EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

meta-salicylic acid
3-hydroxybenzoic acid

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 99-06-9Picture of molecule3D/inchi
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:202-726-5
FDA UNII: 2ZFW40OJ7U
Nikkaji Web:J43.202D
Beilstein Number:0508160
MDL:MFCD00002506
XlogP3:1.50 (est)
Molecular Weight:138.12242000
Formula:C7 H6 O3
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:stabilizing agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Perfumer and Flavorist:Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
DG SANTE Food Flavourings:08.132 3-hydroxybenzoic acid
FEMA Number:4431 3-hydroxybenzoic acid
FDA:No longer provide for the use of these seven synthetic flavoring substances
FDA Mainterm (SATF):99-06-9 ; 3-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:white powder (est)
Assay: 99.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 202.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Boiling Point: 345.00 to 346.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
Vapor Pressure:0.000022 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est)
Flash Point: 351.00 °F. TCC ( 177.22 °C. )
logP (o/w): 1.500
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 1.697e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 water, 7250 mg/L @ 25 °C (exp)
Insoluble in:
 water
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
CosIng:cosmetic data
Cosmetic Uses: skin conditioning
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid
ExtraSynthese
For experimental / research use only.
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid (HPLC) ≥90%
Glentham Life Sciences
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Penta International
3-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid
Sigma-Aldrich: Aldrich
For experimental / research use only.
3-Hydroxybenzoic acid ReagentPlus®, 99%
TCI AMERICA
For experimental / research use only.
3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid >98.0%(LC)(T)
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
European information :
Most important hazard(s):
Xn - Harmful.
R 22 - Harmful if swallowed.
R 36/38 - Irritating to skin and eyes.
R 41 - Risk of serious damage to eyes.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 22 - Do not breath dust.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection.
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-mouse LD50 2000 mg/kg
Quarterly Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacology. Vol. 19, Pg. 483, 1946.

intraperitoneal-rat LD50 3700 mg/kg
Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. Vol. 112, Pg. 53, 1973.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
stabilizing agents
Recommendation for meta-salicylic acid usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): 610.00 (μg/capita/day)
Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): 120000 (μg/person/day)
Threshold of Concern:1800 (μg/person/day)
Structure Class: I
Use levels for FEMA GRAS flavoring substances on which the FEMA Expert Panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe (GRAS).
The Expert Panel also publishes separate extensive reviews of scientific information on all FEMA GRAS flavoring substances and can be found at FEMA Flavor Ingredient Library
publication number: 24
Click here to view publication 24
 average usual ppmaverage maximum ppm
baked goods: --
beverages(nonalcoholic): 300.00000500.00000
beverages(alcoholic): --
breakfast cereal: --
cheese: --
chewing gum: 500.000002000.00000
condiments / relishes: --
confectionery froastings: 300.00000500.00000
egg products: --
fats / oils: --
fish products: --
frozen dairy: --
fruit ices: --
gelatins / puddings: --
granulated sugar: --
gravies: --
hard candy: --
imitation dairy: --
instant coffee / tea: --
jams / jellies: --
meat products: --
milk products: --
nut products: --
other grains: --
poultry: --
processed fruits: --
processed vegetables: --
reconstituted vegetables: --
seasonings / flavors: --
snack foods: --
soft candy: 300.00000500.00000
soups: --
sugar substitutes: --
sweet sauces: --
 
Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i).
Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm.
 average usage mg/kgmaximum usage mg/kg
Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): --
Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): --
Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): --
Processed fruit (04.1): --
Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): --
Confectionery (05.0): 500.000002000.00000
Chewing gum (05.3): --
Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): --
Bakery wares (07.0): --
Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): --
Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): --
Eggs and egg products (10.0): --
Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): --
Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): --
Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): --
Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): 300.00000500.00000
Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): 300.00000500.00000
Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): --
Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): --
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...

