EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

lidocaine
acetamide, 2- (diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-

Supplier Sponsors

Name:2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
CAS Number: 137-58-6Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):8059-42-5
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:205-302-8
FDA UNII: 98PI200987
Nikkaji Web:J5.631F
Beilstein Number:2215784
MDL:MFCD00026733
XlogP3:2.30 (est)
Molecular Weight:234.34254000
Formula:C14 H22 N2 O
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
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Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 68.50 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 350.82 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 331.00 °F. TCC ( 166.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 2.440
Soluble in:
 water, 4100 mg/L @ 30 °C (exp)
 water, 237.7 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
American International Chemical, LLC.
Lidocaine Base USP
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Lidocaine >98%
George Uhe Company
Lidocaine
Glentham Life Sciences
Lidocaine
Penta International
LIDOCAINE BASE USP BP EP
Penta International
LIDOCAINE BASE USP
Qingdao Dacon Trading
Lidocaine
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Lidocaine ≥98%
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
Lidocaine powder
sds
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-child TDLo 21 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION
Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. Vol. 30, Pg. 413, 1992.

oral-child TDLo 300 mg/kg/5D-I
VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Pediatric Emergency Care. Vol. 10, Pg. 344, 1994.

intravenous-guinea pig LDLo 65 mg/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 130, Pg. 235, 1961.

intravenous-human TDLo 23 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Archiv fuer Toxikologie. Vol. 28, Pg. 72, 1971.

intravenous-man TDLo 1700 ug/kg/2M-
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION CARDIAC: PULSE RATE BEHAVIORAL: COMA
American Journal of Emergency Medicine. Vol. 4, Pg. 143, 1986.

intravenous-man TDLo 8643 ug/kg/4H-
BEHAVIORAL: TOXIC PSYCHOSIS
Annals of Internal Medicine. Vol. 97, Pg. 149, 1982.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 102 mg/kg
PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: LOCAL ANESTHETIC BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 24, Pg. 1059, 1981.

intravenous-mouse LD50 20 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD VASCULAR: BP LOWERING NOT CHARACTERIZED IN AUTONOMIC SECTION LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 123, Pg. 269, 1958.

oral-mouse LD50 220 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION BEHAVIORAL: REGIDITY
Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 16, Pg. 1275, 1966.

intravenous-rabbit LDLo 41 mg/kg
Acta Pharmacologica et Toxicologica. Vol. 31, Pg. 273, 1972.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50 133 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 243, Pg. 97, 1980.

intravenous-rat LD50 18 mg/kg
United States Patent Document. Vol. #5264432

oral-rat LD50 317 mg/kg
Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. Vol. 110, Pg. 330, 1971.

unreported-rat LD50 39400 ug/kg
Farmakologiya i Toksikologiya Vol. 54(3), Pg. 32, 1991.

Dermal Toxicity:
subcutaneous-guinea pig LD50 120 mg/kg
Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica. Vol. 10, Pg. 883, 1955.

subcutaneous-mouse LD50 238 mg/kg
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. 28, Pg. 714, 1985.

subcutaneous-rat LD50 335 mg/kg
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry--Chimie Therapeutique. Vol. 9, Pg. 188, 1974.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
pharmaceuticals / chemical synthisis
Recommendation for lidocaine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for lidocaine flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):137-58-6
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :3676
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
Chemidplus:0000137586
RTECS:AN7525000 for cas# 137-58-6
 
References:
 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:137-58-6
Pubchem (cid):3676
Pubchem (sid):134973736
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C07073
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
MedlinePlusSupp:View
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•some injections of lidocaine hydrochloride contain epinephrine to delay absorption, prolong its action, & reduce its toxic effects. lidocaine hydrochloride •(lignocaine; xylocaine, others) prepn incl injections, & ointments, jelly, topical soln & topical aerosol. for oral mucosa market prepn (0.5 to 4.0%), some with & without epinephrine (1:150,000 to 1:200,000), are suitable for infiltration (0.5%), block (1 to 2%), & topical mucosal anesthesia (1 to 2%). lidocaine hydrochloride •injections, usp (xylocaine), is available for iv admin solution for im injection injection contains no preservative, sympathomimetics, or other vasoconstrictor. lidocaine hydrochloride •grade: usp
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 not found in nature
 
