EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

laevo-tryptophan
1H-indole-3-propanoic acid, a-amino-, (S)-

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 73-22-3Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:200-795-6
FDA UNII: 8DUH1N11BX
Nikkaji Web:J9.181B
Beilstein Number:0086197
MDL:MFCD00064340
XlogP3:-1.10 (est)
Molecular Weight:204.22904000
Formula:C11 H12 N2 O2
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:special dietary and nutritional additives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
FDA Mainterm (SATF):73-22-3 ; L-TRYPTOPHAN
FDA Regulation:
FDA PART 172 -- FOOD ADDITIVES PERMITTED FOR DIRECT ADDITION TO FOOD FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION
Subpart D--Special Dietary and Nutritional Additives
Sec. 172.320 Amino acids.
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:pale yellow to yellow crystalline powder (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 284.00 to 287.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 447.00 to 450.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Flash Point: 435.00 °F. TCC ( 223.89 °C. )
logP (o/w): 0.704 (est)
Soluble in:
 water, 2848 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 water, 1.34E+04 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: antistatic agents
fragrance
hair conditioning
 
Suppliers:
A.M.G.L.T.
L-Tryptophan Feed Grade
Ajinomoto USA
L-Tryptophan
Flavor: characteristic
L-tryptophan is an essential amino acid, which means it is not synthesized by the human body and must be acquired through the diet. The male adult’s requirement is 3.5 mg per kg of body weight. L-tryptophan is one of the least abundant essential amino acids; however, it is one of the most crucial, particularly in the production of niacin and serotonin. Sources of L-tryptophan include dairy products, beef, poultry, barley, brown rice, fish, soybeans and peanuts.
Ajinomoto USA
Tryptopure™
Tryptopure™
Flavor: characteristic
Tryptopure is tryptophan from Ajinomoto, the global leader in the production, sales and research of amino acids. Tryptopure is high purity, pharmaceutical grade tryptophan made only from vegetable materials. Until recently, Ajinomoto only sold Tryptopure for medical use through doctors, hospitals and other professional health care facilities. Tryptopure is widely used in intravenous solutions, infant formulas, and other specialty medical products; and many pharmaceutical companies use Tryptopure in the development and manufacture of their prescription medications. In addition, Tryptopure is manufactured under cGMP Conditions—and Ajinomoto is the only such manufacturer of pharmaceutical grade amino acids in the US. It all leads to Tryptopure being the most trusted tryptophan available today. In fact, Tryptopure is the only tryptophan to have an FDA-approved Drug Master File. That means it's pure enough to be used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient in pharmaceutical products.
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
L-Tryptophan 98%
Atlantic Chemicals
L-Tryptophane
BBFY Industrial
L-Tryptophan Feed Grade
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
L-Tryptophan premix
Charkit Chemical
TRYPTOPHAN,L- FEED GRADE 98.5%
Charkit Chemical
TRYPTOPHAN,L- FOOD GRADE
ExtraSynthese
For experimental / research use only.
L-Tryptophan
George Uhe Company
L-Tryptophan
Glentham Life Sciences
L-Tryptophan, GlenCell?, suitable for cell culture
Glentham Life Sciences
L-Tryptophan
Indis NV
For experimental / research use only.
L-Tryptophane (Feed, Pharma, Hydrolysis, etc.)
OQEMA
L-Tryptophan 99%
Penta International
L-TRYPTOPHAN NATURAL
Penta International
L-TRYPTOPHAN USP
Penta International
L-TRYPTOPHAN
Sigma-Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
L-Tryptophan reagent grade, ≥98% (TLC)
United International
L-Tryptophan Nat.
Zhong Ya Chemical
L-Tryptophan
 
Safety Information:
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
None - None found.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 4800 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: SOMNOLENCE (GENERAL DEPRESSED ACTIVITY) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS
Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 11, Pg. 635, 1980.

oral-man TDLo 300 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT BEHAVIORAL: ANTIANXIETY
British Medical Journal. Vol. 2, Pg. 701, 1976.

oral-man TDLo 857 mg/kg/30D-
SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): OTHER GLANDS: OTHER MUSCULOSKELETAL: OTHER CHANGES BLOOD: EOSINOPHILIA
New England Journal of Medicine. Vol. 322, Pg. 874, 1990.

