EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

sennoside A
(9,9'-bianthracene)-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid, 5,5'-bis(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-9,9',10,10'-tetrahydro-4,4'-dihydroxy-10,10'-dioxo-, (R*,R*)-

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 81-27-6Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:201-339-9
FDA UNII: 2F1O30GVXH
Nikkaji Web:J209.363D
Beilstein Number:5723746
MDL:MFCD00151527
XlogP3-AA:1.20 (est)
Molecular Weight:862.74886000
Formula:C42 H38 O20
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:natural substances and extractives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point:1144.80 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 659.00 °F. TCC ( 348.60 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 1.880 (est)
Soluble in:
 water, 0.04086 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Sennoside A 98%
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Sennoside A
ExtraSynthese
For experimental / research use only.
Sennoside A (HPLC) ≥97%
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Sennoside A
Sigma-Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
Sennoside A
analytical standard
 
Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for sennoside A usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for sennoside A flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :73111
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
Chemidplus:0000081276
 
References:
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):73111
Pubchem (sid):135029096
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C10404
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB34317
FooDB:FDB012669
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 rhubarb
Search PMC Picture
 rhubarb root
Search Trop Picture
 
Synonyms:
(9,9'-bianthracene)-2,2'-dicarboxylic acid, 5,5'-bis(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-9,9',10,10'-tetrahydro-4,4'-dihydroxy-10,10'-dioxo-, (R*,R*)-
 

Articles:

PubMed:Micropropagation and validation of genetic and biochemical fidelity amongst regenerants of Cassia angustifolia Vahl employing RAPD marker and HPLC.
PubMed:Monitoring of 29 weight loss compounds in foods and dietary supplements by LC-MS/MS.
PubMed:Rheinanthrone, a metabolite of sennoside A, triggers macrophage activation to decrease aquaporin-3 expression in the colon, causing the laxative effect of rhubarb extract.
PubMed:Simultaneous analysis and quantification of markers of manjisthadi churna using high performance thin layer chromatography.
PubMed:Commentary on 'Osmotic and stimulant laxatives for the management of childhood constipation'.
PubMed:Cochrane Review: Osmotic and stimulant laxatives for the management of childhood constipation (Review).
PubMed:Chemical differentiation of Da-Cheng-Qi-Tang, a Chinese medicine formula, prepared by traditional and modern decoction methods using UPLC/Q-TOFMS-based metabolomics approach.
PubMed:Bioactivities and serum pharmacochemistry of Qi-Wei-Xiao-Yan-Tang.
PubMed:The influence of rhein 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside on the purgative action of sennoside A from rhubarb in mice.
PubMed:Study on spectrum-effect relationship of rhizoma Rhei, cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, fructus Aurantii Immaturus and their formula.
PubMed:Usefulness of sennoside as an agent for mechanical bowel preparation prior to elective colon cancer surgery.
PubMed:Constipation and aspiration pneumonia.
PubMed:Berberine increases the expression of NHE3 and AQP4 in sennosideA-induced diarrhoea model.
PubMed:[Analysis on changes of purgative biopotency in different processed products of rhubarb].
PubMed:Promotion of intestinal peristalsis by Bifidobacterium spp. capable of hydrolysing sennosides in mice.
PubMed:Inhibition of antigen trafficking through scavenger receptor A.
PubMed:Chemical-based species classification of rhubarb using simultaneous determination of five bioactive substances by HPLC and LDA analysis.
PubMed:High-performance liquid chromatographic determination and metabolic study of sennoside a in daiokanzoto by mouse intestinal bacteria.
PubMed:The influence of glycyrrhiza and antibiotics on the purgative action of sennoside a from Daiokanzoto in mice.
PubMed:Exposure to sennoside-digoxin interaction and risk of digoxin toxicity: a population-based nested case-control study.
PubMed:[Determination of sennoside A and sennoside B simultaneously in health food by HPLC].
PubMed:Prospective randomized comparison of oral sodium phosphate and sennoside A+B calcium lavage for colonoscopy preparation.
PubMed:Ultra-performance LC-photodiode array-eλ-ESI-MS/MS screening method for the detection of radical-scavenging natural antioxidants from radix et rhizoma Rhei.
PubMed:Effects of optimized-SopungSunkiwon on memory impairment and enhancement.
PubMed:Acute hemorrhagic colitis following administration of sennosides for colon cleansing.