Synonyms:
 acetamide, 2- (diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-
 acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-
2',6'-acetoxylidide, 2-(diethylamino)-
 after burn spray
 alphacaine
 anestacon
 anestacon jelly
 cappicaine
 cito optadren
 dentipatch
 dermaflex
a-diethylamino-2, 6-dimethylacetanilide
a-diethylamino-2,6-dimethylacetanilide
2-diethylamino-2',6'-acetoxylidide
a-(diethylamino)-2,6-acetoxylidide
2-(diethylamino)-2',6'-acetoxylidide
2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
 dilocaine
N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N2,N2-diethylglycinamide
 duncaine
 esracaine
 gravocain
 isicaina
 isicaine
 lanabiotic
 leostesin
 lida-mantle
 lidocaina
 lidocainum
 lidoderm
 lidoject-1
 lidoject-2
 lidothesin
 lignocaine
 lignocainum
 lignostab
 maricaine
 norwood sunburn spray
 octocaine
 octocaine-100
 octocaine-50
 oraqix
 rucaina
 solcain
 xilina
 xllina
 xycaine
 xylestesin
 xylocain
 xylocaine
 xylocitin
 xylotox
 zilactin-L
 

Articles:

PubMed:More methemoglobin is produced by benzocaine treatment than lidocaine treatment in human in vitro systems.
PubMed:Convulsions during cataract surgery under peribulbar anesthesia: a case report.
PubMed:Co-administration of memantine with epinephrine produces a marked peripheral action in intensifying and prolonging analgesia in response to local skin pinprick in rats.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of psychoactive compounds in foodstuffs using micellar liquid chromatography with direct injection.
PubMed:Study on patients who underwent suspected diagnosis of allergy to amide-type local anesthetic agents by the leukocyte migration test.
PubMed:Astringency is a trigeminal sensation that involves the activation of G protein-coupled signaling by phenolic compounds.
PubMed:Lidocaine: cough (fentanyl induced).
PubMed:An Approach to Heparin and Lidocaine Hypersensitivity for the Interventional Nephrologist.
PubMed:Midface and perioral volume restoration: a conversation between the US and Italy.
PubMed:Food for thought: atrioventricular dissociation.
PubMed:Otologic iontophoresis: a no-papoose technique.
PubMed:Biodegradable poly([D,L]-lactide-co-glycolide) nanofibers for the sustainable delivery of lidocaine into the epidural space after laminectomy.
PubMed:Pain‑relieving effect of a compound isolated from white peony root oral liquid on acute radiation‑induced esophagitis.
PubMed:Oligo-antigenic diet in the treatment of chronic anal fissures. Evidence for a relationship between food hypersensitivity and anal fissures.
PubMed:Establishment of auditory discrimination and detection of tinnitus induced by salicylic acid and intense tone exposure in the rat.
PubMed:Source memory in the rat.
PubMed:Administration of anesthetic and analgesic prevent the suppression of many leukocyte responses following surgical castration and physical dehorning.
PubMed:Anisomycin infusions in the parabrachial nucleus and taste neophobia.
PubMed:Influence of the capillary diameter on the separation efficiency and sensitivity: a systematic approach.
PubMed:Conditioned response to a magnetic anomaly in the Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos domestica) involves the trigeminal nerve.
PubMed:Differential involvement of prelimbic and infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex in discrete cue-induced reinstatement of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; ecstasy) seeking in rats.
PubMed:Rats answer an unexpected question after incidental encoding.
PubMed:A comparison of the organization of longitudinal and circular contractions during pendular and segmental activity in the duodenum of the rat and guinea pig.
PubMed:The prevalence and cost of unapproved uses of top-selling orphan drugs.
PubMed:Topical anesthetics for dermatologic procedures: a review.
PubMed:The role of the ventrolateral caudoputamen in predatory hunting.
PubMed:Evaluation of the isoflurane-sparing effects of lidocaine infusion during umbilical surgery in calves.
PubMed:Semiautomatic intraosseous devices in pediatric prehospital care.
PubMed:Noradrenergic projections to the ventromedial hypothalamus regulate fat metabolism during endurance exercise.
