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geranyl geranic acid
2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenoic acid, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-, (2E,6E,10E)-

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Name:	(2E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenoic acid
CAS Number:	83807-40-3	3D/inchi
FDA UNII:	Search
Nikkaji Web:	J3.047.617D
XlogP3-AA:	6.80 (est)
Molecular Weight:	304.47344000
Formula:	C20 H32 O2
BioActivity Summary:	listing
NMR Predictor:	Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)

Category:natural substances and extractives

US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:

Google Scholar:	Search
Google Books:	Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"	Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"	Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"	Search
Google Patents:	Search
US Patents:	Search
EU Patents:	Search
Pubchem Patents:	Search
PubMed:	Search
NCBI:	Search

Physical Properties:

Assay:	65.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed:	No
Boiling Point:	441.00 to 442.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point:	630.00 °F. TCC ( 332.30 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w):	6.840 (est)
Soluble in:
	alcohol
	water, 0.002383 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
	water

Organoleptic Properties:

Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).

Cosmetic Information:

None found

Suppliers:

None found

Safety Information:


Hazards identification

Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements

Pictogram

Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined

Safety in Use Information:

Category:
natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for geranyl geranic acid usage levels up to:
	not for fragrance use.

Recommendation for geranyl geranic acid flavor usage levels up to:
	not for flavor use.

Safety References:

EPI System: View

AIDS Citations:Search

Cancer Citations:Search

Toxicology Citations:Search

EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data

EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry

Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :5275521

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data

(2E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenoic acid

Chemidplus:0083807403

References:

	(2E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenoic acid
NIST Chemistry WebBook:	Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):	5275521
Pubchem (sid):	135085695

Other Information:

(IUPAC):	Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:	The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:	Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):	Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:	View
CHEMBL:	View
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):	Search
VCF-Online:	VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:	View

Potential Blenders and core components note

None Found

Potential Uses:

None Found

Occurrence (nature, food, other):note

found in nature

Synonyms:

	geranyl geranoic acid
	geranylgeranic acid
	geranylgeranoic acid
2,6,10,14-	hexadecatetraenoic acid, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-, (2E,6E,10E)-
3,7,11,15-	tetramethyl-2,6,10,14-hexadecatetraenoic acid
(2E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-	tetramethyl-hexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenoic acid
(2E,6E,10E)-3,7,11,15-	tetramethylhexadeca-2,6,10,14-tetraenoic acid

Articles:

PubMed:Induction of nuclear translocation of mutant cytoplasmic p53 by geranylgeranoic acid in a human hepatoma cell line.

PubMed:Inhibition of lysine-specific demethylase 1 by the acyclic diterpenoid geranylgeranoic acid and its derivatives.

PubMed:Characterization of two geraniol synthases from Valeriana officinalis and Lippia dulcis: similar activity but difference in subcellular localization.

PubMed:Insecticidal and biting deterrent activity of rose-scented geranium (Pelargonium spp.) essential oils and individual compounds against Stephanitis pyrioides and Aedes aegypti.

PubMed:CXCR4-tropic, but not CCR5-tropic, human immunodeficiency virus infection is inhibited by the lipid raft-associated factors, acyclic retinoid analogs, and cholera toxin B subunit.

PubMed:Rapid downregulation of cyclin D1 induced by geranylgeranoic acid in human hepatoma cells.

PubMed:Geranylgeraniol oxidase activity involved in oxidative formation of geranylgeranoic acid in human hepatoma cells.

PubMed:Induction of an incomplete autophagic response by cancer-preventive geranylgeranoic acid (GGA) in a human hepatoma-derived cell line.

PubMed:Metabolically regulated endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase: evidence for requirement of a geranylgeranylated protein.

PubMed:Polished rice as natural sources of cancer-preventing geranylgeranoic acid.

PubMed:Anti-ulcer agent teprenone inhibits hepatitis C virus replication: potential treatment for hepatitis C.

PubMed:Reversible upregulation of tropomyosin-related kinase receptor B by geranylgeranoic acid in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

PubMed:Metabolic engineering of geranic acid in maize to achieve fungal resistance is compromised by novel glycosylation patterns.

PubMed:Roles of rat and human aldo-keto reductases in metabolism of farnesol and geranylgeraniol.

PubMed:Efficient synthesis and biological evaluation of demethyl geranylgeranoic acid derivatives.

PubMed:Increase in plasma concentrations of geranylgeranoic Acid after turmeric tablet intake by healthy volunteers.

PubMed:An ABC transporter controls export of a Drosophila germ cell attractant.

PubMed:Formation of lipid droplets induced by 2,3-dihydrogeranylgeranoic acid distinct from geranylgeranoic acid.

PubMed:Prevention of geranylgeranoic acid-induced apoptosis by phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase gene.

PubMed:Independent pathways in the modulation of osteoclastic resorption by intermediates of the mevalonate biosynthetic pathway: the role of the retinoic acid receptor.

PubMed:Identification of FBL2 as a geranylgeranylated cellular protein required for hepatitis C virus RNA replication.

PubMed:Antitumor effect of geranylamine derivatives on human hepatoma.

PubMed:Natural occurrence of cancer-preventive geranylgeranoic acid in medicinal herbs.

PubMed:Protein geranylgeranylation is critical for the regulation of survival and proliferation of lymphoma tumor cells.

PubMed:Identification of pheromones and optimization of bait composition for click beetle pests (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in Central and Western Europe.

PubMed:Geranylgeranyl switching regulates GDI-Rab GTPase recycling.

PubMed:Simvastatin increases fibrinolytic activity in human peritoneal mesothelial cells independent of cholesterol lowering.

PubMed:Formation of (R)-2,3-dihydrogeranylgeranoic acid from geranylgeraniol in rat thymocytes.

PubMed:Interaction between cytochrome c and oxidized mitochondrial lipids.

PubMed:Acyclo-retinoic acid induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells.

PubMed:Effects of geranylgeranoic acid in bone: induction of osteoblast differentiation and inhibition of osteoclast formation.

PubMed:Synthesis and evaluation of GGPP geometric isomers: divergent substrate specificities of FTase and GGTase I.

PubMed:Rapid loss in the mitochondrial membrane potential during geranylgeranoic acid-induced apoptosis.

PubMed:Apoptosis in human hepatoma cell line induced by 4,5-didehydro geranylgeranoic acid (acyclic retinoid) via down-regulation of transforming growth factor-alpha.

PubMed:Retinoid agonist activities of synthetic geranyl geranoic acid derivatives.

PubMed:Biosynthesis of isoprenoid compounds in Schistosoma mansoni.

PubMed:Metabolism of mevalonic acid in cell-free homogenates of bovine retinas. Formation of novel isoprenoid acids.

Notes:

None found

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