oral-mouse LDLo 15000 mg/kg
SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: PTOSIS: EYE LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: CYANOSIS
Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 11, Pg. 635, 1980.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50 1634 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. Vol. 58, Pg. 253, 1955.

oral-rat LD50 > 16000 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: COMA SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: PTOSIS: EYE
Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. Vol. 11, Pg. 635, 1980.

unreported-rat LDLo 2553 mg/kg
Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 23, Pg. 884, 1973.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
special dietary and nutritional additives
Recommendation for laevo-tryptophan usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for laevo-tryptophan flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Scientific Report of EFSA on the risk assessment of salts of authorised acids, phenols or alcohols for use in food contact materials [1]
View page or View pdf

Scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-tryptophan produced by Escherichia coli (FERM BP-11200) for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by Ajinomoto Eurolysine SAS
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-tryptophan technically pure produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli for all animal species, based on a dossier submitted by HELM AG on behalf of Global Bio-Chem Technology
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for niacin
View page or View pdf

Outcome of a public consultation on the Draft Scientific Opinion of the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) on Dietary Reference Values for niacin
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-tryptophan produced by Escherichia coli (FERM BP-11354) for all animal species, based on a dossier submitted by Ajinomoto Eurolysine S.A.S.
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-tryptophan produced by Escherichia coli CGMCC 7.59 for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by HELM AG on behalf of Meihua Holdings Co. Ltd
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of L-tryptophan, technically pure, produced by Escherichia coli strains DSM 25084, KCCM 11132P or SARI12091203 for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by AMAC EEIG
View page or View pdf

Safety of L-tryptophan produced by fermentation using Escherichia coli CGMCC 3667, for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by GBT Europe GmbH
View page or View pdf

Safety of L-tryptophan produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli CGMCC 7.59 for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by Feedway Europe NV
View page or View pdf

Safety of l-tryptophan technically pure, produced by Escherichia coli CGMCC 3667, for all animal species based on a dossier submitted by GBT Europe GmbH
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of l-tryptophan produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli CGMCC 7.248 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of l-tryptophan produced with Escherichia coli CGMCC 11674 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of l-tryptophan produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli KCCM 80152 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of l-tryptophan produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli KCCM 80135 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of l-tryptophan produced by fermentation with Corynebacterium glutamicum KCCM 80176 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of l-tryptophan produced by fermentation using Escherichia coli CGMCC 7.267 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of l-tryptophan produced by fermentation with Escherichia coli KCCM 10534 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety of l-tryptophan produced using Escherichia coli CGMCC 11674 for all animal species
View page or View pdf

Safety and efficacy of the feed additive consisting of l-tryptophan produced by Escherichia coli KCCM 80210 for all animal species (Daesang Europe BV)
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
Carcinogenic Potency Database:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):73-22-3
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :6305
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:1
(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
Chemidplus:0000073223
EPA/NOAA CAMEO:hazardous materials
RTECS:YN6130000 for cas# 73-22-3
 
References:
 (2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:73-22-3
Pubchem (cid):6305
Pubchem (sid):134972793
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Golm Metabolome Database:Search
Metabolomics Database:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C00078
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB00929
FooDB:FDB002250
YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database):YMDB00126
Export Tariff Code:2933.90.8300
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
•grades: reagent; technical; food chemicals codex tryptophan •(l)-tryptophan with plant oils in soft gelatin capsules.
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
 antistatic agents
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
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 leek wild leek plant
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 lettuce lamb's lettuce plant
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 lettuce leaf
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 lime fruit
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 lotus indian lotus rhizome
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 lotus indian lotus seed
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 mallow jew's mallow leaf
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 pea black-eyed pea seed
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 pea fruit
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 pea pigeon pea seed
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 pea seed
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 peanut seed
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 pepper bell pepper fruit
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 peppermint leaf
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 pigweed leaf
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 pine pinyon pine seed
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 pistachio nut
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 poppy opium poppy seed
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 potato tuber
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 purslane herb
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 radish root
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 soursop fruit
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 soybean seed
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 spearmint leaf
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 spinach indian spinach leaf
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 spinach plant
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 star fruit fruit
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 sunflower seed
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Synonyms:
(S)-a-amino-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid
(S)-alpha-amino-1H-indole-3-propanoic acid
(S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-propionic acid
(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid
(S)-2-amino-3-(3-indolyl)propionic acid
laevo-alpha-amino-3-indole propionic acid
L-a-amino-3-indolepropionic acid
L-alpha-amino-3-indolepropionic acid
(S)-alpha-aminoindole-3-propionic acid
L-a-aminoindole-3-propionic acid
(2S)-2-azaniumyl-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoate
(S)-1H-indole-3-alanine
1H-indole-3-alanine, (S)-
1H-indole-3-propanoic acid, a-amino-, (S)-
1-beta-3-indolylalanine
L-b-3-indolylalanine
(L)-tryptophan
(S)-tryptophan
L-tryptophan
L-tryptophan produced by escherichia coli CGMCC 7.59
 tryptophan, L-
L-trytophan
L-typtophan
 

