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Category:surfactant, viscosity controlling agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Boiling Point: | 470.00 to 471.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
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| Flash Point: | 384.00 °F. TCC ( 195.50 °C. ) (est)
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| logP (o/w): | 7.859 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 0.000509 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
| BOC Sciences |
| For experimental / research use only. |
| Triheptanoin
Odor: characteristic Use: Triheptanoin is a triglyceride that is used for the treatment of inherited metabolic diseases, epilepsy, ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial glucose oxidation. |
Safety Information:
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intravenous-mouse LD50 320 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)
KIDNEY, URETER, AND BLADDER: URINE VOLUME INCREASED
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. Vol. 40, Pg. 338, 1957.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | surfactant, viscosity controlling agents |
| Recommendation for triheptanoin usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for triheptanoin flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 1,3- | di(heptanoyloxy)propan-2-yl heptanoate | | 2,3- | di(heptanoyloxy)propyl heptanoate | | | glycerol trienanthate | | | glycerol triheptanoate | | | heptanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester | | | heptanoic acid, 1,2,3-propanetriyl ester (9CI) | | | heptanoin, tri- (6CI,7CI,8CI) | | | propane-1,2,3-triyl triheptanoate | | | propane-1,2,3-triyl trisheptanoate | | 1,2,3- | propanetriyl triheptanoate | | | trienanthine | | | trienanthoin | | 1,2,3- | trienanthoylglycerol | | | triheptanion | | | triheptanoic glyceride | | | triheptylin | | | trioenanthin | | | trioenanthoin |
Articles:
| PubMed:Final report on the safety assessment of trilaurin, triarachidin, tribehenin, tricaprin, tricaprylin, trierucin, triheptanoin, triheptylundecanoin, triisononanoin, triisopalmitin, triisostearin, trilinolein, trimyristin, trioctanoin, triolein, tripalmitin, tripalmitolein, triricinolein, tristearin, triundecanoin, glyceryl triacetyl hydroxystearate, glyceryl triacetyl ricinoleate, and glyceryl stearate diacetate. |
| PubMed:Modification of Astrocyte Metabolism as an Approach to the Treatment of Epilepsy: Triheptanoin and Acetyl-L-Carnitine. |
| PubMed:Glucose Transporter Type I Deficiency (G1D) at 25 (1990-2015): Presumptions, Facts, and the Lives of Persons With This Rare Disease. |
| PubMed:De novo fatty acid biosynthesis and elongation in very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase-deficient mice supplemented with odd or even medium-chain fatty acids. |
| PubMed:HEPATIC FATTY ACID PROFILE OF RATS FED A TRIHEPTANOIN-BASED KETOGENIC DIET. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin Alleviates Ventricular Hypertrophy and Improves Myocardial Glucose Oxidation in Rats With Pressure Overload. |
| PubMed:Long-term major clinical outcomes in patients with long chain fatty acid oxidation disorders before and after transition to triheptanoin treatment-A retrospective chart review. |
| PubMed:Reduced severity of ischemic stroke and improvement of mitochondrial function after dietary treatment with the anaplerotic substance triheptanoin. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin improves brain energy metabolism in patients with Huntington disease. |
| PubMed:Anaplerotic triheptanoin diet enhances mitochondrial substrate use to remodel the metabolome and improve lifespan, motor function, and sociability in MeCP2-null mice. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin for glucose transporter type I deficiency (G1D): modulation of human ictogenesis, cerebral metabolic rate, and cognitive indices by a food supplement. |
| PubMed:Effects of ketogenic diets on the occurrence of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus of rats. |
| PubMed:Dietary triheptanoin rescues oligodendrocyte loss, dysmyelination and motor function in the nur7 mouse model of Canavan disease. |
| PubMed:GLUT1 deficiency syndrome: an update. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin partially restores levels of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in the mouse pilocarpine model of epilepsy. |
| PubMed:Alterations of hippocampal glucose metabolism by even versus uneven medium chain triglycerides. |
| PubMed:Unsuccessful treatment of severe pyruvate carboxylase deficiency with triheptanoin. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin reduces seizure susceptibility in a syndrome-specific mouse model of generalized epilepsy. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin supplementation to ketogenic diet curbs cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice used as a model of familial Alzheimer's disease. |
| PubMed:Heptanoate as a neural fuel: energetic and neurotransmitter precursors in normal and glucose transporter I-deficient (G1D) brain. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin in acute mouse seizure models. |
| PubMed:Protective and restorative effects of a Commiphora mukul gum resin and triheptanoin preparation on the CCL-110 skin fibroblast cell line. |
| PubMed:Triheptanoin--a medium chain triglyceride with odd chain fatty acids: a new anaplerotic anticonvulsant treatment? |
| PubMed:GLUT1 deficiency syndrome in clinical practice. |
| PubMed:[Hepatic fatty acid profile of rats with AIN-93 diet-induced steatosis attenuated by the partial substitution of soybean oil by diheptanoin and triheptanoin]. |
| PubMed:Current issues regarding treatment of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders. |
| PubMed:Disorders of muscle lipid metabolism: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. |
| PubMed:Anticonvulsant effects of a triheptanoin diet in two mouse chronic seizure models. |
| PubMed:Adult Polyglucosan Body Disease (APBD): Anaplerotic diet therapy (Triheptanoin) and demonstration of defective methylation pathways. |
| PubMed:Dietary anaplerotic therapy improves peripheral tissue energy metabolism in patients with Huntington's disease. |
| PubMed:Effect of dietary fats with odd or even numbers of carbon atoms on metabolic response and muscle damage with exercise in Quarter Horse-type horses with type 1 polysaccharide storage myopathy. |
| PubMed:Validation of an analytical method for the determination of glyceroltriheptanoate (GTH) in processed animal by-products: results of a collaborative study. |
| PubMed:Parenteral and enteral metabolism of anaplerotic triheptanoin in normal rats. II. Effects on lipolysis, glucose production, and liver acyl-CoA profile. |
| PubMed:Use of glyceroltriheptanoate as marker for processed animal by-products: development and validation of an analytical method. |
| PubMed:Interrelations between C4 ketogenesis, C5 ketogenesis, and anaplerosis in the perfused rat liver. |
| PubMed:Effect of triheptanoin on muscle metabolism during submaximal exercise in horses. |
| PubMed:[Hepatoprotective effect of diheptanoin and tritreptanoin chronic consumption against steatosis in rats]. |
| PubMed:Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency: successful anaplerotic diet therapy. |
| PubMed:Effects of short-term and long-term treatment with medium- and long-chain triglycerides ketogenic diet on cortical spreading depression in young rats. |
| PubMed:Anaplerotic diet therapy in inherited metabolic disease: therapeutic potential. |
| PubMed:Parenteral and enteral metabolism of anaplerotic triheptanoin in normal rats. |
| PubMed:Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency: clinical and biochemical response to anaplerotic diet therapy. |
| PubMed:Treatment of cardiomyopathy and rhabdomyolysis in long-chain fat oxidation disorders using an anaplerotic odd-chain triglyceride. |
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3D/inchi