inhibition impact on extraction of purple sweet potato anthocyanins.
PubMed:Processing method and corn cultivar affected anthocyanin concentration from dried distillers grains with solubles.
PubMed:Effect of extrusion on phytochemical profiles in milled fractions of black rice.
PubMed:Methyl jasmonate foliar application to Tempranillo vineyard improved grape and wine phenolic content.
PubMed:Anthocyanins and antioxidant capacities of six Chilean berries by HPLC-HR-ESI-ToF-MS.
PubMed:Physicochemical characterisation of four cherry species (Prunus spp.) grown in China.
PubMed:Bioactive potential of Vitis labrusca L. grape juices from the Southern Region of Brazil: phenolic and elemental composition and effect on lipid peroxidation in healthy subjects.
PubMed:Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of breeding lines between the white and black rice.
PubMed:Evolution of phenolic compounds and sensory in bottled red wines and their co-development.
PubMed:Black rice (Oryza sativa L.) extracts induce osteoblast differentiation and protect against bone loss in ovariectomized rats.
PubMed:On the use of Ethephon as abscising agent in cv. Crimson Seedless table grape production: combination of Fruit Detachment Force, Fruit Drop and metabolomics.
PubMed:Tissue bioavailability of anthocyanins from whole tart cherry in healthy rats.
PubMed:A food frequency questionnaire validated for estimating dietary flavonoid intake in an Australian population.
PubMed:A comparison of fruit quality parameters of wild bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) growing at different locations.
PubMed:Temporal and spatial regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis provide diverse flower colour intensities and patterning in Cymbidium orchid.
PubMed:Genetic variability in anthocyanin composition and nutritional properties of blue, purple, and red bread (Triticum aestivum L.) and durum (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. turgidum convar. durum) wheats.
PubMed:Protective effect of anthocyanidins against sodium dithionite-induced hypoxia injury in C6 glial cells.
PubMed:Isolation and structural elucidation of anthocyanidin 3,7-β-O-diglucosides and caffeoyl-glucaric acids from calafate berries.
PubMed:Phenolic composition, antioxidant properties, and endothelial cell function of red and white cranberry fruits.
PubMed:Anthocyanins, phenolic acids and antioxidant properties of Juçara fruits (Euterpe edulis M.) along the on-tree ripening process.
PubMed:Studies on the preparative isolation and stability of seven main anthocyanins from Yan 73 grape.
PubMed:Antioxidative and cardioprotective properties of anthocyanins from defatted dabai extracts.
PubMed:Profiling polyphenols of two diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca) inbred lines using UHPLC-HRMS(n.).
PubMed:Analysis of anthocyanins in powdered berry extracts by planar chromatography linked with bioassay and mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Phytochemicals in fruits of Hawaiian wild cranberry relatives.
PubMed:Black rice and anthocyanins induce inhibition of cholesterol absorption in vitro.
PubMed:Phenolic acids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains at four stages of development after flowering.
PubMed:Tuning color variation in grape anthocyanins at the molecular scale.
PubMed:Characterisation of phenolic compounds in wild fruits from Northeastern Portugal.
PubMed:Phytochemical profiles of black, red, brown, and white rice from the Camargue region of France.
PubMed:Optimisation of aqueous two-phase extraction of anthocyanins from purple sweet potatoes by response surface methodology.
PubMed:Phytochemical profile of a Japanese black-purple rice.
PubMed:Anthocyanins profile, total phenolics and antioxidant activity of black currant ethanolic extracts as influenced by genotype and ethanol concentration.
PubMed:Postharvest stilbenes and flavonoids enrichment of table grape cv Redglobe (Vitis vinifera L.) as affected by interactive UV-C exposure and storage conditions.
PubMed:Role of anthocyanin-enriched purple-fleshed sweet potato p40 in colorectal cancer prevention.
PubMed:Fruit quality and bioactive compounds relevant to human health of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cultivars grown in Italy.
