|
Category:flavoring agents
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Physical Properties:
| Appearance: | pale yellow to brown crystalline powder (est) |
| Assay: | 95.00 to 100.00
|
| Food Chemicals Codex Listed: | No |
| Melting Point: | 106.00 to 108.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Boiling Point: | 280.00 to 281.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
|
| Vapor Pressure: | 0.000257 mmHg @ 25.00 °C. (est) |
| Flash Point: | 410.00 °F. TCC ( 210.00 °C. )
|
| logP (o/w): | -0.593 (est) |
| Soluble in: |
| | alcohol | | | water, 1000000 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp) |
Organoleptic Properties:
| Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found). |
Cosmetic Information:
Suppliers:
Safety Information:
| Preferred SDS: View |
| European information : |
| Most important hazard(s): | | T - Toxic. |
R 25 - Toxic if swallowed.
R 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.
S 02 - Keep out of the reach of children.
S 20/21 - When using do not eat, drink or smoke.
S 22 - Do not breath dust.
S 24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S 28 - After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water.
S 36/37/39 - Wear suitable clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
|
| |
| Hazards identification |
| |
| Classification of the substance or mixture |
| GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS) |
| None found. |
| GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements |
| |
| Pictogram | |
| |
| Hazard statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Precautionary statement(s) |
| None found. |
| Oral/Parenteral Toxicity: |
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 410 mg/kg
Toxicon. Vol. 23, Pg. 815, 1985.
intravenous-mouse LD50 750 mg/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 93, Pg. 143, 1953.
oral-rat LD50 124 mg/kg
Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. Vol. 93, Pg. 143, 1953.
|
| Dermal Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
| Inhalation Toxicity: |
|
Not determined
|
Safety in Use Information:
| Category: | | flavoring agents |
| Recommendation for 2-pyridone usage levels up to: | | | not for fragrance use.
|
| |
| Maximised Survey-derived Daily Intakes (MSDI-EU): | 0.024 (μg/capita/day) |
| Modified Theoretical Added Maximum Daily Intake (mTAMDI): | 400 (μg/person/day) |
| Threshold of Concern: | 540 (μg/person/day) |
| Structure Class: | II |
| |
| Food categories according to Commission Regulation EC No. 1565/2000 (EC, 2000) in FGE.06 (EFSA, 2002a). According to the Industry the "normal" use is defined as the average of reported usages and "maximum use" is defined as the 95th percentile of reported usages (EFSA, 2002i). |
| Note: mg/kg = 0.001/1000 = 0.000001 = 1/1000000 = ppm. |
| | average usage mg/kg | maximum usage mg/kg |
| Dairy products, excluding products of category 02.0 (01.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
| Fats and oils, and fat emulsions (type water-in-oil) (02.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
| Edible ices, including sherbet and sorbet (03.0): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
| Processed fruit (04.1): | 0.40000 | 2.00000 |
| Processed vegetables (incl. mushrooms & fungi, roots & tubers, pulses and legumes), and nuts & seeds (04.2): | - | - |
| Confectionery (05.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Chewing gum (05.3): | - | - |
| Cereals and cereal products, incl. flours & starches from roots & tubers, pulses & legumes, excluding bakery (06.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Bakery wares (07.0): | 2.00000 | 10.00000 |
| Meat and meat products, including poultry and game (08.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Fish and fish products, including molluscs, crustaceans and echinoderms (MCE) (09.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Eggs and egg products (10.0): | - | - |
| Sweeteners, including honey (11.0): | - | - |
| Salts, spices, soups, sauces, salads, protein products, etc. (12.0): | 0.10000 | 0.50000 |
| Foodstuffs intended for particular nutritional uses (13.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Non-alcoholic ("soft") beverages, excl. dairy products (14.1): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
| Alcoholic beverages, incl. alcohol-free and low-alcoholic counterparts (14.2): | - | - |
| Ready-to-eat savouries (15.0): | 1.00000 | 5.00000 |
| Composite foods (e.g. casseroles, meat pies, mincemeat) - foods that could not be placed in categories 01.0 - 15.0 (16.0): | 0.20000 | 1.00000 |
Safety References:
European Food Safety Athority(EFSA):Flavor usage levels; Subacute, Subchronic, Chronic and Carcinogenicity Studies; Developmental / Reproductive Toxicity Studies; Genotoxicity Studies...
