EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

artemisin
8-hydroxysantonin

Supplier Sponsors

Name:(3S,3aR,4S,5aS,9bS)-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-benzo[g][1]benzofuran-2,8-dione
CAS Number: 481-05-0Picture of molecule3D/inchi
FDA UNII: Y1R67R7XWU
Nikkaji Web:J14.400B
XlogP3-AA:1.10 (est)
Molecular Weight:262.30526000
Formula:C15 H18 O4
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:natural substances and extractives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
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Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 203.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 470.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 354.00 °F. TCC ( 178.80 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 0.290 (est)
Soluble in:
 water, 4.087e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Artemisin 95%
 
Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for artemisin usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for artemisin flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :65030
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
(3S,3aR,4S,5aS,9bS)-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-benzo[g][1]benzofuran-2,8-dione
Chemidplus:0000481050
 
References:
 (3S,3aR,4S,5aS,9bS)-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-benzo[g][1]benzofuran-2,8-dione
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):65030
Pubchem (sid):135023117
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C09344
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
EFSA Update of results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Previous report: Results on the monitoring of furan levels in food:Read Report
EFSA Report of the CONTAM Panel on provisional findings on furan in food:Read Report
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 found in nature
 
Synonyms:
6a,8a-dihydroxy-3-oxoeudesma-1,4-dien-12-oic Acid 12,6-Lactone
(3S,3aR,4S,5aS,9bS)-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,4,5,9b-tetrahydro-3H-benzo[g][1]benzofuran-2,8-dione
(3S,3aR,4S,5aS,9bS)-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,5,5a,9b-tetrahydro-3H,4H-naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2,8-dione
(3S,3aR,4S,5aS,9bS)-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-3a,5,5a,9b-tetrahydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2,8(3H,4H)-dione
8-hydroxysantonin
 naphtho[1,2-b]furan-2,8(3H,4H)-dione, 3a,5,5a,9b-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl-, (3S,3aR,4S,5aS,9bS)-
(3S-(3alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,5abeta,9bbeta))-3a,5,5a,9b-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethyl naphtho(1,2-b)furan-2,8(3H,4H)-dione
3a,5,5a,9b-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethylnaphtho[1,2- b]furan-2,8(3H,4H)-dione
[3S-(3a,3aa,4a,5ab,9bb)]-3a,5,5a,9b-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-3,5a,9-trimethylnaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2,8(3H,4H)-dione
 

Articles:

PubMed:Nonclassical CH-π Supramolecular Interactions in Artemisinic Acid Favor a Single Conformation, Yielding High Diastereoselectivity in the Reduction with Diazene.
PubMed:Advances in nanomedicines for malaria treatment.
PubMed:Genotoxic evaluation of the antimalarial drugs artemisinin and artesunate in human HepG2 cells and effects on CASP3 and SOD1 gene expressions.
PubMed:The interplay between drug resistance and fitness in malaria parasites.
PubMed:Anti-malarial prescription practices among outpatients with laboratory-confirmed malaria in the setting of a health facility-based sentinel site surveillance system in Uganda.
PubMed:Community case management in malaria: review and perspectives after four years of operational experience in Saraya district, south-east Senegal.
PubMed:Review of the malaria epidemiology and trends in Zambia.
PubMed:Synthetic biology and genetic causation.
PubMed:Timing is everything for artemisinin action.
PubMed:Altered temporal response of malaria parasites determines differential sensitivity to artemisinin.
PubMed:An investigation of the auto-induction of and gender-related variability in the pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin in the rat.
PubMed:The Affordable Medicines Facility-malaria--a success in peril.
PubMed:Can a single "powerless" mitochondrion in the malaria parasite contribute to parasite programmed cell death in the asexual stages?
PubMed:The Affordable Medicines Facility--malaria: killing it slowly.
PubMed:Effect of the Affordable Medicines Facility--malaria (AMFm) on the availability, price, and market share of quality-assured artemisinin-based combination therapies in seven countries: a before-and-after analysis of outlet survey data.
PubMed:Public health. From financing to fevers: lessons of an antimalarial subsidy program.
PubMed:Public health. Optimizing investments in malaria treatment and diagnosis.
PubMed:Closing the access barrier for effective anti-malarials in the private sector in rural Uganda: consortium for ACT private sector subsidy (CAPSS) pilot study.
PubMed:Decreased prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance markers to amodiaquine despite its wide scale use as ACT partner drug in Zanzibar.
PubMed:Trends in availability and prices of subsidized ACT over the first year of the AMFm: evidence from remote regions of Tanzania.
PubMed:Molecular analysis of markers associated with chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites from southeastern Côte-d'Ivoire by the time of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy adoption in 2005.
PubMed:Biochemical characterization and identification of a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Artemisia annua.
PubMed:The impact of impurities in various crude A. annua extracts on the analysis of artemisinin by liquid chromatographic methods.
PubMed:Increased use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests improves targeting of anti-malarial treatment in rural Tanzania: implications for nationwide rollout of malaria rapid diagnostic tests.
PubMed:QSAR, docking and ADMET studies of artemisinin derivatives for antimalarial activity targeting plasmepsin II, a hemoglobin-degrading enzyme from P. falciparum.
PubMed:Pfatp6 molecular profile of Plasmodium falciparum isolates in the western Brazilian Amazon.
PubMed:[Studies on allelopathic effect of artemisinin on rhizobium].
PubMed:Synthetic biology and the development of tools for metabolic engineering.
PubMed:Malaria control in Bhutan: case study of a country embarking on elimination.
PubMed:Mining of miRNAs and potential targets from gene oriented clusters of transcripts sequences of the anti-malarial plant, Artemisia annua.
PubMed:Poor quality vital anti-malarials in Africa - an urgent neglected public health priority.
PubMed:Case management of malaria fever in Cambodia: results from national anti-malarial outlet and household surveys.
PubMed:Monitoring fever treatment behaviour and equitable access to effective medicines in the context of initiatives to improve ACT access: baseline results and implications for programming in six African countries.
PubMed:Got ACTs? Availability, price, market share and provider knowledge of anti-malarial medicines in public and private sector outlets in six malaria-endemic countries.
PubMed:The ACTwatch project: methods to describe anti-malarial markets in seven countries.
PubMed:Ajuga remota Benth.: from ethnopharmacology to phytomedical perspective in the treatment of malaria.
PubMed:The parasite clearance curve.
PubMed:Drug resistance in malaria.
PubMed:Socially-marketed rapid diagnostic tests and ACT in the private sector: ten years of experience in Cambodia.
PubMed:Feasibility and acceptability of ACT for the community case management of malaria in urban settings in five African sites.
PubMed:Taking stock: provider prescribing practices in the presence and absence of ACT stock.