PubMed:Identification of antimutagenic properties of anthocyanins and other polyphenols from rose (Rosa centifolia) petals and tea.
PubMed:Antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) and identification of the major anthocyanins.
PubMed:Effects of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) in combination with lactic acid bacteria on intestinal oxidative stress induced by ischemia-reperfusion in mouse.
PubMed:Anthocyanin-rich purple wheat prolongs the life span of Caenorhabditis elegans probably by activating the DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor.
PubMed:Evolution of flavonoids in Mouratón berries taken from both bunch halves.
PubMed:Phenolic compounds and bioactivities of pigmented rice.
PubMed:Purple corn color inhibition of prostate carcinogenesis by targeting cell growth pathways.
PubMed:Identification and thermal stability of purple-fleshed sweet potato anthocyanins in aqueous solutions with various pH values and fruit juices.
PubMed:Synthesis, isolation, structure elucidation, and color properties of 10-acetyl-pyranoanthocyanins.
PubMed:Diversity of phenolic profiles in the fruit skin of Prunus domestica plums and related species.
PubMed:Anti-oxidative analysis, and identification and quantification of anthocyanin pigments in different coloured rice.
PubMed:Liquid chromatographic/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric study of polyphenolic composition of four cultivars of Fragaria vesca L. berries and their comparative evaluation.
PubMed:Susceptibility of anthocyanins to ex vivo degradation in human saliva.
PubMed:Phytochemicals in fruits of two Prunus domestica L. plum cultivars during ripening.
PubMed:Optimization of the extraction of anthocyanins from the fruit skin of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk and identification of anthocyanins in the extract using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS).
PubMed:Formation of vitisins and anthocyanin-flavanol adducts during red grape drying.
PubMed:Different localization patterns of anthocyanin species in the pericarp of black rice revealed by imaging mass spectrometry.
PubMed:HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis of flavonoid compounds in 5 seedless table grapes grown in Apulian Region.
PubMed:Anthocyanin-rich açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) fruit pulp fractions attenuate inflammatory stress signaling in mouse brain BV-2 microglial cells.
PubMed:Potential anti-inflammatory, anti-adhesive, anti/estrogenic, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of anthocyanins and their gut metabolites.
PubMed:Oxidative comparison of emulsion systems from fish oil-based structured lipid versus physically blended lipid with purple-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) extracts.
PubMed:Identification of (poly)phenolic compounds in concord grape juice and their metabolites in human plasma and urine after juice consumption.
PubMed:Anthocyanin composition and extractability in berry skin and wine of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Aglianico.
PubMed:Inhibitory effects of muscadine anthocyanins on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase activities.
PubMed:Soluble and bound phenolic compounds in different Bolivian purple corn ( Zea mays L.) cultivars.
PubMed:Determination of cranberry phenolic metabolites in rats by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Phenolics in Slovenian bilberries ( Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberries ( Vaccinium corymbosum L.).
PubMed:Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity in seed coats of 60 Chinese black soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) varieties.
PubMed:Estimation of the intake of anthocyanidins and their food sources in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
PubMed:Food grade lingonberry extract: polyphenolic composition and in vivo protective effect against oxidative stress.
PubMed:Switching to black rice diets modulates low-density lipoprotein oxidation and lipid measurements in rabbits.
PubMed:Influence of growing season on phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of grape berries from vines grown in subtropical climate.
PubMed:New phenolic grape skin products from Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot Noir.
PubMed:Purple rice extract and anthocyanidins of the constituents protect against light-induced retinal damage in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed:Optimization of conditions for anthocyanin hydrolysis from red wine using response surface methodology (RSM).
PubMed:Characterization and quantification of polyphenols in Amazon grape (Pourouma cecropiifolia Martius).
PubMed:Structure elucidation of peonidin 3,7-o-β-diglucoside isolated from Garnacha Tintorera (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes.