PubMed:Blood sampling in infants (reducing pain and morbidity).
PubMed:The use of topical lidocaine to reduce pain during repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression.
PubMed:Update on treatments for premature ejaculation.
PubMed:Minor beak trimming in chickens leads to loss of mechanoreception and magnetoreception.
PubMed:Isoproterenol as an adjunct for treatment of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation storm in a pregnant woman.
PubMed:Droperidol analgesia for opioid-tolerant patients.
PubMed:Efficacy of articaine formulations: quantitative reviews.
PubMed:Luminal serotonin time-dependently modulates vagal afferent driven antinociception in response to colorectal distention in rats.
PubMed:Available and future therapies for premature ejaculation.
PubMed:Effects of lidocaine on esophageal secondary peristalsis in humans.
PubMed:Assessment: symptomatic treatment for muscle cramps (an evidence-based review): report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American academy of neurology.
PubMed:Regulation of bite force increase during splitting of food.
PubMed:Cluster headache.
PubMed:Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (out-of-hospital cardiac arrests).
PubMed:Postherpetic neuralgia.
PubMed:Off-label use of cardiovascular medications in children hospitalized with congenital and acquired heart disease.
PubMed:[Intrauterine intestinal volvulus].
PubMed:5-HT 3 receptors mediate the time-dependent vagal afferent modulation of nociception during chronic food allergen-sensitized visceral hyperalgesia in rats.
PubMed:Blood sampling in infants (reducing pain and morbidity).
PubMed:Isobaric (gasless) laparoscopic liver and kidney biopsy in standing steers.
PubMed:An absorbable local anesthetic matrix provides several days of functional sciatic nerve blockade.
PubMed:Spatiotemporal mapping of the motility of the isolated chicken caecum.
PubMed:One-port video assisted laparoscopic kidney biopsy in standing steers.
PubMed:A review of patent literature for iontophoretic delivery and devices.
PubMed:[Pulmonary aspiration during anesthetic induction in a patient with a history of distal gastrectomy].
PubMed:Assessment of genotoxicity of Lidocaine, Prilonest and Septanest in the Drosophila wing-spot test.
PubMed:Study on interaction between drug and membrane by using liposome coated zirconia-magnesia chromatography.
PubMed:Update on pharmacotherapy guidelines for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
PubMed:Topical anesthetic creams.
PubMed:Hippocampal regulation of contextual cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior.
PubMed:Reporting a fatality during tumescent liposuction.
PubMed:Cluster headache.
PubMed:Five-year safety and efficacy of a novel polymethylmethacrylate aesthetic soft tissue filler for the correction of nasolabial folds.
PubMed:Premature ejaculation: current and future treatments.
PubMed:The use of compound topical anesthetics: a review.
PubMed:Linker-based lecithin microemulsions for transdermal delivery of lidocaine.
PubMed:[Case of intractable ventricula fibrillation by a multicomponent dietary supplement containing ephedra and caffeine overdose].
PubMed:Spatial cognition and memory: a reversible lesion with lidocaine into the anteromedial/posterior parietal cortex (AM/PPC) affects differently working and long-term memory on two foraging tasks.
PubMed:Warnings for makers of compounded pain products.
PubMed:Phase 1A safety assessment of intravenous amitriptyline.
PubMed:Evaluation of lidocaine treatment and risk factors for death associated with gastric dilatation and volvulus in dogs: 112 cases (1997-2005).
PubMed:Topical lidocaine for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.
PubMed:The hippocampus plays a critical role at encoding discontiguous events for subsequent declarative memory expression in mice.
PubMed:Effects of ventrolateral striatal inactivation on predatory hunting.
PubMed:Postherpetic neuralgia.
PubMed:Using intranasal lidocaine to reduce food intake.
PubMed:Microemulsions as transdermal drug delivery vehicles.
PubMed:The full stomach test as a novel diagnostic technique for identifying patients at risk of Brugada syndrome.