PubMed:Relative costs and effectiveness of treating uncomplicated malaria in two rural districts in Zambia: implications for nationwide scale-up of home-based management.
PubMed:Community case management of malaria using ACT and RDT in two districts in Zambia: achieving high adherence to test results using community health workers.
PubMed:[Treatment of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa: significant progress but measures not always applicable].
PubMed:Reductions in malaria and anaemia case and death burden at hospitals following scale-up of malaria control in Zanzibar, 1999-2008.
PubMed:Artemisinins act through at least two targets in a yeast model.
PubMed:A research agenda for malaria eradication: drugs.
PubMed:Screening the Hemostatic Active Fraction of Artemisia annua L. In-vitro.
PubMed:An assessment of early diagnosis and treatment of malaria by village health volunteers in the Lao PDR.
PubMed:From fever to anti-malarial: the treatment-seeking process in rural Senegal.
PubMed:The quest for universal access to effective malaria treatment: how can the AMFm contribute?
PubMed:Potential threat of malaria epidemics in a low transmission area, as exemplified by São Tomé and Príncipe.
PubMed:Maximising the public health benefit of antimalarials.
PubMed:Cambodian villagers help to tackle malaria resistance with simple public health measures.
PubMed:Appropriate time for primaquine treatment to reduce Plasmodium falciparum transmission in hypoendemic areas.
PubMed:Ocular complications of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
PubMed:Malaria control beyond 2010.
PubMed:Cambodia cracks down on illegal drug vendors in bid to counter antimalarial resistance.
PubMed:Policy brief on improving access to artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria in the East African community.
PubMed:Policy brief on improving access to artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria in Mozambique.
PubMed:Policy brief on improving access to artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria control in Ethiopia.
PubMed:Policy brief on improving access to artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria in Central African Republic.
PubMed:Policy brief on improving access to artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria in Cameroon.
PubMed:Policy brief on improving access to artemisinin-based combination therapies for malaria in Burkina Faso.
PubMed:Malaria treatment should begin with parasitological diagnosis where possible, says WHO.
PubMed:In Vivo Antimalarial Effects of Iranian Flora Artemisia khorassanica against Plasmodium berghei and Pharmacochemistry of its Natural Components.
PubMed:Effects of ethanol extract of Artemisia annua L. against monogenean parasites of Heterobranchus longifilis.
PubMed:Efficacy and safety of quinine-artesunate in an HIV-positive patient with severe falciparum malaria.
PubMed:1-Bromo-2-(10β-dihydro-artemisin-oxy)ethane.
PubMed:Probing the antimalarial mechanism of artemisinin and OZ277 (arterolane) with nonperoxidic isosteres and nitroxyl radicals.
PubMed:Antimalarials and the fight against malaria in Brazil.
PubMed:Stimulation of artemisinin synthesis by combined cerebroside and nitric oxide elicitation in Artemisia annua hairy roots.
PubMed:Affordable medicines facility for malaria.
PubMed:Eradicating malaria.
PubMed:Embryotoxicity of the artemisinin antimalarials and potential consequences for use in women in the first trimester.
PubMed:Malaria overdiagnosis and burden of malaria misdiagnosis in the suburbs of central Sudan: special emphasis on artemisinin-based combination therapy era.
PubMed:[Beneficial effect of using ACT for treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria on prevention of severe malarial anemia in children].
PubMed:Artesunate causes relaxation of rat aortic rings and reduces the contractile response to noradrenaline.
PubMed:A randomized trial of artesunate-mefloquine versus artemether-lumefantrine for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Mali.
PubMed:Analysis of underivatized artemisinin and related sesquiterpene lactones by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection.
PubMed:Spread of anti-malarial drug resistance: mathematical model with implications for ACT drug policies.
PubMed:Willingness and ability to pay for artemisinin-based combination therapy in rural Tanzania.
PubMed:Predicting Global Fund grant disbursements for procurement of artemisinin-based combination therapies.
PubMed:Progress in malaria control in endemic areas.
PubMed:Investigation of the redox behavior of ferroquine, a new antimalarial.
PubMed:Heterologous production of secondary metabolites as pharmaceuticals in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed:[Treatment of malaria: outlook].
PubMed:Diversity of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase orthologue of Plasmodium falciparum (PfATP6).
