Category:multipurpose additives
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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FDA Mainterm (SATF): | 977051-70-9 ; PETROLEUM WAX |
FDA Regulation: | FDA PART 101 -- FOOD LABELING Subpart A--General Provisions Sec. 101.4 Food; designation of ingredients.
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION Subpart C--Coatings, Films and Related Substances Sec. 172.230 Microcapsules for flavoring substances.
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION Subpart G--Gums, Chewing Gum Bases and Related Substances Sec. 172.615 Chewing gum base.
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION Subpart I--Multipurpose Additives Sec. 172.842 Sorbitan monostearate.
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION Subpart I--Multipurpose Additives Sec. 172.886 Petroleum wax.
FDA PART 173 -- SECONDARY DIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED IN FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION Subpart D--Specific Usage Additives Sec. 173.340 Defoaming agents.
FDA PART 175 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS Subpart B--Substances for Use Only as Components of Adhesives Sec. 175.105 Adhesives.
FDA PART 175 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADHESIVES AND COMPONENTS OF COATINGS Subpart C--Substances for Use as Components of Coatings Sec. 175.320 Resinous and polymeric coatings for polyolefin films.
FDA PART 176 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS Subpart B--Substances for Use Only as Components of Paper and Paperboard Sec. 176.170 Components of paper and paperboard in contact with aqueous and fatty foods.
FDA PART 176 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS Subpart B--Substances for Use Only as Components of Paper and Paperboard Sec. 176.200 Defoaming agents used in coatings.
FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS Subpart B--Substances for Use as Basic Components of Single and Repeated Use Food Contact Surfaces Sec. 177.1200 Cellophane.
FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS Subpart C--Substances for Use Only as Components of Articles Intended for Repeated Use Sec. 177.2420 Polyester resins, cross-linked.
FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS Subpart C--Substances for Use Only as Components of Articles Intended for Repeated Use Sec. 177.2600 Rubber articles intended for repeated use.
FDA PART 177 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: POLYMERS Subpart C--Substances for Use Only as Components of Articles Intended for Repeated Use Sec. 177.2800 Textiles and textile fibers.
FDA PART 178 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS Subpart D--Certain Adjuvants and Production Aids Sec. 178.3710 Petroleum wax.
FDA PART 178 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS Subpart D--Certain Adjuvants and Production Aids Sec. 178.3850 Reinforced wax.
FDA PART 178 -- INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: ADJUVANTS, PRODUCTION AIDS, AND SANITIZERS Subpart D--Certain Adjuvants and Production Aids Sec. 178.3910 Surface lubricants used in the manufacture of metallic articles.
FDA PART 179 -- IRRADIATION IN THE PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND HANDLING OF FOOD Subpart C--Packaging Materials for Irradiated Foods Sec. 179.45 Packaging materials for use during the irradiation of prepackaged foods.
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Physical Properties:
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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Hazards identification |
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Classification of the substance or mixture |
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
None found. |
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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Pictogram | |
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Hazard statement(s) |
None found. |
Precautionary statement(s) |
None found. |
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Dermal Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Inhalation Toxicity: |
Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
Category: | multipurpose additives |
Recommendation for petroleum wax usage levels up to: | | not for fragrance use.
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Recommendation for petroleum wax flavor usage levels up to: |
| not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS): | View |
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances: | View |
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database): | Search |
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status: | View |
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
Articles:
PubMed:[Simultaneous determination of seven residual solvents in bovis calculus artifactus by headspace gas chromatography]. |
PubMed:Expanding the chemical diversity of natural esters by engineering a polyketide-derived pathway into Escherichia coli. |
PubMed:Engineering of chromosomal wax ester synthase integrated Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants for improved biosynthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters. |
PubMed:Thermoplasticization of euglenoid β-1,3-glucans by mixed esterification. |
PubMed:Improved production of fatty acid ethyl esters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through up-regulation of the ethanol degradation pathway and expression of the heterologous phosphoketolase pathway. |
PubMed:Correlation of rocket propulsion fuel properties with chemical composition using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry followed by partial least squares regression analysis. |
PubMed:Effects-driven chemical fractionation of heavy fuel oil to isolate compounds toxic to trout embryos. |
