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Category:buffering agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 182.30 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Flash Point: | 32.00 °F. TCC ( 0.00 °C. ) (est)
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| Soluble in: |
| | water, 1e+006 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
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| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraarterial-guinea pig LDLo 500 mg/kg
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 131, Pg. 171, 1928.
intravenous-guinea pig LDLo 500 mg/kg
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 131, Pg. 171, 1928.
oral-mammal (species unspecified) LDLo 300 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)
BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD
LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Journal of Industrial Hygiene. Vol. 13, Pg. 87, 1931.
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 500 mg/kg
National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD277-689
oral-mouse LD50 571 mg/kg
BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE CONTRACTION OR SPASTICITY)
BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)
BEHAVIORAL: IRRITABILITY
Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 12, Pg. 598, 1993.
oral-rat LD50 475 mg/kg
GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"
BEHAVIORAL: EXCITEMENT
BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX)
National Technical Information Service. Vol. AD-A165-747
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
subcutaneous-dog LDLo 200 mg/kg
"Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1352, 1935.
subcutaneous-guinea pig LDLo 100 mg/kg
"Abdernalden's Handbuch der Biologischen Arbeitsmethoden." Vol. 4, Pg. 1352, 1935.
skin-rabbit LD > 2000 mg/kg
Acute Toxicity Data. Journal of the American College of Toxicology, Part B. Vol. 12, Pg. 596, 1993.
subcutaneous-rat LDLo 404 mg/kg
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 28, Pg. 251, 1926.
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
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Not determined
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | buffering agents |
| Recommendation for guanidine HCl usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for guanidine HCl flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | amino(imino)methanaminium chloride | | | diaminomethaniminium chloride | | | guanidine hydrochloride | | | guanidine hydrochloride (1:1) | | | guanidine monohydrochloride | | | guanidine, hydrochloride (1:1) | | | guanidine;hydrochloride | | | guanidinium hydrochloride |
Articles:
| PubMed:Caseins from bovine colostrum and milk strongly bind piscidin-1, an antimicrobial peptide from fish. |
| PubMed:Synergistic effects of guanidine-grafted CMC on enhancing antimicrobial activity and dry strength of paper. |
| PubMed:Lipopolysaccharide induced conversion of recombinant prion protein. |
| PubMed:Biochemical and atomic force microscopic characterization of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan. |
| PubMed:Aggregation and adhesion properties of 22 Lactobacillus strains. |
| PubMed:Enhanced inhibition of foot-and-mouth disease virus by combinations of porcine interferon-α and antiviral agents. |
| PubMed:Akwaton, polyhexamethylene-guanidine hydrochloride-based sporicidal disinfectant: a novel tool to fight bacterial spores and nosocomial infections. |
| PubMed:Antimicrobial activities of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride-based disinfectant against fungi isolated from cocoa beans and reference strains of bacteria. |
| PubMed:Comparison of three DNA extraction methods for feed products and four amplification methods for the 5'-junction fragment of Roundup Ready soybean. |
| PubMed:Fluorescence studies on the stability, flexibility and substrate-induced conformational changes of acetate kinases from psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria. |
| PubMed:LogSpin: a simple, economical and fast method for RNA isolation from infected or healthy plants and other eukaryotic tissues. |
| PubMed:Biophysical studies of an NAD(P)(+)-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase from Bacillus licheniformis. |
| PubMed:Deactivation of soybean agglutinin by enzymatic and other physical treatments. |
| PubMed:Conformational and thermal properties of phaseolin, the major storage protein of red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). |