Articles:

PubMed:Amino acids and peptides activate at least five members of the human bitter taste receptor family.
J-Stage:Role of Tryptophan Residues in a Class V Chitinase from Nicotiana tabacum
J-Stage:The Urinary Excretory Ratio of Nicotinamide Catabolites Was Associated with the Conversion Ratio of Tryptophan to Nicotinamide in Growing Rats Fed a Niacin-Free 20% Casein Diet
J-Stage:Post-Translational Isoprenylation of Tryptophan
J-Stage:Increased Conversion of Tryptophan to Nicotinamide in Rats by Dietary Valproate
PubMed:New bitter-masking compounds: hydroxylated benzoic acid amides of aromatic amines as structural analogues of homoeriodictyol.
PubMed:Biotechnological production of amino acids and derivatives: current status and prospects.
PubMed:New insight into oseophageal injury and protection in physiologically relevant animal models.
PubMed:ZnCl2-mediated practical protocol for the synthesis of Amadori ketoses.
PubMed:Mutational and crystallographic analysis of l-amino acid oxidase/monooxygenase from Pseudomonas sp. AIU 813: Interconversion between oxidase and monooxygenase activities.
PubMed:Simultaneous detection of stable isotope-labeled and unlabeled L-tryptophan and of its main metabolites, L-kynurenine, serotonin and quinolinic acid, by gas chromatography/negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:A Case of Abrin Toxin Poisoning, Confirmed via Quantitation of L-Abrine (N-Methyl-L-Tryptophan) Biomarker.
PubMed:The effects of glycine, L-threonine, and L-cystine supplementation to a 9% casein diet on the conversions of L-tryptophan to nicotinamide and to serotonin in rats.
PubMed:Pantothenic acid deficiency may increase the urinary excretion of 2-oxo acids and nicotinamide catabolites in rats.
PubMed:Cane molasses as a source of precursors in the bioproduction of tryptophan by Bacillus subtilis.
PubMed:Analysis of indole compounds in methanolic extracts from the fruiting bodies of Cantharellus cibarius (the Chanterelle) and from the mycelium of this species cultured in vitro.
PubMed:Biochemical and physiological changes in Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum- graecum L.) leaves during storage under modified atmosphere packaging.
PubMed:Autistic-like behavioural and neurochemical changes in a mouse model of food allergy.
PubMed:Impact of addition of aromatic amino acids on non-volatile and volatile compounds in lychee wine fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae MERIT.ferm.
PubMed:Development of a minimal chemically defined medium for Ketogulonicigenium vulgare WSH001 based on its genome-scale metabolic model.
PubMed:Inhibition of Orobanche crenata seed germination and radicle growth by allelochemicals identified in cereals.
PubMed:Development of indole-3-acetic acid-producing Escherichia coli by functional expression of IpdC, AspC, and Iad1.
PubMed:Male-to-female transfer of 5-hydroxytryptophan glucoside during mating in Zygaena filipendulae (Lepidoptera).
PubMed:Olfactory transduction pathways in the Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis.
PubMed:Identification of bitter compounds in whole wheat bread.
PubMed:The niacin required for optimum growth can be synthesized from L-tryptophan in growing mice lacking tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase.
PubMed:Multi-walled carbon nanotube modified carbon paste electrode as a sensor for the amperometric detection of L-tryptophan in biological samples.
PubMed:Supplementing healthy women with up to 5.0 g/d of L-tryptophan has no adverse effects.
PubMed:Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strain Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NJN-6-enriched bio-organic fertilizer suppressed Fusarium wilt and promoted the growth of banana plants.
PubMed:Long-lasting effect of perinatal exposure to L-tryptophan on circadian clock of primary cell lines established from male offspring born from mothers fed on dietary protein restriction.
PubMed:Amino acids and peptides activate at least five members of the human bitter taste receptor family.
PubMed:Establishment of true niacin deficiency in quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase knockout mice.
PubMed:The metabolites in the tryptophan degradation pathway might be useful to determine the tolerable upper intake level of tryptophan intake in rats.
