EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

chlortetracycline
aureocyclin

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 57-62-5Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):103651-17-8
FDA UNII: WCK1KIQ23Q
Nikkaji Web:J4.583G
MDL:MFCD00864876
XlogP3:-1.30 (est)
Molecular Weight:478.88491000
Formula:C22 H23 Cl N2 O8
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Appearance:white crystalline solid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 168.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 821.08 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 843.00 °F. TCC ( 450.40 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -0.620
Soluble in:
 water, 630 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
 water, 615.7 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Chlortetracycline
Sigma-Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
Chlortetracycline Selective Supplement
 
Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intravenous-dog LD50 150 mg/kg
"Handbook of Toxicology," 4 vols., Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1956-59Vol. 5, Pg. 52, 1959.

oral-dog LD50 750 mg/kg
Antimicrobial Agents Annual. Vol. -, Pg. 595, 1960.

intraperitoneal-guinea pig LDLo 1800 mg/kg
Antibiotiki. Vol. 20, Pg. 793, 1975.

intravenous-mouse LD50 134 mg/kg
Antibiotics and Chemotherapy Vol. 6, Pg. 623, 1956.

oral-mouse LD50 1500 mg/kg
Antimicrobial Agents Annual. Vol. -, Pg. 595, 1960.

intraperitoneal-mouse LDLo 192 mg/kg
Compilation of LD50 Values of New Drugs.

intravenous-rat LD50 118 mg/kg
Antibiotics and Chemotherapy Vol. 6, Pg. 623, 1956.

intraperitoneal-rat LDLo 335 mg/kg
Compilation of LD50 Values of New Drugs.

oral-rat LDLo 3000 mg/kg
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. Vol. 17, Pg. 497, 1969.

Dermal Toxicity:
subcutaneous-mouse LDLo 3000 mg/kg
Antibiotics and Chemotherapy Vol. 6, Pg. 623, 1956.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis
Recommendation for chlortetracycline usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for chlortetracycline flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Review of substances/agents that have direct beneficial effect on the environment: mode of action and assessment of efficacy
View page or View pdf

Maximum levels of cross-contamination for 24 antimicrobial active substances in non-target feed. Part 12: Tetracyclines: tetracycline, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
Daily Med:search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):57-62-5
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :54676345
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:1
(4S,4aS,6S,12aR)-7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide
Chemidplus:0000057625
RTECS:QI7750000 for cas# 57-62-5
 
References:
 (4S,4aS,6S,12aR)-7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):54676345
Pubchem (sid):134971023
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
MedlinePlusSupp:View
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 not found in nature
 
Synonyms:
 aureocyclin
 aureomycin A-377
 biomycin
(4S,4aS,6S,12aR)-7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,6,10,11,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-3,12-dioxo-4,4a,5,5a-tetrahydrotetracene-2-carboxamide
 chlorotetracycline
7-chlorotetracycline
 chlortetracyclinum
 duomycin
 flamycin
2-naphthacenecarboxamide, 7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-
2-naphthacenecarboxamide, 7-chloro-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,6,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-, (4S,4aS,5aS,6S,12aS)-
 uromycin
 

Articles:

PubMed:Elimination patterns of worldwide used sulfonamides and tetracyclines during anaerobic fermentation.
PubMed:Quantitative Campylobacter spp., antibiotic resistance genes, and veterinary antibiotics in surface and ground water following manure application: Influence of tile drainage control.
PubMed:6-Iso-chlortetracycline or keto form of chlortetracycline? Need for clarification for relevant monitoring of chlortetracycline residues in food.
PubMed:Transport of three veterinary antimicrobials from feedlot pens via simulated rainfall runoff.
PubMed:Effects of chlortetracycline and copper supplementation on the prevalence, distribution, and quantity of antimicrobial resistance genes in the fecal metagenome of weaned pigs.
PubMed:Microbiological bioassay using Bacillus pumilus to detect tetracycline in milk.
PubMed:Sperm volumetric dynamics during in vitro capacitation process in bovine spermatozoa.
PubMed:Determination of selected veterinary antimicrobials in poultry excreta by UHPLC-MS/MS, for application in Salmonella control programs.
PubMed:Distribution and accumulative pattern of tetracyclines and sulfonamides in edible vegetables of cucumber, tomato, and lettuce.
PubMed:Oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chlortetracycline and doxycycline in pasteurised cow's milk commercialised in Brazil.
PubMed:Implementation of the Bacillus cereus microbiological plate used for the screening of tetracyclines in raw milk samples with STAR protocol - the problem with false-negative results solved.
PubMed:A novel electrochemiluminescence tetracyclines sensor based on a Ru(bpy)₃²⁺-doped silica nanoparticles/Nafion film modified electrode.
PubMed:Effects of chitosan on intestinal inflammation in weaned pigs challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
PubMed:Effect of Origanum chemotypes on broiler intestinal bacteria.
PubMed:Comparative study of sperm washing and selection methods after cryopreservation and its influence on sperm subpopulational structure in a bovine model.
PubMed:Impact of treatment strategies on cephalosporin and tetracycline resistance gene quantities in the bovine fecal metagenome.
PubMed:Acute maduramicin toxicosis in pregnant gilts.
PubMed:Unravelling a vicious circle: animal feed marketed in Costa Rica contains irregular concentrations of tetracyclines and abundant oxytetracycline-resistant Gram-positive bacteria.
PubMed:Use of pharmacokinetic modeling to assess antimicrobial pressure on enteric bacteria of beef cattle fed chlortetracycline for growth promotion, disease control, or treatment.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of 14 sulfonamides and tetracyclines in biogas plants by liquid-liquid-extraction and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Bacteria, phages and pigs: the effects of in-feed antibiotics on the microbiome at different gut locations.
PubMed:A quantum dot-based immunoassay for screening of tetracyclines in bovine muscle.
PubMed:[Cellular response of freshwater green algae to the toxicity of tetracycline antibiotics].
PubMed:Time to deal with antibiotics.
PubMed:Uptake of zwitterionic antibiotics by rice (Oryza sativa L.) in contaminated soil.
PubMed:Antimicrobial resistance trends among Escherichia coli isolates obtained from dairy cattle in the northeastern United States, 2004-2011.
PubMed:Antibiotic uptake by vegetable crops from manure-applied soils.
PubMed:Planar chromatography mediated screening of tetracycline and fluoroquinolone antibiotics in milk by fluorescence and mass selective detection.
PubMed:An indirect competitive assay-based aptasensor for detection of oxytetracycline in milk.
PubMed:Effects of dietary administering chitosan on growth performance, jejunal morphology, jejunal mucosal sIgA, occludin, claudin-1 and TLR4 expression in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
PubMed:Determinative and confirmatory method for residues of tetracyclines in honey by LC-MS/MS.
PubMed:Escherichia coli tetracycline efflux determinants in relation to tetracycline residues in chicken.
PubMed:Characterization of tetracycline resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from feedlot cattle administered therapeutic or subtherapeutic levels of tetracycline.
PubMed:Effect of antimicrobial growth promoter administration on the intestinal microbiota of beef cattle.
PubMed:Antimicrobial resistance trends among Salmonella isolates obtained from dairy cattle in the northeastern United States, 2004-2011.
PubMed:Treatment of shoulder ulcers in sows - rubber mats and zinc ointment compared to chlortetracycline spray.
PubMed:Chemical residues and contaminants in foods of animal origin in Korea during the past decade.
PubMed:High-performance liquid chromatography using pressurized liquid extraction for the determination of seven tetracyclines in egg, fish and shrimp.
PubMed:Production of monoclonal antibody against doxycycline for immunoassay of seven tetracyclines in bovine muscle and milk.
PubMed:Absence of tetracycline resistance in Campylobacter coli isolates from Finnish finishing pigs treated with chlortetracycline.
PubMed:Evaluation and validation of two microbiological tests for screening antibiotic residues in honey according to the European guideline for the validation of screening methods.
PubMed:In vitro development and transfer of resistance to chlortetracycline in Bacillus subtilis.
PubMed:Development and validation of a liquid chromatographic/ tandem mass spectrometric method for determination of chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and doxycycline in animal feeds.
PubMed:Antibiotic resistance of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Chinese yogurts.
PubMed:A novel green chemistry method for nonaqueous extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography detection of first-, second-, and third-generation tetracyclines, 4-epitetracycline, and tylosin in animal feeds.
PubMed:A molecularly imprinted photonic polymer sensor with high selectivity for tetracyclines analysis in food.
PubMed:Plasma disposition and tissue depletion of chlortetracycline in the food producing animals, chickens for fattening.
PubMed:Determination of tetracycline residues in chicken meat by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Use estimates of in-feed antimicrobials in swine production in the United States.
