EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

diosgenin
nitogenin

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 512-04-9Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:208-134-3
FDA UNII: K49P2K8WLX
Nikkaji Web:J6.272C
Beilstein Number:0094582
MDL:MFCD00016887
XlogP3-AA:5.70 (est)
Molecular Weight:414.62934000
Formula:C27 H42 O3
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
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Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:white crystalline powder (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 205.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 527.11 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 523.00 °F. TCC ( 272.60 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 6.602 (est)
Soluble in:
 water, 0.02 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
 water, 0.03095 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Diosgenin 98%
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Diosgenin >98%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Diosgenin, a steroid sapogenin, is the product of hydrolysis by acids, strong bases, or enzymes of saponins, extracted from the tubers of Dioscorea wild yam, such as the Kokoro.
Changsha Organic Herb
Wild Yam Extract
Coompo
For experimental / research use only.
Diosgenin from Plants ≥98%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Diosgenin is the precursor for the semisynthesis of progesterone which in turn was used in early combined oral contraceptive pills. The unmodified steroid has estrogenic activity and can reduce the level of serum cholesterol. Diosgenin also causes an inhibition of the growth of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from human rheumatoid arthritis, with apoptosis induction associated with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) up-regulation. Celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, provoked a large decrease in diosgenin-induced apoptosis even in the presence of exogenous prostaglandin E2, whereas interleukin-1β, a COX-2 inducer, strongly increased diosgenin-induced apoptosis of these synoviocytes. Diosgenin inhibited migration and invasion of PC-3 cells by reducing MMPs expression. It also inhibited ERK, JNK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways as well as NF-?B activity. These findings reveal new therapeutic potential for diosgenin in anti-metastatic therapy. Diosgenin has an obvious antitumor activity on S-180, HepA, U14 transplant mice in vivo and L929, HeLa, MCF cells in vitro.
ExtraSynthese
For experimental / research use only.
Diosgenin (HPLC) ≥95%
Sabinsa Corporation
Diosgenin
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Diosgenin
Shaanxi Y-Herb Biotechnology
16% 20% 98% Diosgenin Powder Chinese Yam Rhizome Wild Yam Extract
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
Diosgenin ≥93%
sds
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
Diosgenin >95.0%(GC)
sds
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 3564 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal Vol. 11, Pg. 1095, 1977.

oral-mouse LD50 > 8000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal Vol. 11, Pg. 1095, 1977.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50 4872 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CHANGES IN MOTOR ACTIVITY (SPECIFIC ASSAY)
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal Vol. 11, Pg. 1095, 1977.

oral-rat LD50 > 8000 mg/kg
Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal Vol. 11, Pg. 1095, 1977.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis
Recommendation for diosgenin usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for diosgenin flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :99474
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
Chemidplus:0000512049
RTECS:WH1450000 for cas# 512-04-9
 
References:
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):99474
Pubchem (sid):134977979
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C08898
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
FooDB:FDB012734
Export Tariff Code:2938.90.0000
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 asparagus shoot
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 carrot
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 carrot root
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 carrot tissue culture
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 dioscorea spp.
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 fenugreek leaf
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 fenugreek pericarp
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 fenugreek plant
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 fenugreek root
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 fenugreek seed
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 fenugreek sprout
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 fenugreek stem
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 fenugreek tissue culture
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 melon bitter melon fruit
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 melon bitter melon tissue culture
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 yam wild yam root
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Synonyms:
 nitogenin
 

Articles:

PubMed:Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis of the Dioscin Rich Medicinal Plant Dioscorea nipponica.
PubMed:Fenugreek, A Potent Hypoglycaemic Herb Can Cause Central Hypothyroidism Via Leptin - A Threat To Diabetes Phytotherapy.
PubMed:Methyl Protodioscin Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells by Caspase-Dependent and MAPK Signaling Pathways.
PubMed:Saponin Profile of Wild Asparagus Species.
PubMed:Plasma Creatine Kinetics After Ingestion of Microencapsulated Creatine Monohydrate with Enhanced Stability in Aqueous Solutions.
PubMed:Oral administration with diosgenin enhances the induction of intestinal T helper 1-like regulatory T cells in a murine model of food allergy.
PubMed:Isolation and chemoenzymatic treatment of glycoalkaloids from green, sprouting and rotting Solanum tuberosum potatoes for solanidine recovery.
PubMed:Chemosensitizing effect of Paris Saponin I on Camptothecin and 10-hydroxycamptothecin in lung cancer cells via p38 MAPK, ERK, and Akt signaling pathways.
PubMed:Beneficial effect of diosgenin as a stimulator of NGF on the brain with neuronal damage induced by Aβ-42 accumulation and neurotoxicant injection.
PubMed:Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Based Metabolomics Reveals Key Differences between Brachiaria decumbens and B. brizantha, Two Similar Pastures with Different Toxicities.
PubMed:Rapid and Sensitive Determination of the Major Steroidal Saponins of Ypsilandra thibetica Franch by Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry.
PubMed:Inhibitory effects of chickpea and Tribulus terrestris on lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase.
PubMed:Diosgenin induces ROS-dependent autophagy and cytotoxicity via mTOR signaling pathway in chronic myeloid leukemia cells.
PubMed:ANTI-AMEBIC ACTIVITY OF DIOSGENIN ON NAEGLERIA FOWLERI TROPHOZOITES.
PubMed:Antifungal activity of secondary plant metabolites from potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.): Glycoalkaloids and phenolic acids show synergistic effects.
PubMed:Solanidine and tomatidine trigger scar pruritus.
PubMed:Antidiabetic effect of total saponins from Polygonatum kingianum in streptozotocin-induced daibetic rats.
PubMed:The anticancer potential of steroidal saponin, dioscin, isolated from wild yam (Dioscorea villosa) root extract in invasive human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro.
PubMed:Transmembrane transport of steviol glucuronide and its potential interaction with selected drugs and natural compounds.
PubMed:Microwave-assisted extraction and a new determination method for total steroid saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright.
PubMed:Dioscin Derived from Solanum melongena L. "Usukawamarunasu" Attenuates α-MSH-Induced Melanogenesis in B16 Murine Melanoma Cells via Downregulation of Phospho-CREB and MITF.
PubMed:Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Effects and Phenolic Profile of Lycium barbarum L. Flowers.
PubMed:Recovery of steroidal alkaloids from potato peels using pressurized liquid extraction.
PubMed:Dioscin and methylprotodioscin isolated from the root of Asparagus cochinchinensis suppressed the gene expression and production of airway MUC5AC mucin induced by phorbol ester and growth factor.
PubMed:New steroidal saponins and antiulcer activity from Solanum paniculatum L.
PubMed:Diosgenin reorganises hyperglycaemia and distorted tissue lipid profile in high-fat diet-streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
PubMed:Yamogenin in fenugreek inhibits lipid accumulation through the suppression of gene expression in fatty acid synthesis in hepatocytes.
PubMed:Effects of Jamaican bitter yam (Dioscorea polygonoides) and diosgenin on blood and fecal cholesterol in rats.
PubMed:Rapid metabolic discrimination and prediction of dioscin content from African yam tubers using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis.
PubMed:Polyphyllin D induces apoptosis in U87 human glioma cells through the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathway.
PubMed:The effects of diosgenin in the regulation of renal proximal tubular fibrosis.
