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Category:herbicides / pesticides
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | Yellow crystalline solid (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
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| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 286.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Boiling Point: | 377.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
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| Flash Point: | 365.00 °F. TCC ( 185.00 °C. )
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| logP (o/w): | 3.390 |
| Soluble in: |
| | water, 3.923 mg/L @ 25 °C (est) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
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| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
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| Pictogram | |
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| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
oral-mouse LD50 > 5000 mg/kg
Pesticide Manual. Vol. 9, Pg. 37, 1991.
unreported-quail LD50 > 2000 mg/kg
Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C23, 1991.
intraperitoneal-rat LD50 3500 mg/kg
Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 21(12), Pg. 27, 1977.
oral-rat LDLo 15000 mg/kg
"Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 22, 1982.
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| Dermal Toxicity: |
skin-rat LD50 > 1000 mg/kg
"Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd, eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1983-86Vol. A019, Pg. 1983
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| Inhalation Toxicity: |
inhalation-rat LC50 > 1300 mg/m3/4H
Pesticide Manual. Vol. 9, Pg. 37, 1991.
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Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | herbicides / pesticides |
| Recommendation for anthraquinone usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
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| Recommendation for anthraquinone flavor usage levels up to: |
| | not for flavor use.
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Safety References:
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| | anthra-9,10-quinone | | | anthracen-9,10-dione | | 9,10- | anthracendion | | | anthracene-9,10-dione | | | anthracenedione | | 9,10- | anthracenedione | | | anthracenequinone | | 9,10- | anthraquinone | | 9,10- | dihydro-9,10-diketoanthracene | | 9,10- | dihydro-9,10-dioxoanthracene | | 9,10- | dioxoanthracene |
Articles:
| PubMed:Reconciling sensory cues and varied consequences of avian repellents. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of water-soluble 9,10-anthraquinone analogues with potent cyanobactericidal activity toward the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata. |
| PubMed:Novel derivatives of 9,10-anthraquinone are selective algicides against the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata. |
| PubMed:Characterization of natural aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists from cassia seed and rosemary. |
| PubMed:Functional Significance Of Ultraviolet Feeding Cues In Wild Turkeys. |
| PubMed:Anthraquinones quinizarin and danthron unwind negatively supercoiled DNA and lengthen linear DNA. |
| PubMed:Functional significance of ultraviolet feeding cues in wild turkeys. |
| PubMed:Functional characterization of a veA-dependent polyketide synthase gene in Aspergillus flavus necessary for the synthesis of asparasone, a sclerotium-specific pigment. |
| PubMed:Identification of novel metabolites from Aspergillus flavus by high resolution and multiple stage mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Increase in lactate yield by growing Corynebacterium glutamicum in a bioelectrochemical reactor. |
| PubMed:Structure elucidation and chromatographic identification of anthraquinone components of cochineal (Dactylopius coccus) detected in historical objects. |
| PubMed:Anthraquinone Content in Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.). |
| PubMed:Antioxidant polyketide phenolic metabolites from the edible mushroom Cortinarius purpurascens. |
| PubMed:Subchronic toxicity evaluation of anthraquinone in Fischer 344 rats. |
| PubMed:Qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthraquinones in rhubarbs by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Structural and functional analysis of angucycline C-6 ketoreductase LanV involved in landomycin biosynthesis. |
| PubMed:Lentisone, a new phytotoxic anthraquinone produced by Ascochyta lentis, the causal agent of Ascochyta blight in Lens culinaris. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory effects of α-mangostin on mammalian DNA polymerase, topoisomerase, and human cancer cell proliferation. |
| PubMed:Preparative thin-layer chromatographic separation followed by identification of antifungal compound in Cassia laevigata by RP-HPLC and GC-MS. |
| PubMed:Redox mediator enhanced simultaneous decolorization of azo dye and bioelectricity generation in air-cathode microbial fuel cell. |
| PubMed:Potential role of ATP-binding cassette transporters in the intestinal transport of rhein. |
| PubMed:Safety of purified decolorized (low anthraquinone) whole leaf Aloe vera (L) Burm. f. juice in a 3-month drinking water toxicity study in F344 rats. |
| PubMed:Fungal and mycotoxin assessment of dried edible mushroom in Nigeria. |
| PubMed:Anaerobic transformation of DDT related to iron(III) reduction and microbial community structure in paddy soils. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of repair-related DNA polymerases by vitamin Ks, their related quinone derivatives and associated inflammatory activity (Review). |