PubMed:Hog Charm II tetracycline test screening results compared with a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry 10-μg/kg method.
PubMed:Antibiotics in feed induce prophages in swine fecal microbiomes.
PubMed:Dietary supplementation with the probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum I5007 and the antibiotic aureomycin differentially affects the small intestinal proteomes of weanling piglets.
PubMed:In-house validation of PremiTest, a microbiological screening test with solvent extraction, for the detection of antimicrobial residues in poultry muscles.
PubMed:Frequency of antibiotic resistance in a swine facility 2.5 years after a ban on antibiotics.
PubMed:Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter spp. in live and dressed chicken in Jordan.
PubMed:Persistence of antibiotic resistance: evaluation of a probiotic approach using antibiotic-sensitive Megasphaera elsdenii strains to prevent colonization of swine by antibiotic-resistant strains.
PubMed:Chlortetracycline-resistant intestinal bacteria in organically raised and feral Swine.
PubMed:Rapid and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunochromatographic assay for the detection of chlortetracycline residues in edible animal tissues.
PubMed:Investigation of sulfonamide, tetracycline, and quinolone antibiotics in vegetable farmland soil in the Pearl River Delta area, southern China.
PubMed:Administration of probiotics influences F4 (K88)-positive enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli attachment and intestinal cytokine expression in weaned pigs.
PubMed:Development of a quantitative multiclass/multiresidue method for 21 veterinary drugs in shrimp.
PubMed:Online coupling of molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction to HPLC for determination of trace tetracycline antibiotic residues in egg samples.
PubMed:Distribution and characterization of ampicillin- and tetracycline-resistant Escherichia coli from feedlot cattle fed subtherapeutic antimicrobials.
PubMed:Veterinary antimicrobials in feedlot manure: dissipation during composting and effects on composting processes.
PubMed:Rates and determinants of antimicrobial use, including extra-label, on Ontario sheep farms.
PubMed:Residual veterinary antibiotics in swine manure from concentrated animal feeding operations in Shandong Province, China.
PubMed:Development of an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence inhibition method for the determination of tetracyclines.
PubMed:Distribution and transferability of tetracycline resistance determinants in Escherichia coli isolated from meat and meat products.
PubMed:Longitudinal characterization of antimicrobial resistance genes in feces shed from cattle fed different subtherapeutic antibiotics.
PubMed:Spectrophotometric study of the interaction between chlorotetracycline and bovine serum albumin using Eosin Y as site marker with the aid of chemometrics.
PubMed:Occurrence of veterinary antibiotics in animal wastewater and surface water around farms in Jiangsu Province, China.
PubMed:Pilot survey of commercial pasteurized milk consumed in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for tetracyclines residues, including the 4-epimers of oxytetracycline, tetracycline and chlortetracycline.
PubMed:Multiclass, multiresidue method for the detection of antibiotic residues in distillers grains by liquid chromatography and ion trap tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Preparation of mixed-templates molecularly imprinted polymers and investigation of the recognition ability for tetracycline antibiotics.
PubMed:Drug residues recovered in feed after various feedlot mixer truck cleanout procedures.
PubMed:Prolonged survival of Campylobacter species in bovine manure compost.
PubMed:Effects of late gestation supplementation of rumen undegradable protein, vitamin E, zinc, and chlortetracycline to ewes on indices of immune transfer and productivity.
PubMed:Farm-to-fork characterization of Escherichia coli associated with feedlot cattle with a known history of antimicrobial use.
PubMed:Longitudinal characterization of resistant Escherichia coli in fecal deposits from cattle fed subtherapeutic levels of antimicrobials.
PubMed:Practical method for the detection of tetracyclines in honey by HPLC and derivative UV-Vis spectra.
PubMed:Electrophoretic total analysis of trace tetracycline antibiotics in a microchip with amperometry.
PubMed:Comparative study of three screening tests, two microbiological tube tests, and a multi-sulphonamide ELISA kit for the detection of antimicrobial and sulphonamide residues in eggs.
PubMed:Photolysis of chlortetracycline on a clay surface.
PubMed:Determination of tetracyclines in food samples by molecularly imprinted monolithic column coupling with high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Dietary chlortetracycline induces differential effects on the accuracy of quantitative computed tomography and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in assessing vertebral bone mineral density in growing pigs.
PubMed:Occurrence of antimicrobial residues in pasteurized milk commercialized in the state of Paraná, Brazil.
PubMed:Determination of trace tetracycline antibiotics in foodstuffs by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with selective molecular-imprinted solid-phase extraction.
PubMed:Effects of ionophores and antibiotics on in vitro hydrogen sulfide production, dry matter disappearance, and total gas production in cultures with a steam-flaked corn-based substrate with or without added sulfur.
PubMed:Selected antimicrobial resistance during composting of manure from cattle administered sub-therapeutic antimicrobials.
PubMed:Dispersive solid-phase microextraction method for sample extraction in the analysis of four tetracyclines in water and milk samples by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection.
PubMed:The detection limits of antimicrobial agents in cow's milk by a simple Yoghurt Culture Test.
PubMed:Fate of chlortetracycline- and tylosin-resistant bacteria in an aerobic thermophilic sequencing batch reactor treating swine waste.
PubMed:Pathogen prevalence and influence of composted dairy manure application on antimicrobial resistance profiles of commensal soil bacteria.