|
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):
|
Opinion of the Scientific Panel on food additives, flavourings, processing aids and materials in contact with food (AFC) related to Flavouring Group Evaluation 24 (FGE.24): Pyridine, pyrrole, indole and quinoline derivatives from chemical group 28 (Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 of 18 July 2000)
View page or View pdf
|
Pyridine, pyrrole, indole and quinoline derivatives from chemical group 28 Flavouring Group Evaluation 24, Revision 1 - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in contact with Food (AFC)
View page or View pdf
|
Flavouring Group Evaluation 77 (FGE77) [1] - Consideration of Pyridine, Pyrrole and Quinoline Derivatives evaluated by JECFA (63rd meeting) structurally related to Pyridine, Pyrrole, Indole and Quinoline Derivatives evaluated by EFSA in FGE.24Rev1 (2008)
View page or View pdf
|
Scientific opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 24, Revision 2 (FGE.24Rev2): Pyridine, pyrrole, indole and quinoline derivatives from chemical group 28
View page or View pdf
|
| EPI System: View |
| AIDS Citations:Search |
| Cancer Citations:Search |
| Toxicology Citations:Search |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (TSCA):142-08-5 |
| EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data |
| EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry |
| Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :8871 |
| National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data |
| WGK Germany:3 |
| 1H-pyridin-2-one |
| Chemidplus:0000142085 |
| RTECS:UV1144050 for cas# 142-08-5 |
References:
Other Information:
Potential Blenders and core components note
Potential Uses:
Occurrence (nature, food, other): note
Synonyms:
| 1,2- | dihydro-2-oxopyridine | | | hydropyridin-2-one | | 2- | hydroxypyridine | | | pyridin-2-ol | | | pyridin-2-one | | 1H- | pyridin-2-one | | | pyridin-2(1H)-one | | 2-oxo | pyridine | | 2- | pyridinol | | 2(1H)- | pyridinone | | 2(1H)- | pyridone | | alpha- | pyridone |
Articles:
| PubMed:Preparation, spectroscopic and antibacterial studies on charge-transfer complexes of 2-hydroxypyridine with picric acid and 7,7',8,8'-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane. |
| PubMed:Trace level liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry quantification of the mutagenic impurity 2-hydroxypyridine N-oxide as its dansyl derivative. |
| PubMed:Arthpyrones A-C, pyridone alkaloids from a sponge-derived fungus Arthrinium arundinis ZSDS1-F3. |
| PubMed:Beyond H2: exploiting 2-hydroxypyridine as a design element from [Fe]-hydrogenase for energy-relevant catalysis. |
| PubMed:What controls the magnetic exchange interaction in mixed- and homo-valent Mn7 disc-like clusters? A theoretical perspective. |
| PubMed:Rhodium-catalyzed chemo-, regio-, and enantioselective addition of 2-pyridones to terminal allenes. |
| PubMed:Gas-phase lifetimes of nucleobase analogues by picosecond pumpionization and streak techniques. |
| PubMed:Synthesis, antibacterial and antitubercular activities of benzimidazole bearing substituted 2-pyridone motifs. |
| PubMed:Trinuclear [CoIII 2 -LnIII] (Ln=Tb, Dy) single-ion magnets with mixed 6-chloro-2-hydroxypyridine and Schiff base ligands. |
| PubMed:A 3-fold-symmetric ligand based on 2-hydroxypyridine: regulation of ligand binding by hydrogen bonding. |
| PubMed:Discovery of 2-pyridone derivatives as potent HIV-1 NNRTIs using molecular hybridization based on crystallographic overlays. |
| PubMed:Multi-armed poly(L-glutamic acid)-graft-polypropyleneinime as effective and serum resistant gene delivery vectors. |
| PubMed:Determination of 2-Hydroxypyridine-1-Oxide (HOPO) at sub-ppm levels using derivitization and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GCMS). |
| PubMed:High nuclearity (octa-, dodeca-, and pentadecanuclear) metal (M = Co(II), Ni(II)) phosphonate cages: synthesis, structure, and magnetic behavior. |