PubMed:Preparative isolation of anthocyanins from Japanese purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties by high-speed countercurrent chromatography.
PubMed:Anthocyanins profile of grape berries of Vitis amurensis, its hybrids and their wines.
PubMed:Anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, and antioxidant activity in roots of different chinese purple-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes.
PubMed:Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of black rice bran of different commercially available varieties.
PubMed:Retention of antioxidant capacity of vacuum microwave dried cranberry.
PubMed:Microencapsulation by spray-drying of anthocyanin pigments from Corozo ( Bactris guineensis) fruit.
PubMed:Phenolics and anthocyanins in berries of European cranberry and their antimicrobial activity.
PubMed:Identification and characterization of anthocyanins in yard-long beans (Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis L.) by High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS) analysis.
PubMed:An examination of anthocyanins' and anthocyanidins' affinity for cannabinoid receptors.
PubMed:Proximate and polyphenolic characterization of cranberry pomace.
PubMed:Characterization of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS/MS.
PubMed:Anthocyanin and flavonol variation in bog bilberries (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) in Finland.
PubMed:Functional new acylated sophoroses and deglucosylated anthocyanins in a fermented red vinegar.
PubMed:Red-color related phenolic composition of Garnacha Tintorera (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes and red wines.
PubMed:Effect of processing on the flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity of Citrus hystrix leaf.
PubMed:Characterization of anthocyanins in caucasian blueberries (Vaccinium arctostaphylos L.) native to Turkey.
PubMed:Influence of cooking on anthocyanins in black rice (Oryza sativa L. japonica var. SBR).
PubMed:Changes of anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, and antioxidant activity in bilberry extract during dry heating.
PubMed:Eugenia jambolana Lam. berry extract inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of human breast cancer but not non-tumorigenic breast cells.
PubMed:Anthocyanins as lipoxygenase inhibitors.
PubMed:Anthocyanin degradation of blueberry-aronia nectar in glass compared with carton during storage.
PubMed:Anthocyanin composition of wild bananas in Thailand.
PubMed:Composition and thermal stability of anthocyanins from chinese purple corn ( Zea mays L.).
PubMed:Simulated digestion and antioxidant activity of red wine fractions separated by high speed countercurrent chromatography.
PubMed:Identification of Cabernet Sauvignon anthocyanin gut microflora metabolites.
PubMed:Antioxidant capacity of seed coat, dehulled bean, and whole black soybeans in relation to their distributions of total phenolics, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, and isoflavones.
PubMed:Total phenolics, phenolic acids, isoflavones, and anthocyanins and antioxidant properties of yellow and black soybeans as affected by thermal processing.
PubMed:Dietary flavonoid sources in Australian adults.
PubMed:Characterization and quantification of anthocyanins in grape juices obtained from the grapes cultivated in Korea by HPLC/DAD, HPLC/MS, and HPLC/MS/MS.
PubMed:Protective effects of purple grape juice on carbon tetrachloride-induced oxidative stress in brains of adult Wistar rats.
PubMed:Serum C-reactive protein concentrations are inversely associated with dietary flavonoid intake in U.S. adults.
PubMed:Molar absorptivities and reducing capacity of pyranoanthocyanins and other anthocyanins.
PubMed:Anthocyanins present in selected tropical fruits: acerola, jambolão, jussara, and guajiru.
PubMed:Effects of growing conditions on purple corncob (Zea mays L.) anthocyanins.
PubMed:Limited stability in cell culture medium and hydrogen peroxide formation affect the growth inhibitory properties of delphinidin and its degradation product gallic acid.
PubMed:Influence of vine vigor on grape (Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Pinot Noir) anthocyanins. 2. Anthocyanins and pigmented polymers in wine.
PubMed:Influence of vine vigor on grape (Vitis vinifera L. Cv. Pinot Noir) anthocyanins. 1. Anthocyanin concentration and composition in fruit.