| PubMed:Technical note: comparing calibration methods for determination of protein in goat milk by ultraviolet spectroscopy. |
| PubMed:Characterization of functional intermediates of endoglucanase from Aspergillus aculeatus during urea and guanidine hydrochloride unfolding. |
| PubMed:Development of an optimized ELISA and a sample preparation method for the detection of beta-lactoglobulin traces in baby foods. |
| PubMed:Interaction of chaperone alpha-crystallin with unfolded state of alpha-amylase: Implications for reconstitution of the active enzyme. |
| PubMed:Identification and characterization of ambroxol as an enzyme enhancement agent for Gaucher disease. |
| PubMed:Methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside enhances the enzymatic activity of recombinant beta-galactosidase inclusion bodies in the araBAD promoter system of Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed:Moisture-induced aggregation of whey proteins in a protein/buffer model system. |
| PubMed:Isolation of surface (S) layer protein carrying Lactobacillus species from porcine intestine and faeces and characterization of their adhesion properties to different host tissues. |
| PubMed:Effect of ionic detergents, nonionic detergents, and chaotropic agents on polyphenol oxidase activity from dormant saffron (Crocus sativus L.) corms. |
| PubMed:Multiplexed detection of mycotoxins in foods with a regenerable array. |
| PubMed:Refolding and activation of human prorenin expressed in Escherichia coli: application of recombinant human renin for inhibitor screening. |
| PubMed:Conformational stability of 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase from the fungus Cochliobolus lunatus. |
| PubMed:Bioanalysis and pharmacokinetics of chitosan ester in rabbit serum by HPLC with postcolumn fluorescence derivatization. |
| PubMed:Dimerization specificity of adult and neonatal chicken skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain rods. |
| PubMed:Assay of bone morphogenetic protein-2, -4, and -7 in human demineralized bone matrix. |
| PubMed:Modification of beta-lactoglobulin by oligofructose: impact on protein adsorption at the air-water interface. |
| PubMed:Rice allergenic proteins, 14-16 kDa albumin and alpha-globulin, remain insoluble in rice grains recovered from rice miso (rice-containing fermented soybean paste). |
| PubMed:Development of a general procedure for complete extraction of gliadins for heat processed and unheated foods. |
| PubMed:The production of recombinant APRP, an alkaline protease derived from Bacillus pumilus TYO-67, by in vitro refolding of pro-enzyme fixed on a solid surface. |
| PubMed:Study on Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase conformation by phosphorimetry in the presence of denaturant. |
| PubMed:Chemical processing as a tool to generate ovalbumin variants with changed stability. |
| PubMed:Reversible denaturation behavior of immobilized glucose oxidase. |
| PubMed:A tetrodotoxin-binding protein in the hemolymph of shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus: purification and properties. |
| PubMed:Reductive unfolding and oxidative refolding of a Bowman-Birk inhibitor from horsegram seeds (Dolichos biflorus): evidence for "hyperreactive" disulfide bonds and rate-limiting nature of disulfide isomerization in folding. |
| PubMed:The folding of alpha-1-proteinase inhibitor: kinetic vs equilibrium control. |
| PubMed:Functional implications of the beta-helical protein fold: differences in chemical and thermal stabilities of Erwinia chrysanthemi EC16 pectate lyases B, C, and E. |
| PubMed:Structural and functional consequences of removal of the interdomain disulfide bridge from the isolated C-lobe of ovotransferrin. |
| PubMed:Unfolding of multimeric proteins in presence of denaturants. A case study of helianthinin from Helianthus annuus L. |
| PubMed:Determination of molecular weight of agars and effect of the molecular weight on the glass transition. |
| PubMed:Reusability of avidin-biotinylated immunoglobulin Y columns in immunoaffinity chromatography. |
| PubMed:Isolation and characterization of proteoglycans from growing antlers of wapiti (Cervus elaphus). |
| PubMed:Quantitative analysis of Gly m Bd 28K in soybean products by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. |
| PubMed:Effects of roxarsone and monensin on digital flexoral tendons of broiler chickens. |
| PubMed:Assessment of the protein quality of the smooth muscle myofibrillar and connective tissue proteins of chicken gizzard. |