PubMed:A new source of elemol rich essential oil and existence of multicellular oil glands in leaves of the Dioscorea species.
PubMed:Dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, induces apoptosis and DNA damage through reactive oxygen species: a potential new drug for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme.
PubMed:Anti-inflammatory effects of 27 selected terpenoid compounds tested through modulating Th1/Th2 cytokine secretion profiles using murine primary splenocytes.
PubMed:Anti-cancer effects of dioscin on three kinds of human lung cancer cell lines through inducing DNA damage and activating mitochondrial signal pathway.
PubMed:Anti-inflammatory properties of potato glycoalkaloids in stimulated Jurkat and Raw 264.7 mouse macrophages.
PubMed:Influence of different particle processing on hypocholesterolemic and antiatherogenic activities of yam (Dioscorea pseudojaponica) in cholesterol-fed rabbit model.
PubMed:Preparation of nano/submicrometer yam and its benefits on collagen secretion from skin fibroblast cells.
PubMed:Structural and Sensory Characterization of Bitter Tasting Steroidal Saponins from Asparagus Spears (Asparagus officinalis L.).
PubMed:Dioscin: a synergistic tyrosinase inhibitor from the roots of Smilax china.
PubMed:Prebiotic effect of diosgenin, an immunoactive steroidal sapogenin of the Chinese yam.
PubMed:In vitro propagation of Dioscorea alata var. purpurae.
PubMed:A 90-day subchronic toxicological assessment of dioscin, a natural steroid saponin, in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed:Targeting inflammatory pathways by triterpenoids for prevention and treatment of cancer.
PubMed:Relative feeding and development of armyworm on switchgrass and corn, and its potential effects on switchgrass grown for biomass.
PubMed:Osteoprotective effect of Monascus-fermented dioscorea in ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
PubMed:Development of a rapid HPLC-UV method for simultaneous quantification of protodioscin and rutin in white and green asparagus spears.
PubMed:Diosgenin suppresses hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition by down-regulation of Mdm2 and vimentin.
PubMed:Effect of Dioscorea opposita Thunb. (yam) supplementation on physicochemical and sensory characteristics of yogurt.
PubMed:Chemoprevention of azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate-induced mouse colon carcinogenesis by freeze-dried yam sanyaku and its constituent diosgenin.
PubMed:Diosgenin stimulates osteogenic activity by increasing bone matrix protein synthesis and bone-specific transcription factor Runx2 in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
PubMed:Plant-derived bioactive compounds produced by endophytic fungi.
PubMed:Diosgenin, the main aglycon of fenugreek, inhibits LXRα activity in HepG2 cells and decreases plasma and hepatic triglycerides in obese diabetic mice.
PubMed:Top 10 botanical ingredients in 2010 anti-aging creams.
PubMed:Biochemical monitoring in fenugreek to develop functional food and medicinal plant variants.
PubMed:Diosgenin present in fenugreek improves glucose metabolism by promoting adipocyte differentiation and inhibiting inflammation in adipose tissues.
PubMed:Antihyperlipidemic effect of protodioscin, an active ingredient isolated from the rhizomes of Dioscorea nipponica.
PubMed:Diosgenin, a plant-derived sapogenin, enhances regulatory T-cell immunity in the intestine of mice with food allergy.
PubMed:Diosgenin attenuates inflammatory changes in the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages.
PubMed:Novel effects of diosgenin on skin aging.
PubMed:Diosgenin attenuates allergen-induced intestinal inflammation and IgE production in a murine model of food allergy.
PubMed:Diosgenin stimulation of fecal cholesterol excretion in mice is not NPC1L1 dependent.
PubMed:Cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic effects of diosgenin, a food saponin.
PubMed:Distribution of glycoalkaloids in potato tubers of 59 accessions of two wild and five cultivated Solanum species.
PubMed:Potential of spice-derived phytochemicals for cancer prevention.
PubMed:Antioxidative and hypolipidemic effects of diosgenin, a steroidal saponin of yam (Dioscorea spp.), on high-cholesterol fed rats.