| PubMed:Protonation effect on the electronic properties of 2-pyridone monomer, dimer and its water clusters: a theoretical study. |
| PubMed:Watson-Crick and sugar-edge base pairing of cytosine in the gas phase: UV and infrared spectra of cytosine·2-pyridone. |
| PubMed:From 2-hydroxypyridine to 4(3H)-pyrimidinone: computational study on the control of the tautomeric equilibrium. |
| PubMed:A roaming wavepacket in the dynamics of electronically excited 2-hydroxypyridine. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of fluorescent ring-fused 2-pyridone peptidomimetics. |
| PubMed:Zero-point tunneling splittings in compounds with multiple hydrogen bonds calculated by the rainbow instanton method. |
| PubMed:Modulation of curli assembly and pellicle biofilm formation by chemical and protein chaperones. |
| PubMed:Design and synthesis of novel 2'-hydroxy group substituted 2-pyridone derivatives as anticancer agents. |
| PubMed:Major mechanistic differences between the reactions of hydroxylamine with phosphate di- and tri-esters. |
| PubMed:Pilicides inhibit the FGL chaperone/usher assisted biogenesis of the Dr fimbrial polyadhesin from uropathogenic Escherichia coli. |
| PubMed:Nucleophile-catalyzed additions to activated triple bonds. Protection of lactams, imides, and nucleosides with MocVinyl and related groups. |
| PubMed:Nickel-catalyzed direct alkylation of heterocycles with α-bromo carbonyl compounds: C3-selective functionalization of 2-pyridones. |
| PubMed:NH3 as a strong H-bond donor in singly- and doubly-bridged ammonia solvent clusters: 2-pyridone·(NH3)(n), n = 1-3. |
| PubMed:Studies on novel pyridine and 2-pyridone derivatives of N-arylpiperazine as α-adrenoceptor ligands. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some 2-pyridone nucleosides containing a sulfonamide moiety. |
| PubMed:Exciton coupling mechanisms analyzed with subsystem TDDFT: direct vs pseudo exchange effects. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of pyrazole encompassing 2-pyridone derivatives as antibacterial agents. |
| PubMed:Modulation of α-synuclein fibrillization by ring-fused 2-pyridones: templation and inhibition involve oligomers with different structure. |
| PubMed:Design, synthesis, and binding mode prediction of 2-pyridone-based selective CB2 receptor agonists. |
| PubMed:Unsymmetrical binding modes of the HOPNO inhibitor of tyrosinase: from model complexes to the enzyme. |
| PubMed:Fragment-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of N-substituted-5-(4-isopropylthiophenol)-2-hydroxynicotinamide derivatives as novel Mcl-1 inhibitors. |
| PubMed:Surface hopping dynamics using a locally diabatic formalism: charge transfer in the ethylene dimer cation and excited state dynamics in the 2-pyridone dimer. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of trans-(4-hydroxypyridine)(ammine)dichloroplatinum(II) and its activity in the human ovarian tumour models. |
| PubMed:Enantioselectivity in visible light-induced, singlet oxygen [2+4] cycloaddition reactions (type II photooxygenations) of 2-pyridones. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and evaluation of novel 2-pyridone derivatives as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase3 (PDE3): a target for heart failure and platelet aggregation. |
| PubMed:Reactions of the tetrafluoroborate complex [Mo2Cp2(κ(2)-F2BF2)(μ-PPh2)2(CO)]BF4 with mono- and bidentate ligands having E-H bonds (E = O, S, Se, N, P). |
| PubMed:Temperature and solvent structure dependence of VO2+ complexes of pyridine-N-oxide derivatives and their interaction with human serum transferrin. |
| PubMed:Multi-component anion relay cascade of 1-acetylcyclopropanecarboxamides, aldehydes and acrylonitrile: access to biscyanoethylated furo[3,2-c]pyridinones. |
| PubMed:Stereoselective amine-catalyzed carbohydrate chain elongation. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of the binding of oxovanadium(IV) to human serum albumin. |
| PubMed:Mapping pilicide anti-virulence effect in Escherichia coli, a comprehensive structure-activity study. |