PubMed:Simple and rapid analysis of sennoside A and sennoside B contained in crude drugs and crude drug products by solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Simultaneous analysis of nine components in patch preparations of Ru-Yi-Jin-Huang-San by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:[Study on processed senna found in health teas].
PubMed:Stimulatory action of mitemcinal (GM-611), an acid-resistant non-peptide motilin receptor agonist, on colonic motor activity and defecation: spontaneous and mitemcinal-induced giant migrating contractions during defecation in dogs.
PubMed:Sennoside B inhibits PDGF receptor signaling and cell proliferation induced by PDGF-BB in human osteosarcoma cells.
PubMed:Development of eastern blotting technique for sennoside A and sennoside B using anti-sennoside A and anti-sennoside B monoclonal antibodies.
PubMed:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for total sennosides using anti-sennside A and anti-sennoside B monoclonal antibodies.
PubMed:Efficacy of prokinetic agents in improving bowel preparation for colonoscopy.
PubMed:[Determination of five primary chemical constituents in Cassia angustifolia by HPLC].
PubMed:Production, characterization of a monoclonal antibody against aristolochic acid-II and development of its assay system.
PubMed:A comparison of sennosides-based bowel protocols with and without docusate in hospitalized patients with cancer.
PubMed:Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis caused by sennoside in a patient with multiple myeloma.
PubMed:The anthraquinone derivative Emodin ameliorates neurobehavioral deficits of a rodent model for schizophrenia.
PubMed:Regionally differential effects of sennoside A on spontaneous contractions of colon in mice.
PubMed:Transport of sennosides and sennidines from Cassia angustifolia and Cassia senna across Caco-2 monolayers--an in vitro model for intestinal absorption.
PubMed:[Comparative studies on purgative potency among three spieces of certified rhubarb].
PubMed:Determination of 19 rhubarb constituents by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of anthraquinones in rhubarb by high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis.
PubMed:Increasing sennoside yields in tinnevelly senna (Cassia angustifolia) I: effects of drought, foliar nitrogen spray and crop type.
PubMed:[Bowel lavage solutions: are senosidos A+B harmless?].
PubMed:The bowel cleansing for colonoscopy. A randomized trial comparing three methods.
PubMed:Anthranoid laxatives influence the absorption of poorly permeable drugs in human intestinal cell culture model (Caco-2).
PubMed:Analysis of phenolic compounds in rhubarbs using liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Erythema multiforme-like drug eruption caused by sennoside.
PubMed:Liquid chromatographic determination of sennosides in Cassia angustifolia leaves.
PubMed:Sennosides A and B production by hairy roots of Senna alata (L.) Roxb.
PubMed:Safety and efficacy of NT, an herbal supplement, in treating human obesity.
PubMed:Advice needed.
PubMed:Combined low volume polyethylene glycol solution plus stimulant laxatives versus standard volume polyethylene glycol solution: a prospective, randomized study of colon cleansing before colonoscopy.
PubMed:The influence of the sennosides on absorption of glycyrrhetic acid in rats.
PubMed:Insulin sensitizing and alpha-glucoamylase inhibitory action of sennosides, rheins and rhaponticin in Rhei Rhizoma.
PubMed:High-performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous quantification of eight major biologically active ingredients in 'Da-Chai-Hu-Tang' preparation.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of anthraquinones, their 8-beta-D-glucosides, and sennosides of Rhei Rhizoma by capillary electrophoresis.
PubMed:[Determination of sennoside A in rhubarb extracts by HPLC].
PubMed:[Determination of sennosides and degraded products in the process of sennoside metabolism by HPLC].
PubMed:In vitro studies on guar gum based formulation for the colon targeted delivery of Sennosides.
PubMed:[Development of rapid and sensitive screening methods for natural products using specific monoclonal antibodies].
PubMed:Compatibility of sennoside A and B with pharmaceutical excipients.
PubMed:A case of interstitial granulomatous drug reaction due to sennoside.
PubMed:Development of a one-step immunochromatographic strip test for the detection of sennosides A and B.
PubMed:[Comparison of the effectiveness and tolerability of the saccharosum-sennosid-B solution and sodium-picosulfate in preparation for colonoscopy. Prospective, multicenter, randomized study].
PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of rhein from Onpi-to, an Oriental herbal medicine, in rats.
PubMed:Validated HPLC method for determination of sennosides A and B in senna tablets.