PubMed:Effects of "Bioactive" amino acids leucine, glutamate, arginine and tryptophan on feed intake and mRNA expression of relative neuropeptides in broiler chicks.
PubMed:Protective effect of melatonin on acute pancreatitis.
PubMed:Dietary supplement drug therapies for depression.
PubMed:Enzymatic synthesis oF L-tryptophan from D,L-2-amino-delta2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid and indole by Pseudomonas sp. TS1138 L-2-amino-delta2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid hydrolase, S-carbamyl-L-cysteine amidohydrolase, and Escherichia coli L-tryptophanase.
PubMed:[Effect of mufti-gene knockout of L-tryptophan transport system on L-tryptophan production in Escherichia coli].
PubMed:L-Tryptophan prevents Escherichia coli biofilm formation and triggers biofilm degradation.
PubMed:One-step of tryptophan attenuator inactivation and promoter swapping to improve the production of L-tryptophan in Escherichia coli.
PubMed:Indole compounds in some culinary-medicinal higher basidiomycetes from Poland.
PubMed:5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan Suppressed Food Intake in Rats Despite an Increase in the Arcuate NPY Expression.
PubMed:L-Tryptophan Production by Auxotrophic and Analogue Resistant Mutants of Aureobacterium flavescens.
PubMed:Regulation of blood pressure and glucose metabolism induced by L-tryptophan in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
PubMed:Post-epidemic eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome associated with L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Immunological mechanisms to establish embryo tolerance in early bovine pregnancy.
PubMed:Development of L-tryptophan production strains by defined genetic modification in Escherichia coli.
PubMed:Nutritional and medicinal aspects of D-amino acids.
PubMed:Brain-gut axis in the modulation of pancreatic enzyme secretion.
PubMed:Liquid chromatography on a monolithic column microfluidic chip coupled with "three-T" sample injection mode and amperometric detection.
PubMed:The effect of the combination of reducing and oxidising agents on the viscoelastic properties of dough and sensory characteristics of buns.
PubMed:Simultaneous C7- and N1-prenylation of cyclo-L-Trp-L-Trp catalyzed by a prenyltransferase from Aspergillus oryzae.
PubMed:Griffonia simplicifolia negatively affects sexual behavior in female rats.
PubMed:Effects of an acute alpha-lactalbumin manipulation on mood and food hedonics in high- and low-trait anxiety individuals.
PubMed:[Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS) caused by L-tryptophan product and toxic oil syndrome (TOS) caused by denatured rape-seed oil].
PubMed:Hormonal and metabolic effects of nutrition in athletes.
PubMed:Filmy channel microchip with amperometric detection.
PubMed:Pig meat quality from entire males.
PubMed:l-Tryptophan exhibits therapeutic function in a porcine model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis.
PubMed:Circadian levels of serotonin in plasma and brain after oral administration of tryptophan in rats.
PubMed:[Investigation and application of fluorescence reaction of cerium-L-tryptophan in Triton X-100 microemulsion].
PubMed:New tryptophanase inhibitors: towards prevention of bacterial biofilm formation.
PubMed:Generation of quinoneimine intermediates in the bioactivation of 3-(N-phenylamino)alanine (PAA) by human liver microsomes: a potential link between eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome and toxic oil syndrome.
PubMed:Natural products isolated from species of Halgerda bergh, 1880 (Mollusca: Nudibranchia) and their ecological and evolutionary implications.
PubMed:Attenuation of stress-induced anorexia in brown trout (Salmo trutta) by pre-treatment with dietary l-tryptophan.
PubMed:Ghrelin and melatonin in the regulation of pancreatic exocrine secretion and maintaining of integrity.
PubMed:New bitter-masking compounds: hydroxylated benzoic acid amides of aromatic amines as structural analogues of homoeriodictyol.
PubMed:The effect of tryptophan administration on ileum contractility and oxidant status in mice.
PubMed:Quantitative analysis of N-phenylpropenoyl-L-amino acids in roasted coffee and cocoa powder by means of a stable isotope dilution assay.
PubMed:Effects of supplemental L-tryptophan on serotonin, cortisol, intestinal integrity, and behavior in weanling piglets.