| PubMed:2-Aminothiophenes as building blocks in heterocyclic synthesis: synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of a new class of pyrido[1,2-a]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidine, quinoline and pyridin-2-one derivatives. |
| PubMed:Versatile effects of aurone structure on mushroom tyrosinase activity. |
| PubMed:FeCl3⋅6H2O-catalyzed intermolecular-cascade cyclization of acetoacetanilide: aldehyde-tuned synthesis to valuable 2-pyridone analogues. |
| PubMed:Mechanisms of protein oligomerization: inhibitor of functional amyloids templates α-synuclein fibrillation. |
| PubMed:Structure of the Yersinia pestis FabV enoyl-ACP reductase and its interaction with two 2-pyridone inhibitors. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of trans-bis-(2-hydroxypyridine)dichloroplatinum(II) and its activity in human ovarian tumour models. |
| PubMed:Construction of Escherichia coli-Arthrobacter-Rhodococcus shuttle vectors based on a cryptic plasmid from Arthrobacter rhombi and investigation of their application for functional screening. |
| PubMed:Efficient synthesis of biazoles by aerobic oxidative homocoupling of azoles catalyzed by a copper(I)/2-pyridonate catalytic system. |
| PubMed:The S1/S2 exciton interaction in 2-pyridone·6-methyl-2-pyridone: Davydov splitting, vibronic coupling, and vibronic quenching. |
| PubMed:The versatile binding mode of transition-state analogue inhibitors of tyrosinase towards dicopper(II) model complexes: experimental and theoretical investigations. |
| PubMed:Light-induced enantiospecific 4π ring closure of axially chiral 2-pyridones: enthalpic and entropic effects promoted by H-bonding. |
| PubMed:Induction of micronuclei by 2-hydroxypyridine in water and elimination of solution genotoxicity by UVC (254 nm) photolysis. |
| PubMed:"Twisted" scorpionates: synthesis of a tris(2-pyridonyl)borate (Thp) ligand; lessons in the requirements for successful B(L2D)3 type ligands. |
| PubMed:Bioavailability and toxicological potential of sunflower-bound residues of (14)C-chlorpyrifos insecticide in rats. |
| PubMed:Excitonic splittings in jet-cooled molecular dimers. |
| PubMed:Intermolecular clamping by hydrogen bonds: 2-pyridone⋅NH3. |
| PubMed:Supertetrahedral icosanuclear and ring-like decanuclear mixed valent manganese(II/III) triethanolamine clusters. |
| PubMed:Differentiation of isomeric hydroxypyridine N-oxides using metal complexation and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. |
| PubMed:Consensus features of CP-MLR and GA in modeling HIV-1 RT inhibitory activity of 4-benzyl/benzoylpyridin-2-one analogues. |
| PubMed:Electron-induced phase transition in hydrogen-bonded solid-state 2-pyridone. |
| PubMed:A theoretical study of the mechanism for the homogeneous catalytic reversible dehydrogenation-hydrogenation of nitrogen heterocycles. |
| PubMed:Locations and reorientations of multi-ring-fused 2-pyridones in ganglioside G(M1) micelles. |
| PubMed:The influence of secondary interactions on complex stability and double proton transfer reaction in 2-[1H]-pyridone/2-hydroxypyridine dimers. |
| PubMed:Structural studies of biomolecules in the gas phase by chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. |
| PubMed:Time-dependent density functional theory study of the excited-state dihydrogen bonding: clusters of 2-pyridone with diethylmethylsilane and triethylgermanium. |
| PubMed:The hydrogen-bonded 2-pyridone dimer model system. 2. Femtosecond mid-infrared pump-probe study. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of 2-pyridones and iminoesters via Rh(III)-catalyzed oxidative coupling between acrylamides and alkynes. |
| PubMed:Tautomerism and microsolvation in 2-hydroxypyridine/2-pyridone. |
| PubMed:Novel proton transfer fluorescence probe 2-hydroxy-pyridine and 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypyridine for studying native, denatured and renatured state of protein Bovine Serum Albumin. |