PubMed:An improved method for the analysis of sennosides in Cassia angustifolia by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:[Origin of sennosides in health teas including Malva leaves].
PubMed:Production of monoclonal antibodies against a major purgative component, sennoside B, their characterization and use in ELISA.
PubMed:Apoptosis induction by sennoside laxatives in man; escape from a protective mechanism during chronic sennoside use?
PubMed:[The effects of kampo-formulation and the constituting crude drugs, prescribed for the treatment of peptic ulcer on H,K-ATPase activity].
PubMed:[Intestinal preparation with an osmotic solution for edema with double contrast media].
PubMed:Prospective randomized trial comparing bowel cleaning preparations for colonoscopy.
PubMed:Calcium polycarbophil, a water absorbing polymer, increases bowel movement and prevents sennoside-induced diarrhea in dogs.
PubMed:[The double-contrast enema. The Genoa technic between tradition and progress].
PubMed:Amitriptyline-induced constipation in cynomolgus monkeys is beneficial for the evaluation of laxative efficacy.
PubMed:Estimation of individual sennosides in plant materials and marketed formulations by an HPTLC method.
PubMed:Significant increase in prostaglandin E-main urinary metabolite by laxative administration: comparison with ulcerative colitis.
PubMed:A blinded, randomized comparison of a novel, low-dose, triple regimen with fleet phospho-soda: a study of colon cleanliness, speed and success of colonoscopy.
PubMed:Does senna extract promote growth of aberrant crypt foci and malignant tumors in rat colon?
PubMed:[Comparative study of the use of sennoside A and B vs polyethylene glycol and electrolytes in anterograde preparation of the colon].
PubMed:Do magnesium ions influence barium mucosal coating of the large bowel?
PubMed:Review article: anthranoid laxatives and their potential carcinogenic effects.
PubMed:Bowel preparation for the double-contrast barium enema: how to maintain coating with cleansing?
PubMed:A new magnesium-containing PEG-electrolyte solution for the oral lavage of the colon.
PubMed:[Determination of sennoside A and sennoside B in formulation using capillary electrophoresis].
PubMed:The effect of sennosides on bacterial translocation and survival in a model of acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.
PubMed:Genotoxicity of sennosides on the bone marrow cells of mice.
PubMed:Analysis of sennosides A and B from Dieter's tea by HPLC-diode array spectrophotometry and negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry.
PubMed:The effect of sennosides on colonic mucosal histology and bowel preparation.
PubMed:Randomized comparison of two preoperative methods for preparation of the colon: oral administration of a solution of polyethylene glycol plus electrolytes and total parenteral nutrition.
PubMed:Correction of outflow obstruction with the use of sennosides in CAPD patients.
PubMed:Purification and characterization of a novel sennoside-hydrolyzing beta-glucosidase from Bifidobacterium sp. strain SEN, a human intestinal anaerobe.
PubMed:A sennoside-hydrolyzing beta-glucosidase from Bifidobacterium sp. strain SEN is inducible.
PubMed:[Use of sennosides A + B in the preparation of the colon for endoscopy].
PubMed:Evaluation of the potential carcinogenic activity of Senna and Cascara glycosides for the rat colon.
PubMed:[The mechanism of action of sennosides].
PubMed:[Sennosides Reference Standard (Control 951) of the National Institute of Health Sciences].
PubMed:Antibacterial activity of bowel-cleansing agents: implications of antibacteroides activity of senna.
PubMed:[Effects of emodin, sennosides and rheum polysaccharides on free calcium in isolated rat liver cells].
PubMed:[High performance liquid chromatographic determination of sennoside A in maren pills].
PubMed:Determination of eight constituents of hsiao-cheng-chi-tang by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:[Effects of sennosides, rhubarb polysaccharides and emodin on the cytoplasmic free calcium in isolated rat brain cells].
PubMed:Potassium supplements prevent serious hypokalaemia in colon cleansing.
PubMed:Study of various rhubarbs regarding the cathartic effect and endotoxin-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation.
PubMed:Isolation of a human intestinal anaerobe, Bifidobacterium sp. strain SEN, capable of hydrolyzing sennosides to sennidins.
PubMed:Sennoside-induced secretion is not caused by changes in mucosal permeability or Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity.
PubMed:Analytics of senna drugs with regard to the toxicological discussion of anthranoids.
PubMed:Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of anthranoids.
PubMed:Serotonin antagonists inhibit sennoside-induced fluid secretion and diarrhea.