PubMed:Anthocyanins in berries of ribes including gooseberry cultivars with a high content of acylated pigments.
PubMed:Anthocyanins in wild blueberries of Quebec: extraction and identification.
PubMed:Effect of anthocyanin fractions from selected cultivars of Georgia-grown blueberries on apoptosis and phase II enzymes.
PubMed:Effect of storage conditions on the biological activity of phenolic compounds of blueberry extract packed in glass bottles.
PubMed:Flavonoid content of U.S. fruits, vegetables, and nuts.
PubMed:Effect of shading on accumulation of flavonoid compounds in (Vitis vinifera L.) pinot noir fruit and extraction in a model system.
PubMed:Bioavailability and tissue distribution of anthocyanins in bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) extract in rats.
PubMed:Absorption of anthocyanins from blueberry extracts by caco-2 human intestinal cell monolayers.
PubMed:Polyphenols in wild and weedy Mexican common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).
PubMed:Concentrations of anthocyanins in common foods in the United States and estimation of normal consumption.
PubMed:Unravelling the total antioxidant capacity of pinotage wines: contribution of phenolic compounds.
PubMed:Characterization and quantification of anthocyanins in selected artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) cultivars by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn.
PubMed:New flavanol-anthocyanin condensed pigments and anthocyanin composition in guatemalan beans (Phaseolus spp.).
PubMed:Screening for anthocyanins using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with precursor-ion analysis, product-ion analysis, common-neutral-loss analysis, and selected reaction monitoring.
PubMed:Sweet and sour cherry phenolics and their protective effects on neuronal cells.
PubMed:Anthocyanins from bay (Laurus nobilis L.) berries.
PubMed:Effect of red grapes co-winemaking in polyphenols and color of wines.
PubMed:Probing anthocyanin profiles in purple sweet potato cell line (Ipomoea batatas L. Cv. Ayamurasaki) by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Anthocyanins in aged blueberry-fed rats are found centrally and may enhance memory.
PubMed:Effects of anthocyanidin on the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells.
PubMed:Anthocyanin metabolism in rats and their distribution to digestive area, kidney, and brain.
PubMed:Identification and characterization of anthocyanins by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry in common foods in the United States: vegetables, nuts, and grains.
PubMed:Systematic identification and characterization of anthocyanins by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS in common foods in the United States: fruits and berries.
PubMed:Effects of grape cell culture extracts on human topoisomerase II catalytic activity and characterization of active fractions.
PubMed:Identification of anthocyanins in Rhamnus alaternus L. berries.
PubMed:Ectopic expression of anthocyanin 5-o-glucosyltransferase in potato tuber causes increased resistance to bacteria.
PubMed:Metabolic pathway of cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside in rats.
PubMed:Characterization of anthocyanins and pyranoanthocyanins from blood orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] juice.
PubMed:Comparison of anthocyanin pigment and other phenolic compounds of Vaccinium membranaceum and Vaccinium ovatum native to the Pacific Northwest of North America.
PubMed:Identification of flavonoids in Hakmeitau beans (Vigna sinensis) by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS).
PubMed:Effect of the maceration technique on the relationships between anthocyanin composition and objective color of Syrah wines.
PubMed:Absorption of acylated anthocyanins in rats and humans after ingesting an extract of Ipomoea batatas purple sweet potato tuber.
PubMed:Analysis of flavonoids and other phenolic compounds using high-performance liquid chromatography with coulometric array detection: relationship to antioxidant activity.
PubMed:Biosynthesis and characterization of 14C-enriched flavonoid fractions from plant cell suspension cultures.
PubMed:Characterization and quantification of anthocyanins and polyphenolics in bluehHoneysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.).
PubMed:Comparison of HPLC methods for determination of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in bilberry extracts.
PubMed:Effect of ripeness and postharvest storage on the phenolic profiles of Cherries (Prunus avium L.).