| PubMed:Is the reactivity of M(II)-arene complexes of 3-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridones to biomolecules the anticancer activity determining parameter? |
| PubMed:Transition metal ions or acid-induced suppression of photoinduced proton transfer and electron transfer reaction in 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypyridine: a molecule of dual mode fluorosensitivity. |
| PubMed:Excited state lactim to lactam type tautomerization reaction in 5-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxypyridine: spectroscopic study and quantum chemical calculation. |
| PubMed:Kinetics of solid state photodimerization of 1,4-dimethyl-2-pyridinone in its molecular compound. |
| PubMed:The hydrogen-bonded 2-pyridone dimer model system. 1. Combined NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy study. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and structural and magnetic characterization of a hexadecanuclear cobalt phosphonate compound. |
| PubMed:Unusual light spectroscopic properties of a 2-pyridone-based multi-ring-fused fluorescent scaffold. |
| PubMed:Intramolecular 1,6-addition to 2-pyridones. Mechanism and synthetic scope. |
| PubMed:Photoionization of 2-pyridone and 2-hydroxypyridine. |
| PubMed:Large-scale asymmetric synthesis of a cathepsin S inhibitor. |
| PubMed:Vanadate complexes in serum: a speciation modeling study. |
| PubMed:Design, synthesis, and antihepatitis B virus activities of novel 2-pyridone derivatives. |
| PubMed:Analytical energy gradient for reference interaction site model self-consistent field explicitly including spatial electron density distribution. |
| PubMed:Excited-state dynamics of the 2-hydroxypyridine-ammonia complex. |
| PubMed:Noncovalent synthesis of hierarchical zinc phosphates from a single Zn(4)O(12)P(4) double-four-ring building block: dimensionality control through the choice of auxiliary ligands. |
| PubMed:Binding of 2-hydroxypyridine-N-oxide on dicopper(II) centers: insights into tyrosinase inhibition mechanism by transition-state analogs. |
| PubMed:One-pot synthesis of 2-pyridones via chemo- and regioselective tandem Blaise reaction of nitriles with propiolates. |
| PubMed:2-Hydroxypyridine photolytic degradation by 254 nm UV irradiation at different conditions. |
| PubMed:Studies on the synthesis and activity of three tripalladium complexes containing planaramine ligands. |
| PubMed:Photolytic removal and mineralisation of 2-halogenated pyridines. |
| PubMed:Copper complexes of pyridine derivatives with superoxide scavenging and antimicrobial activities. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and structural and magnetic characterisation of cobalt(II)-sodium phosphonate cage compounds. |
| PubMed:Isolation of 2-pyridone alkaloids from a New Zealand marine-derived penicillium species. |
| PubMed:Discovery of pyrrolopyridine-pyridone based inhibitors of Met kinase: synthesis, X-ray crystallographic analysis, and biological activities. |
| PubMed:Characterization of subdomain IIA binding site of human serum albumin in its native, unfolded, and refolded states using small molecular probes. |
| PubMed:Convergent and rapid assembly of substituted 2-pyridones through formation of N-alkenyl alkynylamides followed by gold-catalyzed cycloisomerization. |
| PubMed:Carboxylic acid isosteres improve the activity of ring-fused 2-pyridones that inhibit pilus biogenesis in E. coli. |
| PubMed:Design and synthesis of 2-pyridones as novel inhibitors of the Bacillus anthracis enoyl-ACP reductase. |
| PubMed:Design, synthesis, and thrombin-inhibitory activity of pyridin-2-ones as P2/P3 core motifs. |
| PubMed:Catalytic hydrolysis of esters of 2-hydroxypyridine derivatives for Cu2+ detection. |
| PubMed:Evaluation of a 2-pyridone, KRQ-10018, against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and in vivo. |
| PubMed:Coordination chemistry of a model for the GP cofactor in the Hmd hydrogenase: hydrogen-bonding and hydrogen-transfer catalysis. |