European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Scientific Report of EFSA on the risk assessment of salts of authorised acids, phenols or alcohols for use in food contact materials [1]
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 2 (FGE.20Rev2): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 3(FGE.20Rev3): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 20, Revision 4 (FGE.20Rev4): Benzyl alcohols, benzaldehydes, a related acetal, benzoic acids, and related esters from chemical groups 23 and 30
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):99-06-9
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :7420
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:1
3-hydroxybenzoic acid
Chemidplus:0000099069
RTECS:DH1924980 for cas# 99-06-9
 
References:
 3-hydroxybenzoic acid
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):7420
Pubchem (sid):134971601
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
FDA Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS):View
FDA Indirect Additives used in Food Contact Substances:View
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Golm Metabolome Database:Search
Metabolomics Database:Search
UM BBD:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C00587
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB02466
FooDB:FDB010507
Export Tariff Code:2918.29.1000
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
 skin conditioning
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 bilberry fruit
Search Trop Picture
 bilberry fruit juice
Search Trop Picture
 castoreum
Search PMC Picture
 coffee
Search PMC Picture
 honey - up to 2.7 mg/kg
Search PMC Picture
 
Synonyms:
 benzoic acid, 3-hydroxy-
 benzoic acid, m-hydroxy-
3-hydroxy benzoic acid
m-hydroxy benzoic acid
meta-hydroxy benzoic acid
3-hydroxy-benzoic acid
m-hydroxy-benzoic acid
3-hydroxybenzoic acid
m-hydroxybenzoic acid
meta-hydroxybenzoic acid
3-hydroxybenzoic aicd
3-hydroxybenzoicacid
m-hydroxylbenzoic acid
3-salicylic acid
m-salicylic acid
meta-salicylic acid
m-salicylicacid
 

Articles:

PubMed:Raman and terahertz spectroscopical investigation of cocrystal formation process of piracetam and 3-hydroxybenzoic acid.
PubMed:The rice bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae produces 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid via XanB2 for use in xanthomonadin, ubiquinone, and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis.
PubMed:Xanthomonas campestris diffusible factor is 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and is associated with xanthomonadin biosynthesis, cell viability, antioxidant activity, and systemic invasion.
PubMed:Excited-state proton transfer of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid.
PubMed:An evaluation of topical 3% salicylic acid and 1% hydrocortisone in the maintenance of scalp pruritus.
PubMed:Polymorphism and thermodynamics of m-hydroxybenzoic acid.
PubMed:Role of intestinal microbiota in the generation of polyphenol-derived phenolic acid mediated attenuation of Alzheimer's disease β-amyloid oligomerization.
PubMed:A novel coupled enzyme assay reveals an enzyme responsible for the deamination of a chemically unstable intermediate in the metabolic pathway of 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid in Bordetella sp. strain 10d.
PubMed:Substrate-mediated purification and characterization of a 3-hydroxybenzoic acid-6-hydroxylase from Micrococcus.
PubMed:Metabolism of 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid by Bordetella sp. strain 10d: A different modified meta-cleavage pathway for 2-aminophenols.
PubMed:Degradation of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid by a Bacillus species.
PubMed:Evaluation of a fibre optic device in solution equilibria studies. Application to 3-hydroxybenzoic acid ionization.
PubMed:Molecular structures of 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, obtained by gas-phase electron diffraction and theoretical calculations.
PubMed:Engineering the substrate specificity of the DhbE adenylation domain by yeast cell surface display.
PubMed:Conversion of phenolic constituents in aqueous Hamamelis virginiana leaf extracts during fermentation.
PubMed:An open label prospective randomized trial to compare the efficacy of coal tar-salicylic Acid ointment versus calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate ointment in the treatment of limited chronic plaque psoriasis.
PubMed:3-Hydroxybenzoic acid as an internal standard for the high-pressure liquid chromatography quantitation of salicylic acid in plants.
PubMed:3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid, a specific agonist for hydroxycarboxylic acid 1, inhibits lipolysis in adipocytes.
PubMed:Determination of HDL-cholesterol using 2,4,6-tribromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid with a commercial CHOD-PAP reagent.
PubMed:Enzymic determination of the free cholesterol fraction of high-density lipoprotein in plasma with use of 2,4,6-tribromo-3-hydroxybenzoic acid.
PubMed:The renal mechanisms for the excretion of m-hydroxybenzoic acid in Cebus monkeys: relationship to urate transport.
PubMed:[Phenolglycosides. XII. Cleavability of m-hydroxybenzoic acid ester- and gentisic acid ester-beta-D-glucopyranosides by Mandel-emulsin].
PubMed:Study of possible complex formation between macromolecules and certain pharmaceuticals. II. Polyvinylpyrrolidone with p-aminobenzoic acid, aminopyrine, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, citric acid, and phenobarbital.
PubMed:Investigation of some complexes formed in solution by caffeine. III. Interactions between caffeine and aspirin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid, salicylate ion, and butyl paraben.