PubMed:Rapid detection of tetracyclines and their 4-epimer derivatives from poultry meat with bioluminescent biosensor bacteria.
PubMed:Diversity and distribution of commensal fecal Escherichia coli bacteria in beef cattle administered selected subtherapeutic antimicrobials in a feedlot setting.
PubMed:Nonionophore antibiotics do not affect the trans-18:1 and conjugated linoleic acid composition in beef adipose tissue.
PubMed:Analysis of trace residues of tetracyclines in dark-colored honeys by high-performance liquid chromatography using polymeric cartridge and metal chelate affinity chromatography.
PubMed:Determination of tetracyclines residues in honey by on-line solid-phase extraction high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Effect of subtherapeutic administration of antibiotics on the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli bacteria in feedlot cattle.
PubMed:Analysis of tetracycline residues in royal jelly by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Collateral effects of antibiotics: carbadox and metronidazole induce VSH-1 and facilitate gene transfer among Brachyspira hyodysenteriae strains.
PubMed:Multiclass determination and confirmation of antibiotic residues in honey using LC-MS/MS.
PubMed:Effect of antimicrobial dosage regimen on Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates from feeder swine.
PubMed:Hyaluronic acid delays boar sperm capacitation after 3 days of storage at 15 degrees C.
PubMed:Validation of the tetrasensor honey test kit for the screening of tetracyclines in honey.
PubMed:Determination of tetracycline residues in honey by CZE with ultraviolet absorbance detection.
PubMed:Voltammetry and amperometric detection of tetracyclines at multi-wall carbon nanotube modified electrodes.
PubMed:Development and validation of an HPLC confirmatory method for the determination of seven tetracycline antibiotics residues in milk according to the European Union Decision 2002/657/EC.
PubMed:Antibiotics, primary symbionts and wing polyphenism in three aphid species.
PubMed:Synthesis of haptens and development of a sensitive immunoassay for tetracycline residues. Application to honey samples.
PubMed:A rapid method based on hot water extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for analyzing tetracycline antibiotic residues in cheese.
PubMed:The identification of antibacterial compounds for the development of enhanced media for the detection of foodborne fungi.
PubMed:Determination of tetracycline antibiotic residues in edible swine tissues by liquid chromatography with spectrofluorometric detection and confirmation by mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Evaluation of stocking density and subtherapeutic chlortetracycline on Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica shedding in growing swine.
PubMed:Determination of tetracycline antibiotics in cow's milk by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Stability of frozen stock solutions of beta-lactam antibiotics, cephalosporins, tetracyclines and quinolones used in antibiotic residue screening and antibiotic susceptibility testing.
PubMed:Simultaneous multiresidue determination of tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones in catfish muscle using high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection.
PubMed:Validation of a high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection for the simultaneous determination of tetracyclines residues in bovine milk.
PubMed:A longitudinal study of Salmonella shedding and antimicrobial resistance patterns in North Dakota feedlot cattle.
PubMed:[Analysis of tetracyclines in honey and royal jelly by LC/MS/MS].
PubMed:Preparation of anti-tetracycline antibodies and development of an indirect heterologous competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect residues of tetracycline in milk.
PubMed:Preliminary study of certain serotypes, genetic and antimicrobial resistance profiles of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) isolated in Bosnia and Germany from cattle or pigs and their products.
PubMed:The effect of subtherapeutic chlortetracycline on antimicrobial resistance in the fecal flora of swine.
PubMed:Effect of ionophore supplementation on the incidence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella and antimicrobial susceptibility of fecal coliforms in Stocker cattle.
PubMed:Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the tetracyclines including glycylcyclines.
PubMed:Effect of tetracycline residues in pig manure slurry on tetracycline-resistant bacteria and resistance gene tet(M) in soil microcosms.
PubMed:Temporal prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter spp. from beef cattle in Alberta feedlots.
PubMed:Reported antibiotic use in 90 swine farms in Alberta.
PubMed:Guidelines for prudent use of antimicrobials and their implications on antibiotic usage in veterinary medicine.
PubMed:A rapid confirmatory method for analyzing tetracycline antibiotics in bovine, swine, and poultry muscle tissues: matrix solid-phase dispersion with heated water as extractant followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Verification of compliance with organic meat production standards by detection of permitted and nonpermitted uses of veterinary medicines (tetracycline antibiotics).
PubMed:[Inter-laboratory validation studies of biological method for determination of tetracyclines in royal jelly].
PubMed:Susceptibility of Escherichia coli from growing piglets receiving antimicrobial feed additives.
PubMed:Antibiotic uptake by plants from soil fertilized with animal manure.
PubMed:Effects of subtherapeutic administration of antimicrobial agents to beef cattle on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter hyointestinalis.
PubMed:Complexities in tetracycline analysis-chemistry, matrix extraction, cleanup, and liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Different behavior of tetracyclines and sulfonamides in sandy soils after repeated fertilization with liquid manure.
PubMed:Autoinducer 2-like activity in poultry-associated enteric bacteria in response to subtherapeutic antibiotic exposure.
PubMed:Analysis of tetracyclines in honey by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Rapid fluorescence screening assay for enrofloxacin and tetracyclines in chicken muscle.