| PubMed:Saccharinato complexes of Ce(V) with 2-hydroxypyridine: synthesis, spectroscopic and thermal characteristics of [Ce(sac)2(SO4)(H2O)4] and [Ce(sac)2(SO4)(PyOH)2]. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and structural and magnetic characterization of cobalt(II) phosphonate cage compounds. |
| PubMed:Reactive force fields for proton transfer dynamics. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of new potentially bioactive bicyclic 2-pyridones. |
| PubMed:Photolytic (UVC) and photocatalyic (UVC/TiO2) decomposition of pyridines. |
| PubMed:Ab initio/DFT and AIM studies on dual hydrogen-bonded complexes of 2-hydroxypyridine/2-pyridone tautomerism. |
| PubMed:Improved determination of structural changes of 2-pyridone-(H2O)1 upon electronic excitation. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of carbamates and ureas using Zr(IV)-catalyzed exchange processes. |
| PubMed:Cu-catalyzed N- and O-arylation of 2-, 3-, and 4-hydroxypyridines and hydroxyquinolines. |
| PubMed:Ligand-promoted dehydrogenation of alcohols catalyzed by Cp*Ir complexes. A new catalytic system for oxidant-free oxidation of alcohols. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of methylene- and difluoromethylenephosphonate analogues of uridine-4-phosphate and 3-deazauridine-4-phosphate. |
| PubMed:Studies on the activity of three palladium(II) compounds of the form: trans-PdL2Cl2 where L=2-hydroxypyridine, 3-hydroxypyridine, and 4-hydroxypyridine. |
| PubMed:2-hydroxypyridine <--> 2-pyridone tautomerization: catalytic influence of formic acid. |
| PubMed:Dielectric dispersion in water + 2-hydroxypyridine solid mixtures. |
| PubMed:Theoretical studies of proton-transfer reactions of 2-hydroxypyridine--(H2O)n (n = 0-2) in the ground and excited states. |
| PubMed:Density functional study on the reaction mechanism of proton transfer in 2-pyridone: effect of hydration and self-association. |
| PubMed:Selective cleavage of heparin using aqueous 2-hydroxypyridine: production of an aldose-terminating fragment with high anticoagulant activity. |
| PubMed:Synthesis, characterisation, activities, cell uptake and DNA binding of a trinuclear complex: [[trans-PtCl(NH3)]2mu-[trans-Pd(NH3)(2-hydroxypyridine)-(H2)N(CH2)6NH2)2]Cl4. |
| PubMed:Hydrogen bonding of the nucleobase mimic 2-pyridone to fluorobenzenes: an ab initio investigation. |
| PubMed:Atropisomeric discrimination in new Ru(II) complexes containing the C(2)-symmetric didentate chiral phenyl-1,2-bisoxazolinic ligand. |
| PubMed:Detection and automatic repair of nucleotide base-pair mutations by coherent light. |
| PubMed:Synthesis, characterization, activities, cell uptake and DNA binding of trinuclear complex: [{trans-PtCl(NH(3))}(2)mu-{trans-Pt(NH(3))(2-hydroxypyridine)-(H(2)N(CH(2))(6)NH(2))(2)]Cl(4). |
| PubMed:Insights into structure-activity relationships from lipophilicity profiles of pyridin-2(1H)-one analogs of the cardiotonic agent milrinone. |
| PubMed:Preparation of 2-pyridone-containing tricyclic alkaloid derivatives as potential inhibitors of tumor cell proliferation by regioselective intramolecular N- and C-acylation of 2-pyridone. |
| PubMed:Infrared depletion spectra of 2-aminopyridine2-pyridone, a Watson-Crick mimic of adenine.uracil. |
| PubMed:Studies on the synthesis and characterization of four trans-planaramineplatinum(II) complexes of the form trans-PtL(NH3)CL2 where L = 2-hydroxypyridine, 3-hydroxypyridine, imidazole, and imidazo(1,2-alpha)pyridine. |
| PubMed:Studies on activities, cell uptake and DNA binding of four trans-planaramineplatinum(II) complexes of the form: trans-PtL(NH3)Cl2, where L=2-hydroxypyridine, imidazole, 3-hydroxypyridine and imidazo(1,2-alpha)pyridine. |
| PubMed:Proton transfer dynamics via high resolution spectroscopy in the gas phase and instanton calculations. |
| PubMed:2-Pyridone and 3-oxo-1,2,6-thiadiazine-1,1-dioxide derivatives: a new class of hydrogen bond equivalents of uracil. |
| PubMed:Base pair analogs in the gas phase. |