PubMed:The occurrence of m-hydroxybenzoic acid in urine.
PubMed:m-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxylase from Aspergillus niger.
PubMed:Investigation of some complexes formed in solution by caffeine. V. Interactions between caffeine and p-aminobenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, picric acid, o-phthalic acid, suberic acid, and valeric acid.
PubMed:Terahertz (6-15 THz) Spectroscopy and Numerical Modeling of Intermolecular Vibrations in Benzoic Acid and Its Derivatives.
PubMed:Hypobromous acid, a powerful endogenous electrophile: Experimental and theoretical studies.
PubMed:Terahertz (6-15 THz) Spectroscopy and Numerical Modeling of Intermolecular Vibrations in Benzoic Acid and Its Derivatives.
PubMed:The versatility of the fungal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase system is instrumental in xenobiotic detoxification.
PubMed:Comparative functional characterization of a novel benzoate hydroxylase cytochrome P450 of Fusarium oxysporum.
PubMed:Electron transfer from plant phenolates to carotenoid radical cations. Antioxidant interaction entering the Marcus theory inverted region.
PubMed:[Meisenheimer complexes of 2,4,6-trinitro-3-hydroxybenzoic acid (author's transl)].
PubMed:Phenolic metabolites and substantial microbiome changes in pig feces by ingesting grape seed proanthocyanidins.
PubMed:[Regulation of peroxidase activity under the influence of signaling molecules and Bacillus subtilis 26D in potato plants infected with Phytophthora infestans].
PubMed:Caffeic acid inhibits the formation of 7-carboxyheptyl radicals from oleic acid under flavin mononucleotide photosensitization by scavenging singlet oxygen and quenching the excited state of flavin mononucleotide.
PubMed:A novel ionic liquid-modified organic-polymer monolith as the sorbent for in-tube solid-phase microextraction of acidic food additives.
PubMed:An efficient total synthesis of trilepisiumic acid.
PubMed:Degradation of anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen by electro-oxidation: comparison of electro-Fenton and anodic oxidation processes.
PubMed:Mechanistic implications for the chorismatase FkbO based on the crystal structure.
PubMed:Ampholine-functionalized hybrid organic-inorganic silica material as sorbent for solid-phase extraction of acidic and basic compounds.
PubMed:Single- and mixed-linker Cr-MIL-101 derivatives: a high-throughput investigation.
PubMed:Relationship between chlorine consumption and chlorination by-products formation for model compounds.
PubMed:Mutational biosynthesis of tacrolimus analogues by fkbO deletion mutant of Streptomyces sp. KCTC 11604BP.
PubMed:Randomized study comparing the efficacy and tolerance of a lipohydroxy acid shampoo to a ciclopiroxolamine shampoo in the treatment of scalp seborrheic dermatitis.
PubMed:Regioselective carboxylation of catechol by 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate decarboxylase of Enterobacter cloacae P.
PubMed:Genomic and functional analyses of the gentisate and protocatechuate ring-cleavage pathways and related 3-hydroxybenzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate peripheral pathways in Burkholderia xenovorans LB400.
PubMed:The diffusible factor synthase XanB2 is a bifunctional chorismatase that links the shikimate pathway to ubiquinone and xanthomonadins biosynthetic pathways.
PubMed:MhbT is a specific transporter for 3-hydroxybenzoate uptake by Gram-negative bacteria.
PubMed:Novel L-cysteine-dependent maleylpyruvate isomerase in the gentisate pathway of Paenibacillus sp. strain NyZ101.
PubMed:Diphenyl ether cleavage of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid by chicken kidney microsomal preparations.
PubMed:Identification of Hydroxybenzoic Acids as Selective Lactate Receptor (GPR81) Agonists with Antilipolytic Effects.
PubMed:[3-hydroxybenzoate and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate metabolism in Rhodococcus opacus 1CP strain].
PubMed:Characterization of the amicetin biosynthesis gene cluster from Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus NRRL 2363 implicates two alternative strategies for amide bond formation.
PubMed:A novel meta-cleavage dioxygenase that cleaves a carboxyl-group-substituted 2-aminophenol. Purification and characterization of 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoate 2,3-dioxygenase from Bordetella sp. strain 10d.
PubMed:Functional annotation and characterization of 3-hydroxybenzoate 6-hydroxylase from Rhodococcus jostii RHA1.