PubMed:Rapid fluorescence screening assay for tetracyclines in chicken muscle.
PubMed:Detection of tetracycline resistance genes by PCR methods.
PubMed:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for ultratrace determination of antibiotics in aqueous samples.
PubMed:Evaluation and establishing the performance of different screening tests for tetracycline residues in animal tissues.
PubMed:The effect of chlortetracycline treatment and its subsequent withdrawal on multi-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 and commensal Escherichia coli in the pig.
PubMed:Toxic potential of dietary genistein isoflavone and beta-lapachone on capacitation and acrosome reaction of epididymal spermatozoa.
PubMed:Survey of residual tetracycline antibiotics and sulfa drugs in kidneys of diseased animals in the Aichi Prefecture, Japan (1995-1999).
PubMed:Isolation of tetracycline-resistant Megasphaera elsdenii strains with novel mosaic gene combinations of tet(O) and tet(W) from swine.
PubMed:Preservation of an artificial diet for rearing the predator Orius laevigatus.
PubMed:[Effects of veterinary drugs on beta-hexosaminidase release from rat basophilic leukemia cells (RBL-2H3)].
PubMed:[Study on effect of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene expression on growth and metabolism of Streptomyces aureofaciens].
PubMed:[Cloning and expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin in Streptomyces aureofaciens].
PubMed:[Detection of residual antibiotics in honey with capillary electrophoresis].
PubMed:Residue analysis of tetracyclines and their metabolites in eggs and in the environment by HPLC coupled with a microbiological assay and tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:An indirect conductimetric screening method for the detection of antibiotic residues in bovine kidneys.
PubMed:Determination of persistent tetracycline residues in soil fertilized with liquid manure by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Development, validation, and application of PCR primers for detection of tetracycline efflux genes of gram-negative bacteria.
PubMed:Antimicrobial susceptibilities of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria species and Salmonella serotypes associated with poultry processing.
PubMed:Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonellae isolated from market-age swine.
PubMed:Tetracycline residues in meat and bone meals. Part 2: the effect of heat treatments on bound tetracycline residues.
PubMed:Inhibition tests for detection and presumptive identification of tetracyclines, beta-lactam antibiotics and quinolones in poultry meat.
PubMed:Tetracycline residues in meat and bone meals. Part 1: methodology and examination of field samples.
PubMed:Survey of residual tetracyclines in kidneys of diseased animals in Aichi Prefecture, Japan (1985-1997).
PubMed:Development of an indirect competitive ELISA for ciprofloxacin residues in food animal edible tissues.
PubMed:Comparison of extraction techniques for the recovery of veterinary drug residues from animal tissues.
PubMed:Improved agar diffusion method for detecting residual antimicrobial agents.
PubMed:Inhibition of in vitro Salmonella Typhimurium colonization in porcine cecal bacteria continuous-flow competitive exclusion culturest.
PubMed:Metabolites of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline and their distribution in egg white, egg yolk, and hen plasma.
PubMed:[Substances with pharmacological effects including hormonally active substances in the environment: identification of tetracyclines in soil fertilized with animal slurry].
PubMed:A group-specific microbiological test for the detection of tetracycline residues in raw milk.
PubMed:Qualitative detection of tetracycline residues in milk with a luminescence-based microbial method: the effect of milk composition and assay performance in relation to an immunoassay and a microbial inhibition assay.
PubMed:Chromatographic analysis of tetracycline antibiotics in foods.
PubMed:Determination of tetracycline antibiotics in beef and pork tissues using ion-paired liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Comparison of methods for enumeration of yeasts and molds in shredded low-moisture, part-skim mozzarella cheese.
PubMed:Automated residue analysis of tetracyclines and their metabolites in whole egg, egg white, egg yolk and hen's plasma utilizing a modified ASTED system.
PubMed:Transfer of chlortetracycline from contaminated feedingstuff to cows' milk.
PubMed:Determination of tetracyclines in bovine kidney by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with on-line extraction and clean-up.
PubMed:Detection of residues of tetracycline antibiotics in pork and chicken meat: correlation between results of screening and confirmatory tests.
PubMed:Metabolism of chlortetracycline: drug accumulation and excretion in the hen's egg.
PubMed:Evaluation of certain veterinary drug residues in food. Fiftieth report of the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.
PubMed:Stability of tetracycline antibiotics in raw milk under laboratory storage conditions.
PubMed:Health and growth performance of barrows reared in all-in/all-out or continuous flow facilities with or without a chlortetracycline feed additive.
PubMed:Evaluation of a modified EC Four Plate Method to detect antimicrobial drugs.
PubMed:Improved method for the on-line metal chelate affinity chromatography-high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tetracycline antibiotics in animal products.
PubMed:Effect of Aspergillus oryzae extract alone or in combination with antimicrobial compounds on ruminal bacteria.
PubMed:Evaluation of certain veterinary drug residues in food. Forty-seventh report of the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.
PubMed:Contamination of animal feedingstuffs with undeclared antimicrobial additives.
PubMed:Liver abscesses in feedlot cattle: a review.
PubMed:Interspecies allometric analysis of the comparative pharmacokinetics of 44 drugs across veterinary and laboratory animal species.
PubMed:Association of multiple-antibiotic-resistance profiles with point and nonpoint sources of Escherichia coli in Apalachicola Bay.