| PubMed:2(1H)-pyridinone (2-pyridone): self-association and association with water. Spectral and structural characteristics: infrared study and ab initio calculations. |
| PubMed:Design, synthesis, and crystal structure of selective 2-pyridone tissue factor VIIa inhibitors. |
| PubMed:Triplex formation involving 2',4'-BNA with 2-pyridone base analogue: efficient and selective recognition of C:G interruption. |
| PubMed:Chemical speciation of insulinomimetic VO(IV) complexes of pyridine-N-oxide derivatives: binary and ternary systems. |
| PubMed:Stable oligonucleotide-directed triplex formation at target sites with CG interruptions: strong sequence-specific recognition by 2',4'-bridged nucleic-acid-containing 2-pyridones under physiological conditions. |
| PubMed:Hydrogen bond vibrations of 2-aminopyridine.2-pyridone, a Watson-Crick analogue of adenine.uracil. |
| PubMed:One-electron oxidation of "photo-Fenton" reagents and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. |
| PubMed:CYP1A1 induction by pyridine and its metabolites in HepG2 cells. |
| PubMed:Molecular modeling analysis: "Why is 2-hydroxypyridine soluble in water but not 3-hydroxypyridine?". |
| PubMed:Single crystal EPR of Cu(II) doped Cd(C5H5NO)6(BF4)2--an example of reduced metal hyperfine coupling constant. |
| PubMed:catena-Poly[diaquabis(5-chloropyridinium-2-olato-kappaO)copper(II)]-mu-pyrazine-kappa2N:N'] diperchlorate]. |
| PubMed:Influence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds on the tautomerism of pyridine derivatives. |
| PubMed:Structure-based design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of irreversible human rhinovirus 3C protease inhibitors. Part 7: structure-activity studies of bicyclic 2-pyridone-containing peptidomimetics. |
| PubMed:Synthesis of an optically active, bicyclic 2-pyridone dipeptide mimetic. |
| PubMed:Induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 expressions by prototypic and atypical inducers in the human lung. |
| PubMed:Infrared studies of tautomerism in 2-hydroxypyridine 2-thiopyridine and 2-aminopyridine. |
| PubMed:Inhibition of tyrosine phenol-lyase from Citrobacter freundii by 2-azatyrosine and 3-azatyrosine. |
| PubMed:Thermally Activated Site Exchange and Quantum Exchange Coupling Processes in Unsymmetrical Trihydride Osmium Compounds. |
| PubMed:Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of organoboron reagents to 5,6-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridinones. Asymmetric synthesis of 4-aryl-2-piperidinones. |
| PubMed:Unprecedented oxidation of a phenylglycinol-derived 2-pyridone: enantioselective synthesis of polyhydroxypiperidines. |
| PubMed:Pyridone annulation by 4 + 2 coupling of dienolates with nitriles and nitrile equivalents. A solution to the acetonitrile problem. |
| PubMed:An enantioselective ketene-imine cycloaddition method for synthesis of substituted ring-fused 2-pyridinones. |
| PubMed:Enzymatic synthesis of aza-l-tyrosines. |
| PubMed:A short stereoselective preparation of dienamides from cyclobutene compounds. Application in the synthesis of a new cyclohexene nucleoside. |
| PubMed:Hydrogen-bonded complexes of 2-pyridone with centrosymmetric and non-centrosymmetric dicarboxylic acids. |
| PubMed:Solid-state structure and solution behavior of eight-coordinate Sm(III) poly(pyrazolyl)borate compounds. |
| PubMed:Synthesis, solid-state structures, and aggregation motifs of phosphines and phosphine oxides bearing one 2-pyridone ring |
| PubMed:Ionization behaviour and tautomerism-dependent lipophilicity of pyridine-2(1H)-one cardiotonic agents. |
| PubMed:Comparative induction of CYP1A1 expression by pyridine and its metabolites. |
| PubMed:Some factors affecting metal ion-monohydroxamate interactions in aqueous solution. |
| PubMed:An efficient synthesis of the anti-asthmatic agent T-440: a selective N-alkylation of 2-pyridone. |
| PubMed:Recent progress in novel macrolides, quinolones, and 2-pyridones to overcome bacterial resistance. |