PubMed:Alterations in alcohol consumption, withdrawal seizures, and monoamine transmission in rats treated with phentermine and 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Effects of tryptophan depletion on the performance of an iterated Prisoner's Dilemma game in healthy adults.
PubMed:A heretofore undisclosed crux of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: compromised histamine degradation.
PubMed:Isolation of mutagenic beta-carboline derivatives after nitrite treatment of maillard reaction mixtures and analysis of these compounds from foodstuffs and human urine.
PubMed:[Metabolic flux analysis of L-Tryptophan biosynthesis].
PubMed:Effect of tryptophan depletion on symptoms of motion sickness in migraineurs.
PubMed:Orally administered tryptophan and experimental type 2 diabetes.
PubMed:Safety of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan.
PubMed:5-Hydroxy-L-tryptophan suppresses food intake in food-deprived and stressed rats.
PubMed:The anorectic effect of increasing doses of L-tryptophan in obese patients.
PubMed:Discrimination between arabica and robusta coffee species on the basis of their amino acid enantiomers.
PubMed:Systemic 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan down-regulates the arcuate CART mRNA level in rats.
PubMed:Antioxidant compounds from the leaves of Peucedanum japonicum thunb.
PubMed:L-tryptophan reacts with naturally occurring and food-occurring phenolic aldehydes to give phenolic tetrahydro-beta-carboline alkaloids: activity as antioxidants and free radical scavengers.
PubMed:Characterization and phylogenetic analysis of a thermostable N-carbamoyl- l-amino acid amidohydrolase from Bacillus kaustophilus CCRC11223.
PubMed:Accumulation of anthranilic acid and N-glucosylanthranilic acid by a Corynebacterium glutamicum mutant resistant to DL-serine hydroxamate.
PubMed:Enantioselective crystallization of D,L-amino acids induced by spontaneous asymmetric resolution of D,L-asparagine.
PubMed:Toxic oil syndrome: the perspective after 20 years.
PubMed:Identification and occurrence of the novel alkaloid pentahydroxypentyl-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid as a tryptophan glycoconjugate in fruit juices and jams.
PubMed:Antioxidant, cyclooxygenase and topoisomerase inhibitory compounds from Apium graveolens Linn. seeds.
PubMed:Laboratory-measured aggressive behavior of women: acute tryptophan depletion and augmentation.
PubMed:Lumpidin, a novel biomarker of some ochratoxin a producing penicillia.
PubMed:The toxic oil syndrome: 20 years on.
PubMed:Changes in nitrogen compounds in must and wine during fermentation and biological aging by flor yeasts.
PubMed:Influence of tryptophan supplementation of soy-based infant formulas on protein quality and on blood and brain tryptophan and brain serotonin in the rat model.
PubMed:Tryptophan-N-glucoside in fruits and fruit juices.
PubMed:Polyphenols, condensed tannins, and other natural products in Onobrychis viciifolia (Sainfoin).
PubMed:Reduced plasma leptin concentrations in bulimia nervosa.
PubMed:Formation of tetrahydro-beta-carbolines and beta-carbolines during the reaction of L-tryptophan with D-glucose.
PubMed:Efficiency of D-tryptophan as Niacin in rats.
PubMed:Synthesis and formation of an EMS correlated contaminant in biotechnologically manufactured L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Synthesis, formation, and occurrence of contaminants in biotechnologically manufactured L-tryptophan.
PubMed:[Substance isolated from the kelp rhizoid identified as L-tryptophan shows high inhibition of breast cancer].
PubMed:Incidence of pecking damage in growing bantams in relation to food form, group size, stocking density, dietary tryptophan concentration and dietary protein source.
PubMed:Influence of trait hostility on tryptophan depletion-induced laboratory aggression.
PubMed:Are there environmental forms of systemic autoimmune diseases?
PubMed:Tryptophan glycoconjugates in food and human urine.
PubMed:Liquid concentrates are lower in bioavailable tryptophan than powdered infant formulas, and tryptophan supplementation of formulas increases brain tryptophan and serotonin in rats.
PubMed:[L-tryptophan-induced eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, Chinese restaurant syndrome].
PubMed:Occurrence of stereoisomers of 1-(2'-pyrrolidinethione-3'-yl)- 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid in fermented radish roots and their different mutagenic properties.