PubMed:Anthranoids and the mucosal immune system of the colon.
PubMed:Suppression of the purgative action of rhein anthrone, the active metabolite of sennosides A and B, by calcium channel blockers, calmodulin antagonists and indomethacin.
PubMed:Two-year carcinogenicity study with sennosides in the rat: emphasis on gastro-intestinal alterations.
PubMed:Sennosides and aloin do not promote dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal tumors in mice.
PubMed:The senna drug and its chemistry.
PubMed:Light and electron-microscopic changes in the colon of the guinea pig after treatment with anthranoid and non-anthranoid laxatives.
PubMed:Chronic sennoside treatment does not cause habituation and secondary hyperaldosteronism in rats.
PubMed:In vivo motility of rat colon chronically pretreated with sennosides.
PubMed:Effects of long-term sennoside treatment on in vitro motility of rat colon.
PubMed:Sennoside-induced secretion and its relevance for the laxative effect.
PubMed:Cleavages of the O- and C-glucosyl bonds of anthrone and 10,10'-bianthrone derivatives by human intestinal bacteria.
PubMed:Rhein and aloe-emodin kinetics from senna laxatives in man.
PubMed:Effects of sennosides and nonanthranoid laxatives on cytochemistry of epithelial cells in rat colon.
PubMed:[Effects of sennosides on cellular electric activities in smooth muscle cells of guinea pig taenia coli].
PubMed:[Identification and determination of marker substances in niuhuang jiedu pian by three dimensional HPLC].
PubMed:Bowel preparation for the total colonoscopy by 2,000 ml of balanced lavage solution (Golytely) and sennoside.
PubMed:Influence of rhein anthrone and rhein on small intestine transit rate in rats: evidence of prostaglandin mediation.
PubMed:[The effects of dachengqi decoction, shaogan decoction, emodin and sennoside on the histamine level of intestinal mucosa in intestinally obstructed rats].
PubMed:[Determination of sennoside A in oriental pharmaceutical decoctions containing Rhei Rhizoma by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography].
PubMed:A trial to assess the effectiveness of bowel preparation prior to intravenous urography.
PubMed:[Are drugs with anthranoid group harmful or non-harmful laxatives?].
PubMed:Suppression of the purgative action of rhein anthrone, the active metabolite of sennosides A and B, by indomethacin in rats.
PubMed:Perfusion of rat colon with sennosides, rhein and rheinanthrone. Concentration-related histamine release.
PubMed:[Electromyography of the human colon].
PubMed:The sennoside constituents of rhei rhizoma and sennae folium as inhibitors of serum monoamine oxidase.
PubMed:Effects of sennosides on colonic myoelectrical activity in man.
PubMed:Effects of sennosides A + B and bisacodyl on rat large intestine.
PubMed:Sennosides do not kill myenteric neurons in the colon of the rat or mouse.
PubMed:Changes in colonic motility induced by sennosides in dogs: evidence of a prostaglandin mediation.
PubMed:The effect of different storage conditions on the chemical stability, laxative effect and acute toxicity of sennoside solutions.
PubMed:Tissue culture of rhubarb and isolation of sennosides from the callus.
PubMed:Combined manometric and radiological study of the changes in colonic motility induced by sennosides in rats.
PubMed:In vitro effects of anthraquinones on rat intestine and uterus.
PubMed:Effect of sennosides and related compounds on intestinal transit in the rat.
PubMed:Effect of sennosides on colon motility in cats.
PubMed:Milk transfer of rhein in the rhesus monkey.
PubMed:Evaluation of the effects of sennosides on uterine motility in the pregnant ewe.
PubMed:Long-term mucosal alterations by sennosides and related compounds.
PubMed:Electron microscopical studies on rat intestine after long-term treatment with sennosides.
PubMed:Toxic effects of sennosides in laboratory animals and in vitro.
PubMed:Metabolism of sennosides by human intestinal bacteria.
PubMed:New aspects on the metabolism of the sennosides.
PubMed:Metabolism of sennosides--an overview.
PubMed:Sennosides and human colonic motility.
PubMed:Effect of sennosides on colon motility in dogs.
PubMed:Studies in the field of drugs containing anthraquinone derivatives. XXXVI. The metabolism of cascarosides by intestinal bacteria.
PubMed:Prostaglandin-mediated action of sennosides.
PubMed:Involvement of prostaglandin E-like material in the purgative action of rhein anthrone, the intraluminal active metabolite of sennosides A and B in mice.