PubMed:Use of metal chelate affinity chromatography and membrane-based ion-exchange as clean-up procedure for trace residue analysis of tetracyclines in animal tissues and egg.
PubMed:Residues of some veterinary drugs in animals and foods. Monographs prepared by the Forty-Seventh meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Rome, 4-13 June 1996.
PubMed:Bioavailability of oxytetracycline, tetracycline and chlortetracycline after oral administration to fed and fasted pigs.
PubMed:Serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations are increased in pigs fed antimicrobials.
PubMed:On-line metal chelate affinity chromatography clean-up for the high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of tetracycline antibiotics in animal tissues.
PubMed:Residue depletion in tissues and fluids from swine fed sulfamethazine, chlortetracycline and penicillin G in combination.
PubMed:Chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, and tetracycline in edible animal tissues, liquid chromatographic method: collaborative study.
PubMed:Residues of some veterinary drugs in animals and foods. Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.
PubMed:Influence of environmental contamination of a pig unit on chlortetracycline residues in pig tissues.
PubMed:Sensitive spectrofluorimetric determination of tetracycline residues in bovine milk.
PubMed:Determination of tetracycline antibiotics in animal tissues of food-producing animals by high-performance liquid chromatography using solid-phase extraction.
PubMed:Simple continuous and simultaneous determination of tetracycline residues.
PubMed:Optimization of a liquid chromatographic method for determination of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline in milk.
PubMed:Confirmation of oxytetracycline, tetracycline and chlortetracycline residues in milk by particle beam liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Liquid chromatographic determination of chlortetracycline hydrochloride in ruminant and poultry/swine feeds.
PubMed:[Determination of antibiotic chemicals using microbiological tests: evaluation of the limits of sensitivity].
PubMed:Analysis of trace residues of tetracyclines in animal tissues and fluids using metal chelate affinity chromatography/HPLC.
PubMed:Clinical efficacy of chlortetracycline hydrochloride administered in milk replacer to calves.
PubMed:[Drug residues in food fish].
PubMed:Case report: an investigation of chlortetracycline and oxytetracycline residues in suspect swine slaughtered in Manitoba, Canada, October 1987 to March 1988.
PubMed:[The effect of feed preparation on the pharmacokinetics of peroral administration of chlortetracycline in weaned piglets].
PubMed:Evaluation of the efficacy of chlortetracycline for the control of chronic respiratory disease caused by Escherichia coli and Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
PubMed:Liquid chromatographic determination of epimerization of chlortetracycline residue to 4-epi-chlortetracycline residue in animal feed, using McIlvain's buffer as extractant.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline in milk by liquid chromatography.
PubMed:A rapid fluorimetric screening method for chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline and tetracycline in pig meat and kidney tissues.
PubMed:Blood concentrations of chlortetracycline in macaws fed medicated pelleted feed.
PubMed:Excretion of tetracycline and chlortetracycline in eggs after oral medication of laying hens.
PubMed:Determination of residues of tetracycline antibiotics in animal tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:[Immunomorphologic changes in the liver under the influence of low tetracycline doses].
PubMed:Chlortetracycline and aflatoxin interaction in two lines of chicks.
PubMed:Liquid chromatographic determination of tetracycline residues in animal feeds.
PubMed:Determination of dimetridazole and ipronidazole in feeds at cross-contamination levels.
PubMed:A comparison of three bioassay techniques and high performance liquid chromatography for the detection of chlortetracycline residues in swine tissues.
PubMed:Microbial receptor assay for rapid detection and identification of seven families of antimicrobial drugs in milk: collaborative study.
PubMed:Antibodies in calves on feed supplemented with chlortetracycline after vaccination with Brucella abortus strain 19.
PubMed:Prescription milk powders.
PubMed:Effect of receiving diets containing alfalfa and certain feed additives on performance of feeder pigs transported long distances.
PubMed:Improvement of chemical analysis of antibiotics. VIII. Application of prepacked C18 cartridge for the analysis of tetracycline residues in animal liver.
PubMed:Effects of sodium diacetate on the growth, feed efficiency, and intestinal microflora of broilers.
PubMed:Feed additive studies with newly weaned pigs: efficacy of supplemental copper, antibiotics and organic acids.
PubMed:Liquid chromatographic determination of tetracycline residues in meat and fish.
PubMed:Effects of diet and antimicrobials on growth, feed efficiency, intestinal Clostridium perfringens, and ileal weight of broiler chicks.
PubMed:Drug-resistant Salmonella from animals fed antimicrobials.
PubMed:Effect of space allowance and antibiotic feeding on performance of nursery pigs. NCR-89 committee on confinement management of swine.
PubMed:Susceptibilities of drugs to nitrosation under standardized chemical conditions.
PubMed:Antibiotic resistance of fecal coliforms from swine fed subtherapeutic and therapeutic levels of chlortetracycline.
PubMed:Effect of chlortetracycline on the spread of R-100 plasmid-containing Escherichia coli BEL15R from experimentally infected pigs to uninfected pigs and chicks.
PubMed:[Further studies on improving oral psittacosis prevention and therapy in small parrots and various medium-size parakeets].
PubMed:Antibiotic resistance in anaerobic and coliform bacteria from the intestinal tract of swine fed therapeutic and subtherapeutic concentrations of chlortetracycline.
PubMed:Multiple antibiotic resistance in fecal, cecal and colonic coliforms from pigs fed therapeutic and subtherapeutic concentrations of chlortetracycline.
PubMed:[Comparative studies of psittacosis control based on drugs. 1. Blood level reached in Amazona species following oral administration of various medicated foods and parenteral administration of doxycycline at an import station].