PubMed:The effects of tryptophan depletion and loading on laboratory aggression in men: time course and a food-restricted control.
PubMed:Rapid HPLC screening method for contaminants found in implicated L-tryptophan associated with eosinophilia myalgia syndrome and adulterated rapeseed oil associated with toxic oil syndrome.
PubMed:Serotonin is not synthesized, but specifically transported in the neurons of the hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus.
PubMed:Limiting amino acids for a corn and soybean meal diet in weaned calves less than three months of age.
PubMed:Use of tryptophanase in the detection of contaminants in EMS related L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Changes in vitamin B-6 status indicators of women fed a constant protein diet with varying levels of vitamin B-6.
PubMed:Response of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to supplements of individual essential amino acids in a semipurified diet, including an estimate of the maintenance requirement for essential amino acids.
PubMed:Tryptophan needs of lactating sows fed diets supplemented with crystalline lysine.
PubMed:Differences in tryptophan binding to hepatic nuclei of NZBWF1 and Swiss mice: insight into mechanism of tryptophan's effects.
PubMed:Contaminants in biotechnologically manufactured L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Vitamin B-6 status of women with a constant intake of vitamin B-6 changes with three levels of dietary protein.
PubMed:The effects of induced kynurenine pathway on immunocytochemical changes in rat tissues following excessive L-tryptophan consumption.
PubMed:Biotransformation of 3-(phenylamino)-1,2-propanediol to 3-(phenylamino)alanine: a chemical link between toxic oil syndrome and eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome.
PubMed:Distribution of L-tryptophan in normal and glucose - loaded mice.
PubMed:2-Methyl-L-tryptophan is a substrate of tryptophanase.
PubMed:Effects of a tryptophan deficient diet on the morphology of skeletal muscle fibers of the rat. Preliminary observations at neuroendocrinological and submicroscopical levels.
PubMed:Accumulation of 3-(phenylamino)alanine, a constituent in L-tryptophan products implicated in eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, in blood and organs of the Lewis rats.
PubMed:Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome not associated with the ingestion of nutritional supplements.
PubMed:An eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome related disorder associated with exposure to L-5-hydroxytryptophan.
PubMed:Testmeal responses following m-chlorophenylpiperazine and L-tryptophan in bulimics and controls.
PubMed:Tryptophanase from Escherichia coli: catalytic and spectral properties in water-organic solvents.
PubMed:High-performance liquid chromatographic determination of 1,1'-ethylidenebis(L-tryptophan) in L-tryptophan preparations.
PubMed:Utilization of ileal digestible amino acids by growing pigs: tryptophan.
PubMed:Tryptophan photophysics in rabbit skeletal myosin rod.
PubMed:Paroxetine: an overview of the efficacy and safety of a new selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in the treatment of depression.
PubMed:Supplemental dietary L-tryptophan effects on growth, meat quality, and brain catecholamine and indoleamine concentrations in turkeys.
PubMed:Rat liver is not damaged by high dose tryptophan treatment.
PubMed:Comparison of liquid chromatographic method to AOAC microbiological method for determination of L-tryptophan in tablets and capsules.
PubMed:Bioavailable level and source of cysteine determine protein quality of a commercial enteral product: adequacy of tryptophan but deficiency of cysteine for rats fed an enteral product prepared fresh or stored beyond shelf life.
PubMed:L-tryptophan decreases the breaking point under a progressive ratio schedule of intravenous cocaine reinforcement in the rat.
PubMed:Pathological and immunological effects of ingesting L-tryptophan and 1,1'-ethylidenebis (L-tryptophan) in Lewis rats.
PubMed:Separation and isolation of trace impurities in L-tryptophan by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Effects of monoamine precursors on food intake in male rats.
PubMed:Protection to glycolysis by a combination of 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan and 2-aminoethylisothiuronium bromide hydrobromide in lethally irradiated rats.