PubMed:[Pharmacokinetics of three phenolic acids of xiangdan injection in rats].
PubMed:[Differentiation of Klebsiella pneumoniae variatio "oxytoca" (author's transl)].
PubMed:Phenolic acids in black raspberry and in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs following ingestion of black raspberry.
PubMed:Interaction of mushroom tyrosinase with aromatic amines, o-diamines and o-aminophenols.
PubMed:Cinnamic acid is a precursor of benzoic acids in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum L. but not in cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea RAFN.
PubMed:Analysis of phenolic compounds in health care products by low-pressure liquid-chromatography with monolithic column and chemiluminescent detection.
PubMed:[Constituents of Gymnadenia conopsea].
PubMed:Purification and characterization of the ncgl2923 -encoded 3-hydroxybenzoate 6-hydroxylase from Corynebacterium glutamicum.
PubMed:Aromatic C-methyltransferases with antipodal stereoselectivity for structurally diverse phenolic amino acids catalyze the methylation step in the biosynthesis of the actinomycin chromophore.
PubMed:A randomized trial of acidified nitrite cream in the treatment of tinea pedis.
PubMed:Enhancement of the penetration of dithranol and increase of effect of dithranol on the skin by liposomes.
PubMed:Bis[2-(3-carboxyphenoxy)carbonylethyl]phosphinic acid (m-BCCEP): a novel affinity cross-linking reagent for the beta-cleft modification of human hemoglobin.
PubMed:The cobalt way to angucyclinones: asymmetric total synthesis of the antibiotics (+)-rubiginone B2, (-)-tetrangomycin, and (-)-8-O-methyltetrangomycin.
PubMed:Interaction of commonly used emollients with photochemotherapy.
PubMed:Aqabamycins A-G: novel nitro maleimides from a marine Vibrio species. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activities.
PubMed:Aqabamycins A-G: novel nitro maleimides from a marine Vibrio species: II. Structure elucidation.
PubMed:The renal handling of terephthalic acid.
PubMed:The biotransformation of three 14C-labelled phenolic compounds in twelve species of freshwater fish.
PubMed:Cytotoxic polyphenols from the marine-derived fungus Penicillium expansum.
PubMed:A lipohydroxyacid-containing shampoo improves scalp condition and quality of life in patients with seborrheic dermatitis and light-to-moderate scalp psoriasis.
PubMed:3-Hydroxybenzoate:coenzyme A ligase from cell cultures of Centaurium erythraea: isolation and characterization.
PubMed:Degradation of some phenols and hydroxybenzoates by the imperfect ascomycetous yeasts Candida parapsilosis and Arxula adeninivorans: evidence for an operative gentisate pathway.
PubMed:Removal of small trihalomethane precursors from aqueous solution by nanofiltration.
PubMed:Reduction of disinfection by-products precursors by nanofiltration process.
PubMed:Lipoxygenase inhibitory constituents from Indigofera oblongifolia.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of phenolic acids and flavonoids in Lycium barbarum Linnaeus by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS.
PubMed:MhbR, a LysR-type regulator involved in 3-hydroxybenzoate catabolism via gentisate in Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1.
PubMed:Anaerobic Degradation of m-Cresol by a Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium.
PubMed:Acyl pentapeptide lactone synthesis in actinomycin-producing streptomycetes by feeding with structural analogs of 4-methyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid.
PubMed:4-Methyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid activating enzyme from actinomycin-producing Streptomyces chrysomallus.
PubMed:Salicylic acid improves acclimation to salt stress by stimulating abscisic aldehyde oxidase activity and abscisic acid accumulation, and increases Na+ content in leaves without toxicity symptoms in Solanum lycopersicum L.
PubMed:Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B by Bi(2)WO(6) with electron accepting agent under microwave irradiation: mechanism and pathway.
PubMed:[Studies on chemical constituents of aerial parts of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus].
PubMed:Determination of iron(III) with salicylic acid by the fluorescence quenching method.
PubMed:A randomised, single-blind, single-centre clinical trial to evaluate comparative clinical efficacy of shampoos containing ciclopirox olamine (1.5%) and salicylic acid (3%), or ketoconazole (2%, Nizoral) for the treatment of dandruff/seborrhoeic dermatitis.
PubMed:Hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma (four cases in three generations).