| PubMed:Biodegradation of 2-methyl, 2-ethyl, and 2-hydroxypyridine by an Arthrobacter sp. isolated from subsurface sediment. |
| PubMed:Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial studies of metal(II) bis-chelates and mixed-ligand complexes of alpha-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(1-phenyl-2-nitroethyl)nitrone. |
| PubMed:Critical nature of a specific uridine O2-carbonyl for cleavage by the hammerhead ribozyme. |
| PubMed:Charge density study of 2-pyridone. |
| PubMed:Comparison of the effects of pyridine and its metabolites on rat liver and kidney. |
| PubMed:N-substituted aminohydroxypyridines as potential non-opioid analgesic agents. |
| PubMed:Microbial metabolism of fluazifop-butyl. |
| PubMed:Potential for carboxylation-dehydroxylation of phenolic compounds by a methanogenic consortium. |
| PubMed:Synthesis and evaluation of 2-pyridinone derivatives as HIV-1 specific reverse transcriptase inhibitors. 1. Phthalimidoalkyl and -alkylamino analogues. |
| PubMed:Sulfone-aromatic ligands for thiophilic adsorption chromatography: purification of human and mouse immunoglobulins. |
| PubMed:2-Pyridinone derivatives: a new class of nonnucleoside, HIV-1-specific reverse transcriptase inhibitors. |
| PubMed:The structures of atpenins A4, A5 and B, new antifungal antibiotics produced by Penicillium sp. |
| PubMed:Chelators affecting iron absorption in mice. |
| PubMed:Abiotic transformations and decomposition kinetics of 4-carbamoyl-2'-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]-1,1'-(oxydimethylene)-bis(pyridin ium chloride) in aqueous phosphate buffers. |
| PubMed:The catalysis of protein and nucleic acid coupling to an affinity membrane substrate. |
| PubMed:Automated pre-column high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the investigation of adibendan metabolism. |
| PubMed:Amino acids and peptides. XXIII. Synthesis of N alpha-protected amino acid 6-chloro-2-pyridyl esters and their evaluation for peptide synthesis. |
| PubMed:2-Hydroxypyridine-N-oxides: effective new chelators in iron mobilisation. |
| PubMed:Iron mobilisation from lactoferrin by chelators at physiological pH. |
| PubMed:Metabolism of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic N-nitroso-N-methylaminopyridines. II. Investigations in vivo. |
| PubMed:Metabolism of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic N-nitroso-N-methylaminopyridines. I. Investigations in vitro. |
| PubMed:Isolation of arthrobacter bacteriophage from soil. |
| PubMed:Measurement of niacin metabolites in urine by high pressure liquid chromatography. A simple, sensitive assay of niacin nutritional status. |
| PubMed:Plasmid-determined 2-hydroxypyridine utilization by Arthrobacter crystallopoietes. |
| PubMed:High-performance liquid-chromatographic determination of free nicotinic acid and its metabolite, nicotinuric acid, in plasma and urine. |
| PubMed:2-Hydroxypyridine metabolism and pigment formation in three Arthrobacter species. |
| PubMed:Growth and pigment production by Arthrobacter pyridinolis n. sp. |
| PubMed:A method for sequencing peptides: a co-operation of diphenyl phosphorazidate and 2-mercapto- or 2-hydroxypyridine for n-acyldiketopiperazine formation. |
| PubMed:Microbial metabolism of 2-hydroxypyridine. |
| PubMed:[Dipyridyls. V. Oxidation of 2-hydroxypyridine and 2,5-dihydroxypyridine]. |
| PubMed:Microbial metabolism of the pyridine ring. Formation of pyridinediols (dihydroxypyridines) as intermediates in the degradation of pyridine compounds by micro-organisms. |
| PubMed:[Synthesis of 2'-desoxyribofuranosides from 2-hydroxypyridine-pyridone-(2). 42. Glycosides of heterocyclic compounds]. |
| PubMed:Intracellular substrates for endogenous metabolism during long-term starvation of rod and spherical cells of Arthrobacter crystallopoietes. |
| PubMed:Fluorescence studies on some hydroxypyridines including compounds of the vitamin B6 group. |
| PubMed:A CRYSTALLINE PIGMENT PRODUCED FROM 2-HYDROXYPYRIDINE BY ARTHROBACTER CRYSTALLOPOIETES N.SP. |
|
3D/inchi