| PubMed:Status of Cys residues in the covalent structure of botulinum neurotoxin types A, B, and E. |
| PubMed:High-level expression of bovine beta-lactoglobulin in Pichia pastoris and characterization of its physical properties. |
| PubMed:Chemical and thermal stability of ferulic acid esterase-III from Aspergillus niger. |
| PubMed:Seminested RT-PCR systems for small round structured viruses and detection of enteric viruses in seafood. |
| PubMed:The detection of kinetic intermediates during the unfolding of lipoxygenase-1 by urea or guanidine hydrochloride. |
| PubMed:Physical, biochemical, and immunological characterization of a thermostable amidase from Klebsiella pneumoniae NCTR 1. |
| PubMed:Aggregated form of dextransucrases from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F and its constitutive mutant. |
| PubMed:Role of disulfide linkages in structure and activity of proteinase inhibitor from horsegram (Dolichos biflorus). |
| PubMed:A comparison of methods for determining total body protein. |
| PubMed:Interaction of guanidine hydrochloride and guanidine thiocyanate with wheat germ lipase. |
| PubMed:Retrospective study of 108 cases of botulism in Poitiers, France. |
| PubMed:Thermostable variants of bovine beta-lactoglobulin. |
| PubMed:In vitro self-assembly of the S layer subunits from Clostridium difficile GAI 0714 into tetragonal arrays. |
| PubMed:Isolation and renaturation of bio-active proteins expressed in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies. |
| PubMed:O-glycosylation and stability. Unfolding of glucoamylase induced by heat and guanidine hydrochloride. |
| PubMed:Active papain renatured and processed from insoluble recombinant propapain expressed in Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed:Molecular stability of chicken and rabbit immunoglobulin G. |
| PubMed:Determination of profiles of non-collagenous proteins from rat bones by sodium dodecyl sulfate high-performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Nature of the tryptic/chymotryptic inhibitor from horsegram (Dolichos biflorus). |
| PubMed:Development and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua. |
| PubMed:A kinetic and equilibrium study of the denaturation of aspartic proteinases from the fungi, Endothia parasitica and Mucor miehei. |
| PubMed:Denaturation behavior of phaseolin in urea, guanidine hydrochloride, and sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions. |
| PubMed:Competing solvent effects of polyols and guanidine hydrochloride on protein stability. |
| PubMed:Expression of recombinant bovine beta-lactoglobulin in Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed:Freezing denaturation of ovalbumin at acid pH. |
| PubMed:The binding of 3H-labelled androgen-receptor complexes to hypothalamic chromatin of neonatal mice: effect of sex and androgenization. |
| PubMed:Single site proteolysis in silkworm antitrypsin causes structural changes in behavior against denaturing reagents. |
| PubMed:Influence of glycosylation on the oligomeric structure of yeast acid phosphatase. |
| PubMed:Isolation and characterization of cytoplasmic fibrils from treponemes. |
| PubMed:Characterization and reassembly of a regular array in the cell wall of Clostridium difficile GAI 4131. |
| PubMed:Manganese rickets. A biochemical and stereologic study with special reference to the effect of phosphate. |
| PubMed:Isolation and characterization of rat intestinal polyribosomes and RNA during absorption of fat. Increased translation in vitro of apo-AIV. |
| PubMed:Species identification of cooked meats by enzyme-staining of isoelectricfocusing gels. |
| PubMed:Wheat Storage Proteins : ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GLIADIN MESSENGER RNAs. |
| PubMed:Absorption, excretion, and metabolism of 1,3-bis(p-chlorobenzylideneamino)guanidine hydrochloride (Robenz robenidine hydrochloride) in the chicken. |
| PubMed:Absorption, excretion, and metabolism of robenz, robenidine hydrochloride (1,3-bis(p-chlorobenzylideneamino)guanidine hydrochloride), in the rat. |
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a strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological ph. it is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. it is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (from martindale, the extra pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and merck index, 12th ed) it is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in hplc.
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3D/inchi