PubMed:Lignocaine and chlorhexidine toxicity in children resulting from mouth paint ingestion: a bottling problem.
PubMed:The "inverted cup" -- a novel in vitro release technique for drugs in lipid formulations.
PubMed:Development of a technique for serial bilateral renal biopsy in steers.
PubMed:Sedation and analgesia for gastrointestinal endoscopy during pregnancy.
PubMed:A comparison of a needle-free injection system for local anesthesia versus EMLA for intravenous catheter insertion in the pediatric patient.
PubMed:Ventricular tachyarrhythmias (out-of-hospital cardiac arrests).
PubMed:Distribution of radioactive lidocaine injected into the testes in piglets.
PubMed:Tolerability of treatments for postherpetic neuralgia.
PubMed:Severe contact urticaria to guar gum included as gelling agent in a local anaesthetic.
PubMed:Evaluation of middle and distal esophageal diverticuli with transnasal esophagoscopy.
PubMed:Fatal case of BOTOX-related anaphylaxis?
PubMed:From physical pharmacy to clinical pharmacology.
PubMed:Analysis of lidocaine and its major metabolite, monoethylglycinexylidide, in elk velvet antler by liquid chromatography with UV detection and confirmation by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Pre-emptive effects of ibuprofen syrup and lidocaine infiltration on post-operative analgesia in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
PubMed:Bi-hemispheric contribution to functional motor recovery of the affected forelimb following focal ischemic brain injury in rats.
PubMed:The effect of bilateral lingual nerve anesthesia and increased occlusal vertical dimension on the onset of swallowing in adult males.
PubMed:Intestinal electric stimulation decreases fat absorption in rats: therapeutic potential for obesity.
PubMed:Perinatal hypothyroidism increases the susceptibility to lidocaine-kindling in adult rats.
PubMed:Reversible inactivation of hippocampus and dorsolateral striatum in C57BL/6 and DBA/2 inbred mice failed to show interaction between memory systems in these genotypes.
PubMed:Diagnostic techniques and clinicopathologic findings in ruminant neurologic disease.
PubMed:Multimodal therapy for interstitial cystitis.
PubMed:Hippocampal memory system function and the regulation of cocaine self-administration behavior in rats.
PubMed:Lidocaine inactivation of ventral subiculum attenuates cocaine-seeking behavior in rats.
PubMed:Modifiers of gastrointestinal motility of cattle.
PubMed:Intra-hippocampal lidocaine injections impair acquisition of a place task and facilitate acquisition of a response task in rats.
PubMed:Reversible inactivation of the hippocampal formation in food-storing black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus).
PubMed:[Postoperative ileus: part II (Clinical therapy)].
PubMed:Independent modulation of basal and feeding-evoked dopamine efflux in the nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex by the central and basolateral amygdalar nuclei in the rat.
PubMed:Modulation by central and basolateral amygdalar nuclei of dopaminergic correlates of feeding to satiety in the rat nucleus accumbens and medial prefrontal cortex.
PubMed:Local anesthetic toxicity--does product labeling reflect actual risk?
PubMed:Comparison of HPLC and multivariate regression methods for hydrocortisone and lidocaine analysis of pharmaceutical preparations.
PubMed:Collagen as a clinical target: nonoperative treatment of Dupuytren's disease.
PubMed:Office-based transurethral microwave thermotherapy using the TherMatrx TMx-2000.
PubMed:On the mechanism of colonic motility: the electric activation theory of colonic contraction.
PubMed:Articaine, a new local anesthetic for American dentists: will it supersede lidocaine?
PubMed:Two procedures establishing preference for oral cocaine and lidocaine solutions which do not use an associative history with a reinforcer.
PubMed:An ethicist's commentary on animal welfare versus food safety in collecting antler velvet.
PubMed:Alleviation of overtraining reversal effect by transient inactivation of the dorsal striatum.
PubMed:Use of lignocaine (lidocaine) in food animals.
PubMed:Use of lignocaine in food animals.
PubMed:Serum leptin levels in patients with viral chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis.