PubMed:[Treatment of superficial mycoses in the tropics. Results of a double-blind study in the Karonga District, Malawi].
PubMed:Detection and determination of salicylic acid impurity in aspirin tablet formulations' by high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:[Effects of peeling agents (resorcinol, crystalline sulfur, salicylic acid) on the epidermis of guinea pig (author's transl)].
PubMed:Chocolate intake increases urinary excretion of polyphenol-derived phenolic acids in healthy human subjects.
PubMed:[Study on the biosynthesis of para-aminobenzoic acid by S. sanguis. I. Establishment of a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography].
PubMed:Evidence for the degradation of maleate moiety in chlorpheniramine maleate solution using a stability-indicating HPLC method.
PubMed:Perceptual properties of benzoic acid derivatives.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of p-aminobenzoic acid and its metabolites in urine by high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Quantitation of patulin pathway metabolites using gas-liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Degradation of phenylalanine and tyrosine by Sporobolomyces roseus.
PubMed:Electrochemical behavior and antioxidant and prooxidant activity of natural phenolics.
PubMed:Phytotoxic effects and chemical analysis of leaf extracts from three Phytolaccaceae species in South Korea.
PubMed:[Research on the separation of three isomers of hydroxybenzoic acid by capillary zone electrophoresis].
PubMed:Determination of free and total phenolic acids in plant-derived foods by HPLC with diode-array detection.
PubMed:Adsorption and Chemical Modification of Phenols on a Silver Surface.
PubMed:Method for radioiodination of proteins using N-succinimidyl 3-hydroxy-4-iodobenzoate.
PubMed:Direct analysis of salicylic acid, salicyl acyl glucuronide, salicyluric acid and gentisic acid in human plasma and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Urinary p-aminobenzoic acid determined in the pancreatic function test by liquid chromatography, with electrochemical detection.
PubMed:Streptomyces setonii: catabolism of vanillic acid via guaiacol and catechol.
PubMed:Catabolism of substituted benzoic acids by streptomyces species.
PubMed:A gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric assay for nine hydroxyphenolic acids in uremic serum.
PubMed:Bilirubin acidity. Titrimetric and 13C NMR studies.
PubMed:[Utilization of aromatic compounds by yeasts of the genus Debaryomyces].
PubMed:Antiproliferative activity of anti-inflammatory drugs in two mammalian cell culture lines.
PubMed:Patulin biosynthesis: the metabolism of m-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde by particulate preparations from Penicillium patulum.
PubMed:Studies on flavonoid metabolism. Metabolism of (+)-[14C] catechin in the rat and guinea pig.
PubMed:Studies on flavonoid metabolism. Metabolism of (+)-catechin in the guinea pig.
PubMed:Determination of acetazolamide in human serum by enzymatic assay.
PubMed:Effects of salicylic acid in glutamate- and kainic acid-induced neurotoxicity in cerebellar granular cell culture of rats.
PubMed:Anaerobic metabolism of catechol by the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica--a result of promiscuous enzymes and regulators?
PubMed:Ligand specificity of MobR, a transcriptional regulator for the 3-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase gene of Comamonas testosteroni KH122-3s.
PubMed:Crystal structure of 3-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase from Comamonas testosteroni has a large tunnel for substrate and oxygen access to the active site.
PubMed:Rapid characterization of microbial biodegradation pathways by FT-IR spectroscopy.
PubMed:Sedimenticola selenatireducens, gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic selenate-respiring bacterium isolated from estuarine sediment.
PubMed:Functional identification of novel genes involved in the glutathione-independent gentisate pathway in Corynebacterium glutamicum.
PubMed:A rapid HPLC method for the determination of carboxylic acids in human urine using a monolithic column.
PubMed:Emodinol, beta-glucuronidase inhibiting triterpene from Paeonia emodi.
PubMed:Isolation and characterization of thermophilic bacilli degrading cinnamic, 4-coumaric, and ferulic acids.
PubMed:Alysinol--a new triterpene from Alysicarpus monolifer.
PubMed:Collective vibrational modes in biological molecules investigated by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.
PubMed:Selective suppression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein beta binding and cyclooxygenase-2 promoter activity by sodium salicylate in quiescent human fibroblasts.
PubMed:Effects of mono-, di- and tri-hydroxybenzoic acids on the nitrosation of propranolol: structure-activity relationship.
