EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

histamine
imidazole, 4-(2-aminoethyl)-

Supplier Sponsors

Name:2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
CAS Number: 51-45-6Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):64422-25-9
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:200-100-6
FDA UNII: 820484N8I3
Nikkaji Web:J4.117C
Beilstein Number:0002012
MDL:MFCD00005210
XlogP3:-0.70 (est)
Molecular Weight:111.14773000
Formula:C5 H9 N3
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:natural substances and extractives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
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Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:white needles (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 86.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 380.29 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 357.00 °F. TCC ( 180.30 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -0.700
Soluble in:
 water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Histamine 98%
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Histamine ≥97%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound produced by basophils and by mast cells found in nearby connective tissues. An organic nitrogenous compound
Glentham Life Sciences
Histamine
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Histamine, free base ≥97%
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
Histamine ≥97.0%
sds
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intravenous-dog LD50 7 mg/kg
CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES
Indian Veterinary Journal. Vol. 57, Pg. 31, 1980.

intraperitoneal-guinea pig LD50 5 mg/kg
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 736, 1948.

intravenous-guinea pig LD50 180 ug/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 95, Pg. 45, 1949.

oral-guinea pig LDLo 200 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.

intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 725 mg/kg
British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. Vol. 17, Pg. 137, 1961.

intravenous-mouse LD50 385 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 13, Pg. 89, 1979.

oral-mouse LD50 220 mg/kg
Japanese Journal of Toxicology. Vol. 4, Pg. 105, 1991.

intravenous-rabbit LDLo 2 mg/kg
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 784, 1948.

intravenous-rat LD50 630 mg/kg
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 13, Pg. 89, 1979.

Dermal Toxicity:
subcutaneous-cat LDLo 34 mg/kg
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 185, Pg. 461, 1937.

subcutaneous-dog LDLo 28500 ug/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA BEHAVIORAL: COMA
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.

subcutaneous-frog LDLo 1700 mg/kg
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.

subcutaneous-guinea pig LDLo 8 mg/kg
Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica. Vol. 9, Pg. 379, 1954.

subcutaneous-mouse LD50 2500 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 13, Pg. 89, 1979.

subcutaneous-rabbit LDLo 12 mg/kg
CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)
"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.

subcutaneous-rat LDLo 250 mg/kg
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: OTHER (DIRECT) PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 185, Pg. 461, 1937.

Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for histamine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for histamine flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Scientific Report of EFSA on the risk assessment of salts of authorised acids, phenols or alcohols for use in food contact materials [1]
View page or View pdf

Assessment of the incidents of histamine intoxication in some EU countries
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Daily Med:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):51-45-6
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :774
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
Chemidplus:0000051456
RTECS:MS1050000 for cas# 51-45-6
 
References:
 2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Canada Domestic Sub. List:51-45-6
Pubchem (cid):774
Pubchem (sid):134972435
Pherobase:View
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Golm Metabolome Database:Search
Metabolomics Database:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C00388
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB00870
FooDB:FDB012596
YMDB (Yeast Metabolome Database):YMDB01556
Export Tariff Code:2933.29.5000
MedlinePlusSupp:View
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
Formulations/Preparations:
histamine phosphate, usp, & histamine dihydrochloridehistamine phosphate injection, usp, contains 1 mg of salt (0.36 mg of histamine base) in 1 ml. other avail prepn contain 0.275 & 2.75 mg of histamine phosphate in 1 ml (0.1 & 1 mg of histamine base in 1 ml), & are packaged in 1- or 5-ml ampules.
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 banana
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 banana fruit
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 cabbage leaf
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 cantaloupe fruit
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 cantaloupe juice
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 dragonwort
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 pea shoot
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 spinach
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 spinach plant
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 sunflower tissue culture
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Synonyms:
4-(2-aminoethyl)-1H-imidazole
beta-aminoethylglyoxaline
beta-aminoethylimidazole
 ergamine
 ergotidine
 ethylamine, 2-imidazol-4-yl-
2-imidazol-4-yl ethyl amine
2-imidazol-4-yl ethylamine
2-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
1H-imidazole-4-ethanamine
 imidazole, 4-(2-aminoethyl)-
5-imidazoleethylamine
beta-imidazolyl-4-ethylamine
2-(4-imidazolyl)ethylamine
 istamina
 theramine
 

Articles:

Info:Histamine
PubMed:(-)-Carvone: antispasmodic effect and mode of action.
PubMed:Use of Tetragenococcus halophilus as a starter culture for flavor improvement in fish sauce fermentation.
PubMed:Electrophysiological analysis of the mechanism of autonomic action by lactobacilli.
PubMed:Effects of Urtica dioica and Hibiscus sabdariffa on the quality and safety of sucuk (Turkish dry-fermented sausage).
PubMed:Determination of the biogenic amines in musts and wines before and after malolactic fermentation using 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate as the derivatizing agent.
PubMed:Acceptance survey of a fast dissolving tablet pharmaceutical formulation in allergic patients. Satisfaction and expectancies.
PubMed:Functional effects of Japanese style fermented soy sauce (shoyu) and its components.
PubMed:Adverse reactions to foods.
 
Notes:
an amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. it is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter. An amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of histidine. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.; Histamine is a biogenic amine involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. Histamine triggers the inflammatory response. As part of an immune response to foreign pathogens, histamine is produced by basophils and by mast cells found in nearby connective tissues. Histamine increases the permeability of the capillaries to white blood cells and other proteins, in order to allow them to engage foreign invaders in the affected tissues. It is found in virtually all animal body cells.[citation needed]; Histamine is derived from the decarboxylation of the amino acid histidine, a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme L-histidine decarboxylase. It is a hydrophilic vasoactive amine.
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