PubMed:The cost-effectiveness of parasitologic diagnosis for malaria-suspected patients in an era of combination therapy.
PubMed:Large-scale surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum crt(K76T) in northern Ghana.
PubMed:Artemisinin, promising lead natural product for various drug developments.
PubMed:WHO confronts Chinese company over malaria drug.
PubMed:The cost of uncomplicated childhood fevers to Kenyan households: implications for reaching international access targets.
PubMed:Pharmacodynamic interaction between atovaquone and other antimalarial compounds against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.
PubMed:[Management of children severe malaria in Tsévié's (Togo) hospital regional center].
PubMed:[The preparation of an elicitor from a fungal endophyte to enhance artemisinin production in hairy root cultures of Artemisia annua L].
PubMed:Malaria treatment failures after artemisinin-based therapy in three expatriates: could improved manufacturer information help to decrease the risk of treatment failure?
PubMed:Genetic linkage of pfmdr1 with food vacuolar solute import in Plasmodium falciparum.
PubMed:Reflections on the 'discovery' of the antimalarial qinghao.
PubMed:Gold(III) Salen complex-catalyzed synthesis of propargylamines via a three-component coupling reaction.
PubMed:Toxic brainstem encephalopathy after artemisinin treatment for breast cancer.
PubMed:Effects of artemisinin, artemether, arteether on the pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine.
PubMed:Medicinal plants useful for malaria therapy in Okeigbo, Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria.
PubMed:Amodiaquine and combination chemotherapy for malaria.
PubMed:The herbal tea approach for artemisinin as a therapy for malaria?
PubMed:Rolling back malaria: opportunities and challenges.
PubMed:Comparative study of the in vitro sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to artemisinin in two border areas of Thailand.
PubMed:Health agencies end in-fighting on malaria.
PubMed:The Global Fund and effective malaria treatment.
PubMed:Population pharmacokinetics of artemether and dihydroartemisinin following single intramuscular dosing of artemether in African children with severe falciparum malaria.
PubMed:An affordable antimalarial.
PubMed:[Therapeutic advances against malaria in 2003].
PubMed:Malaria: blood slides under treatment.
PubMed:Growth inhibition activity of thioacetal artemisinin derivatives against human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
PubMed:An over four millennium story behind qinghaosu (artemisinin)--a fantastic antimalarial drug from a traditional chinese herb.
PubMed:A contrarian view of malaria therapy policy in Africa.
PubMed:The effect of 10 alpha-trifluoromethylhydroartemisinin on Plasmodium berghei infection and its toxicity in experimental animals.
PubMed:Carrier-mediated partitioning of artemisinin into Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes.
PubMed:Fourier transform infrared investigation of non-heme Fe(III) and Fe(II) decomposition of artemisinin and of a simplified trioxane alcohol.
PubMed:Frequency of early rising parasitemia in falciparum malaria treated with artemisinin derivatives.
PubMed:Mode of action and mechanisms of resistance for antimalarial drugs.
PubMed:Assessment of the antimalarial potential of tetraoxane WR 148999.
PubMed:Novel ferrocenic artemisinin derivatives: synthesis, in vitro antimalarial activity and affinity of binding with ferroprotoporphyrin IX.
PubMed:The potential of Artemisia annua L. as a locally produced remedy for malaria in the tropics: agricultural, chemical and clinical aspects.
PubMed:Efficacy and effectiveness of five day treatment of uncomplicated falciparum with artemisinin or artesunate in Vietnam.
PubMed:Antimalarial, antiproliferative, and antitumor activities of artemisinin-derived, chemically robust, trioxane dimers.
PubMed:Clearance of young parasite forms following treatment of falciparum malaria in humans: comparison of three simple mathematical models.
PubMed:Effects of components of Artemisia annua on coccidia infections in chickens.
PubMed:In-vitro activity of macrolides alone and in combination with artemisin, atovaquone, dapsone, minocycline or pyrimethamine against Cryptosporidium parvum.
PubMed:Pharmaceuticals from plants: promises and progress.
PubMed:Interactions of atovaquone with other antimalarial drugs against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro.
PubMed:Use of high-performance liquid chromatographic peak deconvolution and peak labelling to identify antiparasitic components in plant extracts.
PubMed:[The sensitivity of a Plasmodium berghei strain resistant to artemisinin and other antimalarial preparations].
PubMed:Studies on anthelmintics. XXXIV. Synthetic studies on stereoisomers of artemisin.
 
Notes:
isolated from different species of the genus artemisia; antiparasitic cpd
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