PubMed:Bioinspired in situ growth of conversion films with underwater superoleophobicity and excellent self-cleaning performance. |
PubMed:Kinetic stability and rheology of wax-stabilized water-in-oil emulsions at different water cuts. |
PubMed:Hazardous airborne carbonyls emissions in industrial workplaces in China. |
PubMed:Studies of long chain lipids in insects by high temperature gas chromatography and high temperature gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. |
PubMed:Advancing oleaginous microorganisms to produce lipid via metabolic engineering technology. |
PubMed:Relating rheological measurements to primary and secondary skin feeling when mineral-based and Fischer-Tropsch wax-based cosmetic emulsions and jellies are applied to the skin. |
PubMed:Effect of wax esters as friction modifiers in petroleum base stock. |
PubMed:Chemical exposure among professional ski waxers--characterization of individual work operations. |
PubMed:The benefits of Fischer-Tropsch waxes in synthetic petroleum jelly. |
PubMed:Source apportionment of sediment-associated aliphatic hydrocarbon in a eutrophicated shallow lake, China. |
PubMed:Heavy crude oils/particle stabilized emulsions. |
PubMed:Formulation and in vitro evaluation of the topical antiageing preparation of the fruit of Benincasa hispida. |
PubMed:Resolving co-eluting chromatographic patterns by means of dissimilarity analysis in iterative target transformation factor analysis. |
PubMed:The 'LipoYeasts' project: using the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica in combination with specific bacterial genes for the bioconversion of lipids, fats and oils into high-value products. |
PubMed:Natural, anthropogenic and fossil organic matter in river sediments and suspended particulate matter: a multi-molecular marker approach. |
PubMed:Global approach for the selection of high temperature comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography experimental conditions and quantitative analysis in regards to sulfur-containing compounds in heavy petroleum cuts. |
PubMed:Occurrence, production, and export of lipophilic compounds by hydrocarbonoclastic marine bacteria and their potential use to produce bulk chemicals from hydrocarbons. |
PubMed:Bioremediation of acidic oily sludge-contaminated soil by the novel yeast strain Candida digboiensis TERI ASN6. |
PubMed:Origins of n-alkanes, carbonyl compounds and molecular biomarkers in atmospheric fine and coarse particles of Athens, Greece. |
PubMed:Forensic differentiation of biogenic organic compounds from petroleum hydrocarbons in biogenic and petrogenic compounds cross-contaminated soils and sediments. |
PubMed:A review of biomarker compounds as source indicators and tracers for air pollution. |
PubMed:Composition of the water accommodated fractions as a function of exposure times and temperatures. |
PubMed:The reduction of wax precipitation in waxy crude oils by Pseudomonas species. |
PubMed:Occurrence and mass loadings of n-alkanes in riverine runoff of the Pearl River Delta, South China: global implications for levels and inputs. |
PubMed:The selection of skin care products for use in hyperbaric chamber may depend on flammability acceptability indices score. |
PubMed:Wax inhibition by comb-like polymers: support of the incorporation-perturbation mechanism from molecular dynamics simulations. |
PubMed:Isolation and characterization of a potential paraffin-wax degrading thermophilic bacterial strain Geobacillus kaustophilus TERI NSM for application in oil wells with paraffin deposition problems. |
PubMed:A multi-dimensional high performance liquid chromatographic method for fingerprinting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their alkyl-homologs in the heavy gas oil fraction of Alaskan North Slope crude. |
PubMed:Analysis of storage lipid accumulation in Alcanivorax borkumensis: Evidence for alternative triacylglycerol biosynthesis routes in bacteria. |
PubMed:Abiotic condensation synthesis of glyceride lipids and wax esters under simulated hydrothermal conditions. |
PubMed:How long after waterproofing a deck can you still isolate an ignitable liquid? |
PubMed:Natural and anthropogenic hydrocarbon inputs to sediments of Patos Lagoon Estuary, Brazil. |
PubMed:Settling of paraffin crystals in cooled middle distillate fuels. |
PubMed:Wax ester production by bacteria. |
PubMed:Extractable organic matter in PM10 from LiWan district of Guangzhou City, PR China. |
PubMed:Hydrocarbons in surface sediments from the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary, East China Sea. |
PubMed:Detecting organic tracers from biomass burning in the atmosphere. |
PubMed:Reversed-phase ion-pair liquid chromatographic determination of chlorophacinone and diphacinone in steam-rolled oat baits and steam-rolled oat/wax baits. |
PubMed:Acute renal toxicity after ingestion of Lava light liquid. |
PubMed:Skin surface lipids in HIV-positive patients with and without seborrheic dermatitis. |
PubMed:The crystal structure of waxes. |
PubMed:Cancer mortality patterns by work category in three Texas oil refineries. |
PubMed:The effect of smoke inhalation on pulmonary surfactant. |
PubMed:Screening studies of yeasts capable of utilizing petroleum fractions. |
PubMed:[Aqueous petroleum-oxidizing Arthrobacter]. |
PubMed:Proteins and acids from petroleum. |
PubMed:Long-chain n-alkanes occurring during microbial degradation of petroleum. |
PubMed:Investigation of Erythrina spp. VII. Chemical constituents of Erythrina variegata var. orientalis bark. |
PubMed:Paraffin-wax baths in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. |
PubMed:The induction of tumours of the bladder epithelium in rats by the implantation of paraffin wax pellets. |
PubMed:On the influence of bread baked with paraffine-oil, mineral paraffine or synthetic wax, on the growth of rats and chickens. |
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