PubMed:Use of lignocaine in food animals.
PubMed:New analgesics for neuropathic pain: the lidocaine patch.
PubMed:Establishing oral preference for quinine, phencyclidine and caffeine solutions in rats.
PubMed:Establishing preference for lidocaine solution to water: comparison between a fading and an abrupt-removal procedure for withdrawing a compound vehicle.
PubMed:Products in dermatologic surgery: unapproved treatments or indications.
PubMed:Role of sensation in swallowing function.
PubMed:Cubic phases for studies of drug partition into lipid bilayers.
PubMed:Hepatic chemoembolization: effect of intraarterial lidocaine on pain and postprocedure recovery.
PubMed:Drug compatibility with the sponge phases formed in monoolein, water, and propylene glycol or poly(ethylene glycol).
PubMed:Spectrum of gestational exposure to illicit drugs and other xenobiotic agents in newborn infants by meconium analysis.
PubMed:The role of the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus in relation to conditioned motor performance in the cat. II. Effects of reversible inactivation by intracerebral microinjections.
PubMed:Cocaine discrimination: relationship to local anesthetics and monoamine uptake inhibitors in C57BL/6 mice.
PubMed:D1 receptor modulation of hippocampal-prefrontal cortical circuits integrating spatial memory with executive functions in the rat.
PubMed:Extralabel use of tranquilizers and general anesthetics.
PubMed:The role of an amygdalo-nigrostriatal pathway in associative learning.
PubMed:New drug approvals in 1996.
PubMed:An evaluation of intraoral lidocaine patches in reducing needle-insertion pain.
PubMed:Selective roles for hippocampal, prefrontal cortical, and ventral striatal circuits in radial-arm maze tasks with or without a delay.
PubMed:Sucralfate for radiation mucositis: results of a double-blind randomized trial.
PubMed:Schedule-induced polydipsic choice between cocaine and lidocaine solutions: critical importance of associative history.
PubMed:The role of anterior ectosylvian cortex in cross-modality orientation and approach behavior.
PubMed:Identification of 2,6-xylidine as a major lidocaine metabolite in human liver slices.
PubMed:Local and regional anesthesia in ruminants and swine.
PubMed:Comparative bioavailability and safety of two intramuscular ceftriaxone formulations.
PubMed:Effects of cholestyramine and parenteral nutrition on hepatic metabolism of lidocaine: a study using isolated rat liver perfusion.
PubMed:Unilateral amygdala inactivation after training attenuates memory for reduced reward.
PubMed:Effects of taurine supplementation in parenteral nutrition-associated hepatosteatosis and lidocaine metabolism. A study using isolated rat liver perfusion.
PubMed:Inactivation of hippocampus or caudate nucleus with lidocaine differentially affects expression of place and response learning.
PubMed:Medial septal control of theta-correlated unit firing in the entorhinal cortex of awake rats.
PubMed:The effect of liver disease and food on plasma MEGX concentrations.
PubMed:Amygdala modulates memory for changes in reward magnitude: reversible post-training inactivation with lidocaine attenuates the response to a reduction in reward.
PubMed:Oral cocaine as a reinforcer: acquisition conditions and importance of stimulus control.
PubMed:Reversible lesions of the nucleus of the solitary tract attenuate the memory-modulating effects of posttraining epinephrine.
PubMed:Individual variation in first-pass metabolism.
PubMed:Influence of tactile stimulation of the rat gastric mucosa on blood flow and acid output.
PubMed:Cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects of procaine, dimethocaine and lidocaine in rats.
PubMed:An extract of Gymnema sylvestre leaves and purified gymnemic acid inhibits glucose-stimulated gastric inhibitory peptide secretion in rats.
PubMed:Very low calorie diets and pre-fasting prolonged QT interval. A hidden potential danger.
PubMed:Gastric motility and food intake in rats after lesions of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.
PubMed:Medication errors.
PubMed:Stabilization by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid of amide and other groups in drug compounds.
