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Category:flavoring agents and adjuvants
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 115.00 to 116.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 495.00 to 497.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Vapor Pressure: | 0.000000 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 488.00 °F. TCC ( 253.33 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 3.496 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 161.6 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) | | | water, 4.76E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-guinea pig LDLo 300 mg/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 12, Pg. 497, 1904.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 189 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 91, Pg. 133, 1947.
oral-mouse LD50 1160 mg/kg
British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. Vol. 6, Pg. 185, 1951.
intravenous-cat LDLo 80 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 30, Pg. 327, 1927.
oral-chicken LDLo 857 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: COMA
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY)
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 201, Pg. 402, 1943.
intravenous-dog LDLo 75 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 82, Pg. 266, 1944.
unreported-frog LDLo 350 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 53, 1916.
intravenous-human LDLo 230 ug/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)
Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 17, Pg. 363, 1883.
intravenous-mouse LD50 68300 ug/kg
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 1, Pg. 454, 1959.
intravenous-rabbit LDLo 25 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 82, Pg. 266, 1944.
oral-rabbit LDLo 800 mg/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 12, Pg. 497, 1904.
oral-rat LD50 620 mg/kg
Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C218, 1991.
intramuscular-rat LDLo 300 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 63, Pg. 122, 1938.
intravenous-rat LDLo 75 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 63, Pg. 122, 1938.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
subcutaneous-mouse LDLo 700 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 8, Pg. 53, 1916.
subcutaneous-rabbit LDLo 250 mg/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 12, Pg. 497, 1904.
subcutaneous-dog LDLo 180 mg/kg
Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin. Vol. 11, Pg. 257, 1920.
subcutaneous-rat LDLo 790 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Zeitschrift fuer die Gesamte Experimentelle Medizin. Vol. 11, Pg. 257, 1920.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | flavoring agents and adjuvants |
| Recommendation for quinine hydrochloride usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 790.00 (μg/capita/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 90 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | III |
| Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS). |
| The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library |
| publication number: 3 |
| Click here to view publication 3 |
| | average usual ppm | average maximum ppm |
| baked goods: | - | - |
| beverages(nonalcoholic): | - | 110.00000 |
| beverages(alcoholic): | - | - |
| breakfast cereal: | - | - |
| cheese: | - | - |
| chewing gum: | - | - |
| condiments / relishes: | - | - |
| confectionery froastings: | - | - |
| egg products: | - | - |
| fats / oils: | - | - |
| fish products: | - | - |
| frozen dairy: | - | - |
| fruit ices: | - | - |
| gelatins / puddings: | - | - |
| granulated sugar: | - | - |
| gravies: | - | - |
| hard candy: | - | - |
| imitation dairy: | - | - |
| instant coffee / tea: | - | - |
| jams / jellies: | - | - |
| meat products: | - | - |
| milk products: | - | - |
| nut products: | - | - |
| other grains: | - | - |
| poultry: | - | - |
| processed fruits: | - | - |
| processed vegetables: | - | - |
| reconstituted vegetables: | - | - |
| seasonings / flavors: | - | - |
| snack foods: | - | - |
| soft candy: | - | - |
| soups: | - | - |
| sugar substitutes: | - | - |
| sweet sauces: | - | - |
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| Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
| Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| | average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | - | - |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 10.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Processed fruit (04.1): | - | - |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
| Confectionery (05.0): | 40.00000 | 40.00000 |
| Chewing gum (05.3): | - | - |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | - | - |
| Bakery wares (07.0): | 20.00000 | 20.00000 |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | - | - |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | - | - |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | - | - |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | - | - |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 100.00000 | 100.00000 |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | 100.00000 | 100.00000 |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | - | - |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | - | - |
Safety References:
References:
| | (4-ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-7-yl)-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol hydrochloride |
| NIST Chemistry WebBook: | Search Inchi |
| Canada Domestic Sub. List: | 130-89-2 |
| Pubchem (cid): | 8547 |
| Pubchem (sid): | 134973207 |
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | chinimetten | | | cinchonan-9-ol, 6'-methoxy-, monohydrochloride, (8-a,9R)- | | | cinchonan-9-ol, 6'-methoxy-, monohydrochloride, (8a,9R)- | | | cinchonan-9-ol, 6'-methoxy-, monohydrochloride, dihydrate, (8a,9R)- | | (4- | ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-2-yl)(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol hydrochloride(1:1) | | (4- | ethenyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-7-yl)-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)methanol hydrochloride | | (8alpha,9R)-6'- | methoxycinchonan-9-ol monohydrochloride | | 6'- | methoxycinchonan-9-ol monohydrochloride, (8a,9R)- | | | quinine monohydrochloride | | | quinine muriate | | | quinine, monohydrochloride |
Articles:
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Bitter flavouring Used in tonics and bitter drinks Quinine is a natural white crystalline alkaloid having antipyretic, antimalarial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory properties and a bitter taste. It is a stereoisomer of quinidine which, unlike quinine, is an anti-arrhythmic. Though it has been synthesized in the lab, the bark of the cinchona tree is the only known natural source of quinine. Quinine was the first effective treatment for malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, appearing in therapeutics in the 17th century. It remained the antimalarial drug of choice until the 1940s, when other drugs replaced it. (Wikipedia)
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3D/inchi