PubMed:Fruit maturity and juice extraction influences ellagic acid derivatives and other antioxidant polyphenolics in muscadine grapes.
PubMed:Contribution of individual polyphenolics to total antioxidant capacity of plums.
PubMed:Flavonols and anthocyanins of bush butter, Dacryodes edulis (G. Don) H.J. Lam, fruit. changes in their composition during ripening.
PubMed:Detection of peonidin and pelargonidin glycosides in black carrots (Daucus carota ssp. sativus var. atrorubens Alef.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Quantification of polyphenolics and their antioxidant capacity in fresh plums.
PubMed:Anthocyanidins inhibit activator protein 1 activity and cell transformation: structure-activity relationship and molecular mechanisms.
PubMed:Characterization of anthocyanins from the fruits of baguaçu (Eugenia umbelliflora Berg).
PubMed:Quality and enhancement of bioactive phenolics in cv. Napoleon table grapes exposed to different postharvest gaseous treatments.
PubMed:Black rice (Oryza sativa L. indica) pigmented fraction suppresses both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in chemical and biological model systems.
PubMed:Inhibition of proliferation of human cancer cells and cyclooxygenase enzymes by anthocyanidins and catechins.
PubMed:Antioxidant activity of the anthocyanin from carrot (Daucus carota) callus culture.
PubMed:Adsorption of anthocyanins by yeast cell walls during the fermentation of red wines.
PubMed:Characterization of anthocyanins in grape juices by ion trap liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Antioxidant activity of anthocyanins and their aglycons.
PubMed:Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of phenolics in blueberries, cranberries, chokeberries, and lingonberries.
PubMed:Anti-hyperglycemic effect of diacylated anthocyanin derived from Ipomoea batatas cultivar Ayamurasaki can be achieved through the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory action.
PubMed:Varietal differences among the polyphenol profiles of seven table grape cultivars studied by LC-DAD-MS-MS.
PubMed:Absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins in elderly women after consumption of elderberry or blueberry.
PubMed:Blackberry anthocyanins are slightly bioavailable in rats.
PubMed:Anthocyanins from black currants (Ribes nigrum L.).
PubMed:Direct absorption of acylated anthocyanin in purple-fleshed sweet potato into rats.
PubMed:Inhibitory effects of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds on nitric oxide production in LPS/IFN-gamma-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages.
PubMed:Screening for potential pigments derived from anthocyanins in red wine using nanoelectrospray tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Determination of anthocyanidins in berries and red wine by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Antioxidant capacities and phenolics levels of French wines from different varieties and vintages.
PubMed:Anthocyanins from maize (Zea mays) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea).
PubMed:Preparative isolation of anthocyanins by high-speed countercurrent chromatography and application of the color activity concept to red wine.
PubMed:alpha-Glucosidase inhibitory action of natural acylated anthocyanins. 2. alpha-Glucosidase inhibition by isolated acylated anthocyanins.
PubMed:Effect of postharvest ultraviolet irradiation on resveratrol and other phenolics of cv. Napoleon table grapes.
PubMed:Comparison of anthocyanin distribution in different blueberry sources by capillary zone electrophoresis.
PubMed:Direct intestinal absorption of red fruit anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, into rats and humans.
PubMed:Six Diacylated Anthocyanins from the Storage Roots of Purple Sweet Potato, Ipomoea batatas.
PubMed:Effects of low nitrate and high sugar concentrations on anthocyanin content and composition of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cell suspension.
 
Notes:
a cox-2 inhibitor with protein kinase inhibitory and phytogenic antineoplastic activities. Widespread anthocyanin found esp. in concord grapes, blueberries, cherries and red table wines Peonidin is an anthocyanidin, and a primary plant pigment. Peonidin gives purplish-red hues to flowers such as the peony, from which it takes its name, and roses. It is also present in some blue flowers, such as the morning glory.
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