PubMed:Antiarrhythmic properties of triamterene derivatives in the coronary artery ligated rat model.
PubMed:New developments in pediatric dermatology.
PubMed:Patient care threatened by presence of concentrated lidocaine syringes.
PubMed:Antiarrhythmic properties of benzyl-triamterene derivatives in the coronary artery ligated and reperfused rat.
PubMed:In vitro testing of triamterene derivatives for antiarrhythmic activity.
PubMed:Factors affecting the voluntary intake of food by sheep. 5. The inhibitory effect of hypertonicity in the rumen.
PubMed:Dangers of defibrillation: injuries to emergency personnel during patient resuscitation.
PubMed:Effects of anaesthesia of human oral structures on masticatory performance and food particle size distribution.
PubMed:Antiarrhythmic activity of the local anaesthetic fomocaine and some of its analogues.
PubMed:Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and jejunostomy for long-term feeding in patients with cancer of the head and neck.
PubMed:Discriminative stimulus properties of local anesthetics in d-amphetamine- and pentobarbital-trained pigeons.
PubMed:[Severe complications related to metabisulfites].
PubMed:Propafenone: a new antiarrhythmic agent.
PubMed:New antiarrhythmic drugs: tocainide, mexiletine, flecainide, encainide, and amiodarone.
PubMed:Severe dermatologic reactions reported after treatment with tocainide.
PubMed:The influence of gastrointestinal infusions of glucose on regulation of food intake in pigs.
PubMed:Lack of effects of prenatal exposure to lidocaine on development of behavior in rats.
PubMed:Lethal/toxic injection of 20% lidocaine: a well-known complication of an unnecessary preparation?
PubMed:Techniques of local analgesia in ruminants and swine.
PubMed:Stability of sterile aqueous epinephrine injections submitted by U.S. hospitals.
PubMed:Stability of sterile aqueous lidocaine hydrochloride and epinephrine injections submitted by U.S. hospitals.
PubMed:Brain sites involved in the mediation of the behavioral effects of intraventricularly administered (-)-nicotine.
PubMed:Use of cultured human conjunctival and other cells to assess the relative toxicity of six local anaesthetics.
PubMed:Discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine in pigeons.
PubMed:Injectable collagen: a six-year clinical investigation.
PubMed:First-pass elimination. Basic concepts and clinical consequences.
PubMed:Effects of local anesthetics on fixed-interval responding in rhesus monkeys.
PubMed:Gnawing is the preferred consummatory behavior initially induced by tail pinch.
PubMed:Effect of food on lidocaine kinetics: mechanism of food-related alteration in high intrinsic clearance drug elimination.
PubMed:Food-animal regional anesthesia. Bovine blocks: continuous epidural anesthesia.
PubMed:Suppression of mouse killing by lateral hypothalamic infusion of atropine sulfate in the rat: a general behavioral suppression.
PubMed:[Evaluation of hepato-biliary functional scintigraphy with 99mTc diethyle-IDA. Findings in normal livers (author's transl)].
PubMed:Ventricular tachycardia in a patient with the "Chinese restaurant syndrome".
PubMed:Acid and pepsin secretion of separated gastric pouches during perfusion of antral pouches with cholinergic stimulating and blocking agents and lignocaine.
PubMed:Kinetics of the oral antiarrhythmic lidocaine congener, tocainide.
PubMed:Evaluation of preparations of patent blue (Alphazurine 2G) dye for parenteral use.
PubMed:Chemicals bathing the oxyntic gland area stimulate acid secretion in dog.
PubMed:A further failure to replicate an effect of oral anesthesia on alcohol consumption by rats.
PubMed:Differential effects of peripheral and central anosmia producing techniques on spontaneous behavior patterns.
PubMed:Oral lignocaine: its absorption and effectiveness in ventricular arrhythmia control.
PubMed:EFFECTS OF BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN ON WATER INTAKE, FOOD INTAKE, AND BODY TEMPERATURE IN THE ALBINO RAT.
 
Notes:
a local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of procaine but its duration of action is shorter than that of bupivacaine or prilocaine.
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