PubMed:Effect of feeding chlortetracycline or virginiamycin on shedding of salmonellae from experimentally-infected swine.
PubMed:The availability of tetracyclines in calves.
PubMed:A selective and indicative medium for groups of Penicillium viridicatum producing different mycotoxins in cereals.
PubMed:Effect of citric acid on inhibition of chlortetracycline activity by magnesium ions.
PubMed:Comparative pharmacokinetics of chlortetracycline in milk-fed versus conventionally fed calves.
PubMed:Influence of Mycoplasma arginini infection on the induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase by TCDD in rat hepatoma cell cultures.
PubMed:Concentration of chlortetracycline in the blood of Yellow-Crowned Amazon parrots fed medicated pelleted feeds.
PubMed:[The problem of the use of antibiotics in animal production and the appearance of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains in man].
PubMed:[Prophylaxis and therapy of psittacosis in the canary-winged parakeet (Brotogeris versicolorus chiriri (author's transl)].
PubMed:[Levels of tetracycline residues in meat products].
PubMed:A study of fluctuations in Escherichia coli sensitivity patterns from pigs fed a halquinol supplemented diet.
PubMed:[Chlortetracycline residues in the meat of slaughter calves in relation to transmissible microbial resistance to antibiotics].
PubMed:Growth, appetite, sequence of pathological signs and survival following the induction of rapid, synchronous vitamin A deficiency in the rat.
PubMed:Chlortetracycline and sulfonamide resistance of fecal bacteria in swine receiving medicated feed.
PubMed:Effect of storage and processing on tetracycline residues in meat and bones.
PubMed:[Comparison of methods for the quantitative detection of moulds in foods. III. Comparison of different culture media for the mould plate count (author's transl)].
PubMed:Effect of low level chlortetracycline feeding on subsequent therapy of Escherichia coli infection in chickens.
PubMed:Influence of chlortetracycline in swine feed on reproductive performance and on incidence and persistence of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria.
PubMed:Influence of type of antibiotic and length of antibiotic feeding period on performance and persistence of antibiotic resistant enteric bacteria in growing-finishing swine.
PubMed:Laser light scattering bioassay for veterinary drug residues in food producing animals. 2. Preparation procedures and dose-response studies of drugs in bovine tissues.
PubMed:Antibiotic resistance and residues.
PubMed:The effects of some nutritive antibiotics on the respiration of rat liver mitochondria.
PubMed:Residue content of beef feedlot manure after feeding diethylstilbestrol, chlortetracycline and Ronnel and the use of stirofos to reduce population of fly larvae in feedlot manure.
PubMed:[Fast fluorimetric assay of chlortetracycline in meat and bone (author's transl)].
PubMed:Comparison of antibiotic-amended potato dextrose agar and acidified potato dextrose agar as growth substrates for fungi.
PubMed:A perspective on the use of antibiotics in animal feeds.
PubMed:Effect of feed additive antibiotics on chickens infected with Eimeria tenella.
PubMed:Reduction of Clostridium perfringens by feed additive antibiotics in the ceca of chickens infected with Eimeria tenella.
PubMed:[Effect of pseudothymine as a food additive on the growth of rats and swine].
PubMed:The role of silages, feed additives, and less common feed substances in ovine nutrition.
PubMed:[Residues of antimicrobial substances in the meat and organs of slaughter calves].
PubMed:[Antibiotics in food products (review of the literature)].
PubMed:Manual microbiological turbidimetric analysis of chlortetracycline in feeds.
PubMed:Chlortetracycline impregnated food-pellets for the prophylaxis and therapy of psittacosis/ornithosis in psittacines and pigeons.
PubMed:[The antibiotic sensitivity spectrum of strains of salmonella circulating in Rostov-on-Don].
PubMed:Comparison of an improved rose bengal-chlortetracycline agar with other media for the selective isolation and enumeration of moulds and yeasts in foods.
PubMed:[Stability of drugs in feeds. Effect of processing on a number of antibiotics and coccidiostats when these are incorporated in pelleted feeds: a snapshot].
PubMed:[Use of chlortetracycline-containing medicinal pellet food for larger psittacine birds in prevention and therapy of psittacosis].
PubMed:[Use of chlortetracycline-containing medical food pellets for larger parakeets and parrots in the prevention and therapy of psittacosis].
PubMed:The effect of chlortetracycline feed additive on experimental salmonella infection of swine and antibiotic resistance transfer.
PubMed:Public health significance of feeding low levels of antibiotics to animals.
PubMed:R-factors of Escherichia coli from dressed beef and humans.
PubMed:Drug resistance and transferable drug resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from "ready-to-cook" broilers.
PubMed:[Chlortetracycline concentration and retention in calf serum after oral chlortetracycline administration].
PubMed:[Stability of some antibiotics in medicated feed and milkreplacers (author's transl)].
PubMed:[A new growth effecting dietary supplement in swine breeding. II. Carbadox in swine fattening].
PubMed:Chlortetracycline residues in broiler tissue and organs.
PubMed:Resistance of bacteria isolated from subjects with occupational chlortetracycline exposure.
PubMed:The effect of medicated feed on the nasal microflora and weight gain of pigs.
PubMed:Feeder lamb response to chlortetracycline-sulfamethazine supplementation.
PubMed:The skin and chemical additives to foods.
PubMed:The effect of antibiotic supplementation on growth and energy utilization of chicks.
PubMed:Fact and fancy in nutrition and food science. Chemical residues in foods.
PubMed:Role of excreted chlortetracycline in modifying the decomposition process in feedlot waste.
PubMed:[Antibiotics in milk (review of the foreign literature)].
PubMed:Survey of a laboratory building for airborne antibiotics.
PubMed:[Research on dietary supplements from the veterinary-hygienic viewpoint].
PubMed:[Resistance of microbes isolated in persons subjected to occupational exposure to chlortetracycline].