PubMed:[Toxic oil syndrome--an example of an exogenously-induced autoimmune disease].
PubMed:Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome not associated with L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Identification of substances formed by decomposition of peak E substance in tryptophan.
PubMed:Amino acid supplementation of meat meal in lysine-fortified, corn-based diets for growing-finishing pigs.
PubMed:Suppression of ethanol intake in chickens by fenfluramine and dietary tryptophan.
PubMed:Influence of subchronic exposure to low dietary deoxynivalenol, a trichothecene mycotoxin, on intestinal absorption of nutrients in mice.
PubMed:Insensitivity of the tryptophan-load test to marginal vitamin B-6 intake in rats.
PubMed:Toward an understanding of the rationale for the use of dietary supplementation for chronic pain management: the serotonin model.
PubMed:Appetite and taste preference in growing rats given various levels of protein nutrition.
PubMed:Vitamin B-6 requirements of elderly men and women.
PubMed:Genotoxicity studies of the reaction of chlorine or chlorine dioxide with L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome. A clinical case series of 21 patients. New Mexico Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome Study Group.
PubMed:Inhibition of tryptophan hydroxylase by food-derived carcinogenic heterocyclic amines, 3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole.
PubMed:Inhibition studies on liver arylformamidases of rainbow trout and cattle.
PubMed:Effect of chronic dietary treatment with L-tryptophan on the development of cold-induced hypertension in rats.
PubMed:Tryptophan supplementation for nocturnal bruxism: report of negative results.
PubMed:Analysis of L-tryptophan for the etiology of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome--United States.
PubMed:From the Centers for Disease Control. Analysis of L-tryptophan for the etiology of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome.
PubMed:L-tryptophan puzzle takes new twist.
PubMed:Analysis of L-tryptophan for the etiology of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome.
PubMed:[L-tryptophan and the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome].
PubMed:Amino acid-supplemented raw soybean diets for finishing swine.
PubMed:L-tryptophan use and the eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome.
PubMed:Performance and nutrient balance in growing swine fed low-protein diets supplemented with amino acids and potassium.
PubMed:[L-tryptophan and the eosinophilic myalgia syndrome].
PubMed:Formation of diastereoisomeric 3a-hydroxypyrroloindoles from a tryptophan residue analog mediated by iron (II)-EDTA and L-ascorbate.
PubMed:L-tryptophan and eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome in New Mexico.
PubMed:Intravenous cocaine self-administration in rats is reduced by dietary L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Stopped-flow chemical modification with N-bromosuccinimide: a good probe for changes in the microenvironment of the Trp 62 residue of chicken egg white lysozyme.
PubMed:Treatment of resistant depression. Review on the efficacy of various biological treatments, specifically in major depression resistant to cyclic antidepressants.
PubMed:Effect of chronic dietary treatment with L-tryptophan on the maintenance of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
PubMed:Production performance of laying hens fed L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Nutritional toxicology: on the mechanisms of inhibition of formation of potent carcinogens during cooking.
PubMed:Diabetes-related changes in L-tryptophan-induced release of striatal biogenic amines.
PubMed:Plasma amino acids and insulin levels in obesity: response to carbohydrate intake and tryptophan supplements.
PubMed:Effect of chronic dietary treatment with L-tryptophan on the development of renal hypertension in rats.
PubMed:[Effect of L-tryptophan on fasting intestinal motility and intestinal transit time in the human].
PubMed:Messenger RNA levels of plasma proteins in rat liver during protein depletion and refeeding.
PubMed:Comparative effects of individual amino acid excesses when added to a corn-soybean meal diet: effects on growth and dietary choice in the chick.
PubMed:Reaction of chlorine dioxide with amino acids and peptides: kinetics and mutagenicity studies.