PubMed:Rapid and simple determination of sennoside A and B in rhei rhizoma by ion-pair high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Non-enzymatic reduction of sennidins and sennosides by reduced flavin.
PubMed:Effect of changing transit time on colonic microbial metabolism in man.
PubMed:Irritable bowel-type symptoms in spontaneous and induced constipation.
PubMed:[Mode of action of anthraquinone laxatives on the rat].
PubMed:Reproductive toxicological investigations with sennosides.
PubMed:[Clinical effect and experimental study on folium Sennae in acute gastroduodenal hemorrhage].
PubMed:Dual effect of orally administered sennosides on large intestine transit and fluid absorption in the rat.
PubMed:Acceleration of large intestine transit time in rats by sennosides and related compounds.
PubMed:[Determination of anthraquinone derivatives in rhubarb grown for export].
PubMed:Enzymatic reduction of sennidin and sennoside in Peptostreptococcus intermedius.
PubMed:Isolation of a new aloe-emodin dianthrone diglucoside from senna and its potentiating effect on the purgative activity of sennoside A in mice.
PubMed:Comparative physiological disposition of some anthraquinone glycosides and aglycones.
PubMed:Decrease of cholesterol and triglycerides serum levels by metoclopramide and by sennosides.
PubMed:[Acute hemorrhagic colitis following administration of sennosides A and B].
PubMed:Ultrastructure of mouse intestinal mucosa and changes observed after long term anthraquinone administration.
PubMed:[High performance liquid chromatography of the evolution of sennosides A and B in solution].
PubMed:[Measurement of the intestinal clearance of alpha 1-antitrypsin and the exchangeable potassium pool in elderly patients treated with anthraquinone glycosides].
PubMed:A physiological appraisal of polyethylene glycol and a balanced electrolyte solution as bowel preparation.
PubMed:Anthraquinone-induced clubbing associated with laxative abuse.
PubMed:Mutagenicity of anthraquinones in the Salmonella preincubation test.
PubMed:Sennosides and carbohydrates in developing pods of Cassia species.
PubMed:Left-sided colonoscopy in screening programs. What preparation?
PubMed:Metabolism of sennosides by intestinal flora.
PubMed:Faecal peritonitis after laxative preparation for barium enema.
PubMed:Faecal peritonitis after laxative preparation for barium enema.
PubMed:Qualitative and quantitative interactions between the sennosides and some human intestinal bacteria.
PubMed:The metabolism of sennosides A and B by the intestinal microflora: in vitro and in vivo studies on the rat and the mouse.
PubMed:Potentiating effect of sennoside C on purgative activity of sennoside A in mice.
PubMed:High-pressure liquid chromatographic analysis of sennosides A and B purgative drugs.
PubMed:A screening method for establishing laxative abuse.
PubMed:Formation and distribution of sennosides in Cassia angustifolia, as determined by a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay.
PubMed:Effects of sodium picosulfate, bisacodyl and sennoside in cultured human, rat and rabbit liver cells.
PubMed:Metabolism of sennosides by human intestinal bacteria.
PubMed:Spectrophotometric estimation of sennosides and rhein glycosides in senna and its preparations.
PubMed:[Simple, safe and effective method of intestinal cleansing without enemas].
PubMed:Analytical studies on the active constituents in crude drugs. IV. Determination of sennosides in senna and formulations by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:[A preliminary study of the correlation between phylogeny, chemical constituents and therapeutic effects of Rheum species].
PubMed:Metabolic activation of sennoside A in mice.
PubMed:Effect of ricinoleic acid and other laxatives on net water flux and prostaglandin E release by the rat colon.
PubMed:[Isolation and structural definition of a new sennoside from Cassia senna L. (author's transl)].
PubMed:[Transport and mode of action of sennosides].
PubMed:The diffusion of sennoside A through a cellulose membrane.
PubMed:[Quantitative chromatographic determination of the active principles of senna (sennoside A, sennoside B)].
PubMed:LAXATIVE EFFECT OF SENNOSIDE A AND PLACEBO IN A DOUBLE-BLIND CROSS-OVER TEST.
PubMed:[Postoperative use of sennoside A and B].
 
Notes:
Cathartic principle from rhubarb
Please share your Comments.
Email Address:
Top of Page Home
Copyright © 1980-2021 The Good Scents Company (tgsc) ™ Disclaimer Privacy Policy