PubMed:Biological responses to antibacterial feed additives in diets of meat producing animals.
PubMed:Microbiological assay with increased sensitivity for chlortetracycline in eggs.
PubMed:Species of Penicillium occurring in freshly-harvested and in stored dent corn kernels.
PubMed:How beneficial are feed additives?
PubMed:Effect of nitrofurans and chlortetracycline on microorganisms associated with shrimp.
PubMed:Dynamics of incidence of antibiotic-(chemotherapeutic-) resistant E. coli in pigs and types of polyresistance of the isolated strains depending on addition of aureovit12 C20 to food.
PubMed:[Comparative study of the biological value of protein in food and of an equivalent mixture of amino acids].
PubMed:The use of antibiotics for food preservation.
PubMed:The use of antibiotics for the preservation of poultry and meat.
PubMed:[Use of antibiotics in animal nutrition with a view to human health].
PubMed:Selection of microbial population in chlortetracycline-treated ocean perch (Sebastodes alutus).
PubMed:Comparative effects of chlortetracycline, freezing, and gamma radiation on microbial population of ocean perch.
PubMed:Disappearance of chlortetracycline residues from edible tissues. II. Chickens and turkeys.
PubMed:Disappearance of chlortetracycline residues from edible tissues of animals feed rations containing the drug. I. Cattle and swine.
PubMed:Effect of chlorine, antibiotics, beta-propiolactone, acids, and washing on Salmonella typhimurium on eviscerated fryer chickens.
PubMed:Biological results with synthetic mustard oil-splitting substances.
PubMed:[Studies on the distribution and residues of tetracycline derivatives in tissues and bones of rabbits in reference to addition of chlortetracycline to rabbit fattening feed].
PubMed:[Hygienic significance of the use of tetracyclines in poultry farming].
PubMed:Value of chlortetracycline in breeding rations for sows.
PubMed:A new procedure for the detection and enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci from frozen seafoods.
PubMed:[The psychrotropic bacteria of meats stored in a cold chamber. Rapid refrigeration--the action of antibiotics].
PubMed:The resistance to antibiotics of strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Poland.
PubMed:[The effect of addition of antibiotics to fodder on the microorganism flora of animals for the market].
PubMed:[On the absorption of some trace elements in chlortetracycline increase].
PubMed:Bacteriophage types and antibiotic sensitivity of staphylococci from bovine milk and human nares.
PubMed:[CHANGES IN THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND STRUCTURE OF CHLORTETRACYCLINE IN FOODS DUE TO THE ACTION OF HEAT].
PubMed:DECONTAMINATION OF PIGEONS BY INCLUSION OF CHLORTETRACYCLINE IN THE FEED.
PubMed:CHLORTETRACYCLINE AND OXYTETRACYCLINE RESIDUES IN POULTRY TISSUES AND EGGS.
PubMed:RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY OF MEATS AND MICROBIAL QUALITY.
PubMed:[HYGIENIC APPRECIATION OF THE RESIDUAL QUANTITY OF ANTIBIOTICS IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS].
PubMed:[Long-term use of antibiotics in animal nutrition with regard to human health, with special reference to chlortetracycline].
PubMed:Further studies on staphylococci in meats. IV. The bacteriophage pattern and antibiotic sensitivity of isolates from nonfrozen meats.
PubMed:[Ledermycin syrup for infants].
PubMed:[Culture media containing different oil cakes as organic nitrogen sources in fermenting chlortetracycline].
PubMed:[Hygienic studies on cod fish treated with biomycin].
PubMed:Thermal inactivation of chlortetracycline in various meat menstrua.
PubMed:Studies on the development of chlortetracycline-resistant staphylococci in chlortetracyclin-treated beef.
PubMed:Action of chlortetracycline on Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus in nutrient and non-nutrient media.
PubMed:[Effect of fruit juices on the activity of penicillin, streptomycin and biomycin].
PubMed:Problems in the assay of chlortetracycline in feeds.
PubMed:[Effects of chlortetracycline used in preservation of food on microflora and microfauna of fresh water].
PubMed:Studies on the mode of action of chlortetracycline in the preservation of beef.
PubMed:Antibiotic treatment of crab and oyster meats.
PubMed:Method of determination of chlortetracycline and some studies on use of chlortetracycline for fish preservation.
PubMed:Antibiotics in the preservation of fresh meat.
PubMed:Use of antibiotics for the preservation of fish and sea foods.
PubMed:CHLORTETRACYCLINE, a food preservative.
PubMed:Antibiotic residues in fish iced with chlortetracycline ice and effect of normal cooking procedures on these residues.
PubMed:Improved quality of fish fillets as a result of a food grade of chlortetracycline.
PubMed:Comparative studies of the effects of the tetracycline group of antibiotics in the preservation of fish.
PubMed:The effect of chlortetracycline on the microflora of beef, and studies on the mode of action of this antibiotic in meat preservation.
PubMed:Complementary action of antibiotics and irradiation in the preservation of fresh meats.
PubMed:An investigation of the process using food grade chlortetracycline as applied to turkeys.
PubMed:A degradation product in cooked chlortetracycline-treated poultry.
PubMed:Antibiotic preservation of fresh poultry meat.
PubMed:Comprehensive studies of the use of a food grade of chlortetracycline in poultry processing. III. Evaluation of raw and cooked poultry by microbiologic chlortetracycline assay.
PubMed:Comprehensive studies of the use of a food grade of chlortetracycline in poultry processing.
PubMed:Comprehensive studies of the use of the food grade of chlortetracycline in poultry processing. I. The franchise program in action.
PubMed:[Urinary and fecal elimination of pantothenic acid in rats on synthetic diet without pantothenic acid and with aureomycin].
PubMed:The international standard for aureomycin.
PubMed:Effect of cortisone and of aureomycin on baby pigs fed a vitamin B12 deficient diet.
PubMed:[Aureomycin therapy of paratyphoid (salmonellosis enteritidis)].
PubMed:Effect of food and antacids on blood levels of aureomycin and terramycin.
 
Notes:
a tetracycline with a 7-chloro substitution.
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