PubMed:Diosgenin, a naturally occurring steroid [corrected] saponin suppresses 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase expression and induces apoptosis in HCT-116 human colon carcinoma cells.
PubMed:Biological activities and syntheses of steroidal saponins: the shark-repelling pavoninins.
PubMed:Diosgenin contents and DNA fingerprint screening of various yam (Dioscorea sp.) genotypes.
PubMed:Effects of domestic processing on steroidal saponins in Taiwanese yam cultivar (Dioscorea pseudojaponica Yamamoto).
PubMed:Effect of ethanol extract of dried Chinese yam (Dioscorea batatas) flour containing dioscin on gastrointestinal function in rat model.
PubMed:Molecular targets of dietary agents for prevention and therapy of cancer.
PubMed:Purification and characterization of dioscin-alpha-L-rhamnosidase from pig liver.
PubMed:Hypoglycemic effects of steroidal sapogenins isolated from Jamaican bitter yam, Dioscorea polygonoides.
PubMed:Final report of the amended safety assessment of Dioscorea Villosa (Wild Yam) root extract.
PubMed:Synthesis of bidesmosidic dihydrodiosgenin saponins bearing a 3-O-beta-chacotriosyl moiety.
PubMed:Isolation and identification of steroidal saponins in Taiwanese yam cultivar (Dioscorea pseudojaponica Yamamoto).
PubMed:Quantification of protodioscin and rutin in asparagus shoots by LC/MS and HPLC methods.
PubMed:Anti-obesity effect of Dioscorea nipponica Makino with lipase-inhibitory activity in rodents.
PubMed:The effects of sustained delivery of diosgenin on the adrenal gland of female rats.
PubMed:Solanidine hydrolytic extraction and separation from the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) vines by using solid-liquid-liquid systems.
PubMed:[Screening of steroidal saponins from the bulbs of Lilium brownii var. colchesteri by combination of high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and electron impact mass spectrometry].
PubMed:Effect of feeding solanidine, solasodine and tomatidine to non-pregnant and pregnant mice.
PubMed:In vitro effect of fenugreek extracts on intestinal sodium-dependent glucose uptake and hepatic glycogen phosphorylase A.
PubMed:Variation in diosgenin levels among 10 accessions of fenugreek seeds produced in western Canada.
PubMed:Microdetermination of diosgenin from fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds.
PubMed:Selected herbals and human exercise performance.
PubMed:A capillary electrophoresis laser-induced fluorescence method for analysis of potato glycoalkaloids based on a solution-phase immunoassay. 1. Separation and quantification of immunoassay products.
PubMed:Determination of solanidine- and tomatidine-type glycoalkaloid aglycons by gas Chromatography/Mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Estrogen and progestin bioactivity of foods, herbs, and spices.
PubMed:Dietary diosgenin attenuates subacute intestinal inflammation associated with indomethacin in rats.
PubMed:Feeding of potato, tomato and eggplant alkaloids affects food consumption and body and liver weights in mice.
PubMed:A preliminary assessment of the toxic and mutagenic potential of steroidal alkaloids in transgenic mice.
PubMed:Steroid research at Syntex: "the pill" and cortisone.
PubMed:Absence of genotoxicity of potato alkaloids alpha-chaconine, alpha-solanine and solanidine in the Ames Salmonella and adult and foetal erythrocyte micronucleus assays.
PubMed:Developmental toxicology of potato alkaloids in the frog embryo teratogenesis assay--Xenopus (FETAX).
PubMed:Hepatic ornithine decarboxylase induction by potato glycoalkaloids in rats.
PubMed:Measurement of potato steroidal alkaloids in human serum and saliva by radioimmunoassay.
PubMed:The day of the yam.
PubMed:Determination of solanidine in human plasma by radioimmunoassay.
PubMed:Potato glycoalkaloids.
PubMed:Effect of food toxicants on voluntary wheel running in rats.
 
Notes:
a spirostan found in dioscorea and other plants. the 25s isomer is called yamogenin. solasodine is a natural derivative formed by replacing the spiro-ring with a nitrogen, which can rearrange to solanine.
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