| PubMed:Conformations and spectroscopic properties of laccaic acid A in the gas phase and in implicit water. |
| PubMed:Anthraquinone profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of bark extracts of Rhamnus alaternus, R. fallax, R. intermedia and R. pumila. |
| PubMed:Enhanced biotransformation of DDTs by an iron- and humic-reducing bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila HS01 upon addition of goethite and anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonic disodium salt (AQDS). |
| PubMed:Mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity of Aloe vera ( Aloe barbadensis Miller) in different growth stages. |
| PubMed:Trapping of p-coumaryl and coniferyl alcohol during soda-anthraquinone treatment: a means of estimating uncondensed β-O-4 structures in native lignin. |
| PubMed:Discovery of a two-component monooxygenase SnoaW/SnoaL2 involved in nogalamycin biosynthesis. |
| PubMed:Assessing the effects of three potential chemical repellents to prevent bird damage to corn seeds and seedlings. |
| PubMed:Effects of an anthraquinone derivative from Rheum officinale Baill, emodin, on airway responses in a murine model of asthma. |
| PubMed:Biostimulation of indigenous microbial communities for anaerobic transformation of pentachlorophenol in paddy soils of southern China. |
| PubMed:Antitumor effects of emodin on LS1034 human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo: roles of apoptotic cell death and LS1034 tumor xenografts model. |
| PubMed:Protective effects of emodin against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in cultured human kidney (HEK 293) cells. |
| PubMed:Citreorosein, a naturally occurring anthraquinone derivative isolated from Polygoni cuspidati radix, attenuates cyclooxygenase-2-dependent prostaglandin D2 generation by blocking Akt and JNK pathways in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. |
| PubMed:Adaptive kernel independent component analysis and UV spectrometry applied to characterize the procedure for processing prepared rhubarb roots. |
| PubMed:Rhein ameliorates fatty liver disease through negative energy balance, hepatic lipogenic regulation, and immunomodulation in diet-induced obese mice. |
| PubMed:Effect of Aeromonas hydrophila on Reductive Dechlorination of DDTs by Zero-Valent Iron. |
| PubMed:The effect of emodin, an anthraquinone derivative extracted from the roots of Rheum tanguticum, against herpes simplex virus in vitro and in vivo. |
| PubMed:Reconciling sensory cues and varied consequences of avian repellents. |
| PubMed:Influence of carbon source on growth and mycotoxin production by isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from wheat. |
| PubMed:Inactivation of food-borne spoilage and pathogenic micro-organisms on the surface of a photoactive polymer. |
| PubMed:Low pH dye decolorization with ascomycete Lamprospora wrightii laccase. |
| PubMed:Chrysophanol induces necrosis through the production of ROS and alteration of ATP levels in J5 human liver cancer cells. |
| PubMed:Development of a rapid determination of pesticides in coated seeds using a high-performance liquid chromatography-UV detection system. |
| PubMed:Barminomycin, a model for the development of new anthracyclines. |
| PubMed:Fiber length and pulping characteristics of switchgrass, alfalfa stems, hybrid poplar and willow biomasses. |
| PubMed:Biodegradation of anthraquinone dyes by Shewanella sp. NTOU1 under anaerobic conditions. |
| PubMed:Study on the anthraquinones separated from the cultivation of Trichoderma harzianum strain Th-R16 and their biological activity. |
| PubMed:Structure-activity relationships of anthraquinones on the suppression of DNA-binding activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. |
| PubMed:Influence of water activity and temperature on growth and mycotoxin production by isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from wheat. |
| PubMed:Anti-angiogenic effects of rhubarb and its anthraquinone derivatives. |
| PubMed:Inhibitory activities of Cassia tora and its anthraquinone constituents on angiotensin-converting enzyme. |
| PubMed:Purification of recombinant laccase from Trametes versicolor in Pichia methanolica and its use for the decolorization of anthraquinone dye. |
| PubMed:Analysis of acrylamide in a complex matrix of polyacrylamide solutions treated by heat and ultraviolet light. |
| PubMed:New tryptophanase inhibitors: towards prevention of bacterial biofilm formation. |
| PubMed:Plasma, tissue and urinary levels of aloin in rats after the administration of pure aloin. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of water-soluble 9,10-anthraquinone analogues with potent cyanobactericidal activity toward the musty-odor cyanobacterium Oscillatoria perornata. |
| PubMed:2-Hydr-oxy-1,6,7,8-tetra-meth-oxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone. |
| PubMed:Final report on the safety assessment of disperse Blue 7. |
| PubMed:Fractionation of flax shives by water and aqueous ammonia treatment in a pressurized low-polarity water extractor. |
| PubMed:Identification of TLC markers and quantification by HPLC-MS of various constituents in noni fruit powder and commercial noni-derived products. |
| PubMed:Aloe-emodin-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells. |
| PubMed:Application of redox mediator to accelerate selenate reduction to elemental selenium by Enterobacter taylorae. |
| PubMed:Photo-irradiation of Aloe vera by UVA--formation of free radicals, singlet oxygen, superoxide, and induction of lipid peroxidation. |
| PubMed:Rumex induratus leaves: interesting dietary source of potential bioactive compounds. |
| PubMed:Anthrasesamones D and E from Sesamum indicum roots. |