PubMed:Carbon-11 pb-12: an attempt to visualize the dopamine d(4) receptor in the primate brain with positron emission tomography.
PubMed:Phylogenetic position and physiology of Cerinosterus cyanescens.
PubMed:Effect of hydroxyl radical scavengers in renal cortical cells.
PubMed:[The simultaneous determination of hippuric acid, o-, m-, p-methylhippuric acids, mandelic acid and phenylglyoxylic acid in urine by HPLC].
PubMed:Key enzymes for the degradation of benzoate, m- and p-hydroxybenzoate by some members of the order Actinomycetales.
PubMed:Fermentative degradation of 3-hydroxybenzoate in pure culture by a novel strictly anaerobic bacterium, Sporotomaculum hydroxybenzoicum gen. nov., sp. nov.
PubMed:3-Hydroxybenzoate:coenzyme A ligase and 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase from cultured cells of Centaurium erythraea.
PubMed:Variation of the pH of the background electrolyte due to electrode reactions in capillary electrophoresis: theoretical approach and in situ measurement.
PubMed:Cleavage of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid by chicken microsomal preparations.
PubMed:Catabolism of benzene compounds by ascomycetous and basidiomycetous yeasts and yeastlike fungi. A literature review and an experimental approach.
PubMed:Pheromonal activity of single castoreum constituents in beaver,Castor canadensis.
PubMed:Catabolism of benzoate and monohydroxylated benzoates by Amycolatopsis and Streptomyces spp.
PubMed:An enzymic assay for uric acid in serum and urine compared with HPLC.
PubMed:Enzymatic determination of high density lipoprotein phospholipid using a sensitive reagent and a Cobas Bio Centrifugal Analyzer.
PubMed:Kinetic enzymatic method for automated determination of HDL cholesterol in plasma.
PubMed:[Pharmacokinetic and pharmacological studies on cetraxate, an anti-ulcer agent].
PubMed:Siderophores Produced by Nitrogen-Fixing Azotobacter vinelandii OP in Iron-Limited Continuous Culture.
PubMed:Bacterial Decarboxylation of o-Phthalic Acids.
PubMed:Salicylate and mitochondrial injury in Reye's syndrome.
PubMed:The metabolism and excretion of (+)-[14C]cyanidanol-3 in man following oral administration.
PubMed:Short-term inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis in isolated hepatocytes by mono-aromatic compounds.
PubMed:Narrow-line waveguide terahertz time-domain spectroscopy of aspirin and aspirin precursors.
PubMed:Oxidative transformation of natural and synthetic phenolic mixtures by Trametes versicolor laccase.
PubMed:Water-soluble constituents from the leaves of Ilex oblonga.
PubMed:Salicylic acid inhibits gibberellin-induced alpha-amylase expression and seed germination via a pathway involving an abscisic-acid-inducible WRKY gene.
PubMed:Metabolism of 2-, 3- and 4-hydroxybenzoates by soil isolates Alcaligenes sp. strain PPH and Pseudomonas sp. strain PPD.
PubMed:Characterization of MobR, the 3-hydroxybenzoate-responsive transcriptional regulator for the 3-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase gene of Comamonas testosteroni KH122-3s.
PubMed:Growth stimulation and inhibition effects of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and some related compounds on the freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.
PubMed:Towards an understanding of the molecular mechanism of solvation of drug molecules: a thermodynamic approach by crystal lattice energy, sublimation, and solubility exemplified by hydroxybenzoic acids.
PubMed:The gene ncgl2918 encodes a novel maleylpyruvate isomerase that needs mycothiol as cofactor and links mycothiol biosynthesis and gentisate assimilation in Corynebacterium glutamicum.
PubMed:Bupivacaine salts of diflunisal and other aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acids: aqueous solubility and release characteristics from solutions and suspensions using a rotating dialysis cell model.
PubMed:Cloning of a gene encoding 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoate 2,3-dioxygenase from Bordetella sp. 10d.
PubMed:Separation and identification of photodegradation products of benzoic acid by capillary zone electrophoresis.
PubMed:Bacillus krulwichiae sp. nov., a halotolerant obligate alkaliphile that utilizes benzoate and m-hydroxybenzoate.
PubMed:Molecular characterization of an inducible gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase gene, xlnE, from Pseudomonas alcaligenes NCIMB 9867.
PubMed:Microbial aromatic acid metabolites formed in the gut account for a major fraction of the polyphenols excreted in urine of rats fed red wine polyphenols.