PubMed:Some N-acyl-D-amino acid derivatives having antibotulinal properties.
PubMed:Effect of excess levels of methionine, tryptophan, arginine, lysine or threonine on growth and dietary choice in the pig.
PubMed:Amino acid excesses for young pigs: effects of excess methionine, tryptophan, threonine or leucine.
PubMed:Tryptophan rich diet as a new approach to study the serotoninergic enteropancreatic axis.
PubMed:Induction of DNA repair in HeLa S3 carcinoma cells by the N-nitroso derivatives of 1-(N-L-tryptophan)-1-deoxy-D-fructose and 1-(5-hydroxytryptamino)-1-deoxy-D-fructose.
PubMed:Exocrine pancreatic function in dogs with denervated pancreas.
PubMed:Proteins but not amino acids, carbohydrates, or fats stimulate cholecystokinin secretion in the rat.
PubMed:Weight gain, feed conversion efficiency and plasma free lysine as response criteria in evaluating supplements of lysine plus threonine and lysine plus tryptophan to deficient diets for rats.
PubMed:[Brain metabolism of L. tryptophan and food].
PubMed:Duration of inhibition of 3-methylindole production by monensin.
PubMed:L-tryptophan does not increase weight loss in carbohydrate-craving obese subjects.
PubMed:Mutagenicity studies on N-nitrosated products of the Maillard browning reaction: N-nitroso-fructose-amino acids.
PubMed:L-tryptophan injection fails to alter nutrient selection by rats.
PubMed:Duodenal volume and osmoreceptors in the stimulation of human pancreatic secretion.
PubMed:Activities of tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes in liver and brain of rats treated with aflatoxins.
PubMed:Pituitary hormone release in response to food ingestion: evidence for neuroendocrine signals from gut to brain.
PubMed:Mutagenic activity of a nitrosated early Maillard product: DNA synthesis (DNA repair) induced in HeLa S3 carcinoma cells by nitrosated 1-(N-L-tryptophan)-1-deoxy-D-fructose.
PubMed:Amino acid-enriched plasteins: a source of limiting amino acids for the weanling rat.
PubMed:Effect of L-tryptophan pretreatment on d-amphetamine self administration.
PubMed:Threonine imbalance and the threonine requirement of the chicken.
PubMed:Intestinal transport of amino acids in protein-deficient rats and the effect of rehabilitation using a casein diet.
PubMed:L-Tryptophan's effects on mouse killing, feeding, drinking, locomotion, and brain serotonin.
PubMed:Cell culture tumor promotion experiments with saccharin, phorbol myristate acetate and several common food materials.
PubMed:Production of oxytetracycline by Streptomyces rimosus 12,907 as an animal feed supplement.
PubMed:Hyperphagia following intraventricular p-chlorophenylalanine-, leucine- or tryptophan-methyl esters: lack of correlation with whole brain serotonin levels.
PubMed:The effect of L-tryptophan and certain other amino acids on liver nitrosodimethylamine demethylase activity.
PubMed:Effects of various periods of food deprivation on serotonin synthesis in the lateral hypothalamus.
PubMed:Effects of chronic experimental liver dysfunction and L-tryptophan on behaviour in the rat.
PubMed:Nutritional improvement of food proteins by enzymatic modification, especially by plastein synthesis reaction.
PubMed:Availability of L-tryptophan.
PubMed:Effect of l-tryptophan on diethylnitrosamine and 3'-methyl-4-n-dimethylaminoazobenzene hepatocarcinogenesis.
PubMed:Effects on the diet on brain neurotransmitters.
PubMed:Effect of cholecystokinin on myoelectric activity of small bowel of the dog.
PubMed:An inhibitory role for brain serotonin-containing systems in the locomotor effects of d-amphetamine.
PubMed:Alteration of glucose tolerance by dietary L-tryptophan in rats.
 
Notes:
an essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for nitrogen balance in adults. it is a precursor of indole alkaloids in plants. it is a precursor of serotonin (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). it can be a precursor to niacin, albeit inefficiently, in mammals. Constit. of many plants. Enzymatic hydrol. prod. of most plant and animal proteins. Dietary supplement, nutrient Tryptophan is one of the 20 standard amino acids, as well as an essential amino acid in the human diet. Only the L-stereoisomer of tryptophan is used in structural or enzyme proteins, but the D-stereoisomer is occasionally found in naturally produced peptides (for example, the marine venom peptide contryphan). (Wikipedia)
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