| PubMed:Nutritive value, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Struchium sparganophora leaves. |
| PubMed:Induction of extracellular matrix synthesis in normal human fibroblasts by anthraquinone isolated from Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit. |
| PubMed:In vitro sensitivity of Botrytis cinerea to anthraquinone and anthrahydroquinone derivatives. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and activity of substituted anthraquinones against a human filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. |
| PubMed:Selective growth-inhibiting effects of compounds identified in Tabebuia impetiginosa inner bark on human intestinal bacteria. |
| PubMed:Lichen palatability depends on investments in herbivore defence. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant phenolic constituents in roots of Rheum officinale and Rubia cordifolia: structure-radical scavenging activity relationships. |
| PubMed:Antigenotoxic properties of Cassia tea (Cassia tora L.): mechanism of action and the influence of roasting process. |
| PubMed:Anthraquinones isolated from Cassia tora (Leguminosae) seed show an antifungal property against phytopathogenic fungi. |
| PubMed:Membrane-related effects underlying the biological activity of the anthraquinones emodin and barbaloin. |
| PubMed:Anthraquinones production, hydrogen peroxide level and antioxidant vitamins in Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures from intermediary and production medium strategies. |
| PubMed:Glucuronidation as a mechanism of intrinsic drug resistance in human colon cancer: reversal of resistance by food additives. |
| PubMed:Anthrasesamones from roots of Sesamum indicum. |
| PubMed:Comparative studies on the delignification of pine kraft-anthraquinone pulp with hydrogen peroxide by binucleus Mn(IV) complex catalysis. |
| PubMed:The contribution of biotic and abiotic processes during azo dye reduction in anaerobic sludge. |
| PubMed:Cynodontin: a fungal metabolite with antifungal properties. |
| PubMed:Protection against Trp-P-2 DNA adduct formation in C57bl6 mice by purpurin is accompanied by induction of cytochrome P450. |
| PubMed:Effects of 9,10 anthraquinone on ruminal fermentation, total-tract digestion, and blood metabolite concentrations in sheep. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of human cytochrome P450 1B1, 1A1 and 1A2 by antigenotoxic compounds, purpurin and alizarin. |
| PubMed:Determination of anthraquinone in technical material, formulations, and lettuce by high performance liquid chromatography. |
| PubMed:Antifeedant activity of an anthraquinone aldehyde in Galium aparine L. against Spodoptera litura F. |
| PubMed:Structure of acid-stable carmine. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant activity of chemical components from sage (Salvia officinalis L.) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) measured by the oil stability index method. |
| PubMed:Final report on the safety assessment of Acid Violet 43. |
| PubMed:Application of redox mediators to accelerate the transformation of reactive azo dyes in anaerobic bioreactors. |
| PubMed:Preventive effects of anthraquinone food pigments on the DNA damage induced by carcinogens in Drosophila. |
| PubMed:Role of biological antioxidants in benzanthrone toxicity. |
| PubMed:Degradation of phenanthrene and anthracene by cell suspensions of Mycobacterium sp. strain PYR-1. |
| PubMed:Growth and anthraquinone production of Morinda elliptica cell suspension cultures in a stirred-tank bioreactor. |
| PubMed:Stabilization of azadirachtin A in neem formulations: effect of some solid carriers, neem oil, and stabilizers. |
| PubMed:Antioxidant effects of extracts from Cassia tora L. prepared under different degrees of roasting on the oxidative damage to biomolecules. |
| PubMed:Protection against the bacterial mutagenicity of heterocyclic amines by purpurin, a natural anthraquinone pigment. |
| PubMed:Occurrence of emodin, chrysophanol and physcion in vegetables, herbs and liquors. Genotoxicity and anti-genotoxicity of the anthraquinones and of the whole plants. |
| PubMed:Genotoxicity of sennosides on the bone marrow cells of mice. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of sulfate reduction to sulfide by 9,10-anthraquinone in in vitro ruminal fermentations. |
| PubMed:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase purified from electric eel. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of the mutagenicity of 2-nitrofluorene, 3-nitrofluoranthene and 1-nitropyrene by flavonoids, coumarins, quinones and other phenolic compounds. |
| PubMed:In vitro antimutagenic effects of anthraquinone aglycones and naphthopyrone glycosides from Cassia tora. |
| PubMed:In vitro inhibition of microbial methane production by 9,10-anthraquinone. |
| PubMed:Alaternin, cassiaside and rubrofusarin gentiobioside, radical scavenging principles from the seeds of Cassia tora on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. |
| PubMed:Toxicity of structurally related anthraquinones and anthrones to mammalian cells in vitro. |
| PubMed:Effect of extraneous supplementation of ascorbic acid on the bio-disposition of benzanthrone in guinea pigs. |
| PubMed:Biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by new isolates of white rot fungi. |
| PubMed:Comparative study of the biodisposition of benzanthrone in different rodent species. |
| PubMed:The mutagenic constituents of Rubia tinctorum. |
| PubMed:Interaction of benzanthrone with cytochrome P450: altered patterns of hepatic xenobiotic metabolism in rats. |
| PubMed:Genotoxicity in the hepatocyte/DNA repair test and toxicity to liver mitochondria of 1-hydroxyanthraquinone and several dihydroxyanthraquinones. |
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3D/inchi