PubMed:Effect of simple phenolic compounds on azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in rat colon.
PubMed:Interaction of 3-hydroxybenzoate with 3-hydroxybenzoate-6-hydroxylase.
PubMed:The activity of Arabidopsis glycosyltransferases toward salicylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and other benzoates.
PubMed:The loading module of rifamycin synthetase is an adenylation-thiolation didomain with substrate tolerance for substituted benzoates.
PubMed:Anaerobic metabolism of 3-hydroxybenzoate by the denitrifying bacterium Thauera aromatica.
PubMed:B-535a, b and c, new sphingosine kinase inhibitors, produced by a marine bacterium; taxonomy, fermentation, isolation, physico-chemical properties and structure determination.
PubMed:Initial steps in the fermentation of 3-hydroxybenzoate by Sporotomaculum hydroxybenzoicum.
PubMed:Hydroxyl radical formation in the perilymph of asphyxic guinea pig.
PubMed:meso-5,5,7,12,12,14-Hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane as a building block in supramolecular chemistry; salts formed with 2,2-biphenol, 4,4-thiodiphenol, 4,4-sulfonyldiphenol, 3-and 4-hydroxybenzoic acids, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and phenylphosphonic acid; supramolecular structures in zero, one, two and three dimensions
PubMed:Degradation of 3-phenylpropionic acid by Haloferax sp. D1227.
PubMed:Inhibitors of synaptosomal gamma-hydroxybutyrate transport.
PubMed:Alternative pathways of xanthone biosynthesis in cell cultures of Hypericum androsaemum L.
PubMed:Lipase-based quantitation of triacylglycerols in cellular lipid extracts: requirement for presence of detergent and prior separation by thin-layer chromatography.
PubMed:In vitro formation of a catabolic plasmid carrying Klebsiella pneumoniae DNA that allows growth of Escherichia coli K-12 on 3-hydroxybenzoate.
PubMed:Metabolic pathways of 4-[(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-oxa-4-aza-2,6- disilacyclohexane (MPSC) hydrochloride, a silicon-containing xenobiotic, in rat, dog, and man.
PubMed:o-, m- and p-hydroxybenzoate degradative pathways in Rhodococcus erythropolis.
PubMed:The ocs element in the soybean GH2/4 promoter is activated by both active and inactive auxin and salicylic acid analogues.
PubMed:New aerobic benzoate oxidation pathway via benzoyl-coenzyme A and 3-hydroxybenzoyl-coenzyme A in a denitrifying Pseudomonas sp.
PubMed:Gentisate pathway in Salmonella typhimurium: metabolism of m-hydroxybenzoate and gentisate.
PubMed:Purification and characterization of actinomycin synthetase I, a 4-methyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid-AMP ligase from Streptomyces chrysomallus.
PubMed:The photochemistry of p-aminobenzoic acid.
PubMed:Effect of cosubstrates on the dechlorination of selected chlorophenolic compounds by Rhodococcus erythropolis 1CP.
PubMed:Anaerobic degradation of 3-hydroxybenzoate by a newly isolated nitrate-reducing bacterium.
PubMed:Catabolism of 3-hydroxybenzoate by the gentisate pathway in Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1.
PubMed:Catalytic oxidation of 2-aminophenols and ortho hydroxylation of aromatic amines by tyrosinase.
PubMed:Improved method for determination of high density lipoprotein cholesterol using a sensitive reagent and a centrifugal analyzer.
PubMed:Binding of 17O-labeled substrate and inhibitors to protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase-nitrosyl complex. Evidence for direct substrate binding to the active site Fe2+ of extradiol dioxygenases.
PubMed:Relationship between cyclooxygenase activity (COA) inhibition and stimulation of ventilation by salicylate.
PubMed:Gentisic acid and its 3- and 4-methyl-substituted homologoues as intermediates in the bacterial degradation of m-cresol, 3,5-xylenol and 2,5-xylenol.
 
Notes:
Present in fruits. Isol. from Citrus paradisi (grapefruit) Produced in the gut microflora as one of the three main metabolites formed from the catechin diet. Its use in the production of glycol benzoates for the application of plasticizer in adhesive formulations is increasing. It is also used in the manufacture of alkyd resins and drilling mud additive for crude oil recovery applications. It is used as a rubber polymerization activators and retardants.
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