EU/US Properties Organoleptics Cosmetics Suppliers Safety Safety in use Safety references References Other Blenders Uses Occurrence Synonyms Articles Notes
 

(-)-epicatechin
(-)-(2R:3R)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan-3-ol

Supplier Sponsors

Name:(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
CAS Number: 490-46-0Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):2545-08-6
ECHA EINECS - REACH Pre-Reg:207-710-1
FDA UNII: 34PHS7TU43
Nikkaji Web:J21.603H
Beilstein Number:92760
MDL:MFCD00075648
XlogP3:0.40 (est)
Molecular Weight:290.27178000
Formula:C15 H14 O6
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:natural substances and extractives
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
Google Scholar:Search
Google Books:Search
Google Scholar: with word "volatile"Search
Google Scholar: with word "flavor"Search
Google Scholar: with word "odor"Search
Google Patents:Search
US Patents:Search
EU Patents:Search
Pubchem Patents:Search
PubMed:Search
NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 630.40 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 635.00 °F. TCC ( 335.00 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): 0.490 (est)
Soluble in:
 water, 6.311e+004 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
Alfa Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
Epicatechol, (-)- 98%
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
L-Epicatechin >98%
Odor: characteristic
Use: (?)-Epicatechin is a 2R,3R stereoisomer of catechin and is a naturally occurring flavanol. It is a powerful antioxidant and could inhibit cyclooxygenase.
ExtraSynthese
For experimental / research use only.
(-)-epiCatechin (HPLC) ≥99%
Glentham Life Sciences
Epicatechin, 95%
Nacalai USA
For experimental / research use only.
(-)-epiCatechin
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
(-)-epiCatechin ≥98% (HPLC), from green tea
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
intraperitoneal-mouse LD50 1000 mg/kg
Planta Medica. Vol. 42, Pg. 75, 1981.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
natural substances and extractives
Recommendation for (-)-epicatechin usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for (-)-epicatechin flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System:Search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :72276
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:3
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
Chemidplus:0000490460
RTECS:KB3745000 for cas# 490-46-0
 
References:
 (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):72276
Pubchem (sid):135030257
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
Golm Metabolome Database:Search
KEGG (GenomeNet):C09727
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB01871
FooDB:FDB002576
Export Tariff Code:2932.90.4100
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
MedlinePlusSupp:View
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 apple fruit
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 apple fruit juice
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 apple leaf
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 apple pericarp
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 apricot fruit
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 bay laurel
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 bay laurel leaf
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 bean fava bean
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 bean fava bean testa
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 bilberry fruit
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 bilberry leaf
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 blackberry fruit
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 buckwheat
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 buckwheat root
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 buckwheat seed
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 buckwheat tissue culture
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 cacao
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 cacao bean
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 cacao flower
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 cacao leaf
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 carob bean
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 carob bean seed
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 cashew nut
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 cassia
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 cassia bark
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 chamomile garden chamomile plant
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 cherry
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 cherry sour cherry plant
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 cinnamon ceylon cinnamon bark
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 cocoa
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 coffee
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 cranberry
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 cupuassu
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 ginkgo biloba
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 ginkgo biloba leaf
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 grape
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 grape fruit
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 grape leaf
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 grape pericarp
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 grape seed
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 lingonberry
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 loquat
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 mangosteen
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 manilkara zapota cv.tikal
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 myristica fragrans seed
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 nutmeg seed
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 pear plant
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 pomegranate fruit juice
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 pomegranate leaf
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 raspberry red raspberry fruit
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 raspberry red raspberry juice
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 raspberry red raspberry leaf
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 raspberry red raspberry pericarp
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 raspberry red raspberry plant
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 raspberry red raspberry stem
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 rhubarb root
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 star fruit
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 strawberry wild strawberry fruit
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 tamarind flower
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 tamarind leaf
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 tamarind seed
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 tea
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 tea flower
PbMd Search Trop Picture
 tea leaf
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 tea shoot
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 tea stem
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 tea tissue culture
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 wine red wine
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Synonyms:
(-)-epi-catechin
(2R,3R)-(-)-epicatechin
L-epicatechin
L(-)-epicatechin
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl)-chroman-3,5,7-triol
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-1(2H)-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-3,5,7-triol
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromene-3,5,7-triol
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-chromanetriol
(2R,3R)-2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)chroman-3,5,7-triol
(-)-3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavan
(-)-(2R:3R)-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan-3-ol
 

Articles:

PubMed:(-)-Epicatechin attenuates high-glucose-induced inflammation by epigenetic modulation in human monocytes.
PubMed:Phenolic Assesment of Uncaria tomentosa L. (Cat's Claw): Leaves, Stem, Bark and Wood Extracts.
PubMed:Averrhoa carambola L. peel extract suppresses adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells.
PubMed:Polyphenols, antioxidants, and antimutagenic effects of Copaifera langsdorffii fruit.
PubMed:Determination and quality evaluation of green tea extracts through qualitative and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS).
PubMed:Valorization of solid wastes from chestnut industry processing: Extraction and optimization of polyphenols, tannins and ellagitannins and its potential for adhesives, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
PubMed:Investigations on the effect of antioxidant type and concentration and model system matrix on acrylamide formation in model Maillard reaction systems.
PubMed:Altering the phenolics profile of a green tea leaves extract using exogenous oxidases.
PubMed:Optimised method for the analysis of phenolic compounds from caper (Capparis spinosa L.) berries and monitoring of their changes during fermentation.
PubMed:Differential behaviors of tea catechins under thermal processing: Formation of non-enzymatic oligomers.
PubMed:Improved stability of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin by complexing with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: Effect of pH, temperature and configuration.
PubMed:Flavonoids as dopaminergic neuromodulators.
PubMed:Effects of grape seed extract beverage on blood pressure and metabolic indices in individuals with pre-hypertension: a randomised, double-blinded, two-arm, parallel, placebo-controlled trial.
PubMed:Analysis of stereochemistry and biosynthesis of epicatechin in tea plants by chiral phase high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:An Intracellular Laccase Is Responsible for Epicatechin-Mediated Anthocyanin Degradation in Litchi Fruit Pericarp.
PubMed:Physicochemical Properties and in Vitro Digestibility of Cooked Regular and Nondarkening Cranberry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Their Effects on Bioaccessibility, Phenolic Composition, and Antioxidant Activity.
PubMed:Assessing Interactions between Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Antioxidants in Food Emulsions.
PubMed:Formation of stable radicals in catechin/nitrous acid systems: Participation of dinitrosocatechin.
PubMed:Physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of raw, roasted and puffed cacao beans.
PubMed:Vismia cauliflora extracts: bioactive compounds and the in vitro scavenging capacity against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
PubMed:Application of α-aminoisobutyric acid and β-aminoisobutyric acid inhibits pericarp browning of harvested longan fruit.
PubMed:Separation and characterization of polyphenolics from underutilized byproducts of fruit production (Choerospondias axillaris peels): inhibitory activity of proanthocyanidins against glycolysis enzymes.
PubMed:Nutritional and phytochemical composition of Annona cherimola Mill. fruits and by-products: Potential health benefits.
PubMed:Is this the end of (-)-epicatechin, or not? New study highlights the complex challenges associated with research into the cardiovascular health benefits of bioactive food constituents.
PubMed:Intake and major sources of dietary flavonoid in Korean adults: Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010-2012.
PubMed:Plasma bioavailability and regional brain distribution of polyphenols from apple/grape seed and bilberry extracts in a young swine model.
PubMed:Fruit Phenolic Composition of Different Elderberry Species and Hybrids.
PubMed:Antioxidant and in vitro anticancer activities of phenolics isolated from sugar beet molasses.
PubMed:Biotransformation of (-)-epicatechin, (+)-epicatechin, (-)-catechin, and (+)-catechin by intestinal bacteria involved in isoflavone metabolism.
PubMed:Improving the sweet aftertaste of green tea infusion with tannase.
PubMed:Bioassay-guided isolation of proanthocyanidins with antioxidant activity from peanut (Arachis hypogaea) skin by combination of chromatography techniques.
PubMed:The blood pressure effect and related plasma levels of flavan-3-ols in spontaneously hypertensive rats.
PubMed:Profiling the metabolome changes caused by cranberry procyanidins in plasma of female rats using (1) H NMR and UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS global metabolomics approaches.
PubMed:An effective homogenate-assisted negative pressure cavitation extraction for the determination of phenolic compounds in pyrola by LC-MS/MS and the evaluation of its antioxidant activity.
PubMed:Sequence diversity and differential expression of major phenylpropanoid-flavonoid biosynthetic genes among three mango varieties.
PubMed:Microencapsulation and storage stability of polyphenols from Vitis vinifera grape wastes.
PubMed:3-O-Acyl-epicatechins Increase Glucose Uptake Activity and GLUT4 Translocation through Activation of PI3K Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Cells.
PubMed:A-type ECG and EGCG dimers disturb the structure of 3T3-L1 cell membrane and strongly inhibit its differentiation by targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ with miR-27 involved mechanism.
PubMed:Effect of Fermentation and Drying on Cocoa Polyphenols.
PubMed:Analysis of Cocoa Proanthocyanidins Using Reversed Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Electrochemical Detection: Application to Studies on the Effect of Alkaline Processing.
PubMed:Preparative HSCCC isolation of phloroglucinolysis products from grape seed polymeric proanthocyanidins as new powerful antioxidants.
PubMed:Hydrogenolytic depolymerization of procyanidin polymers from hi-tannin sorghum bran.
PubMed:The cardiovascular benefits of dark chocolate.
PubMed:Polyphenolic Constituents of the Pericarp of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.).
PubMed:Quality control of processed Crataegi Fructus and its medicinal parts by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Effect of methylated tea catechins from Chinese oolong tea on the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte.
PubMed:Influence of age on the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of cocoa flavanols in healthy subjects.
PubMed:Phenolic contents and cellular antioxidant activity of Chinese hawthorn "Crataegus pinnatifida".
PubMed:Role of plant polyphenols in acrylamide formation and elimination.
PubMed:Interaction mechanism between green tea extract and human α-amylase for reducing starch digestion.
PubMed:Monomeric and oligomeric flavan-3-ols and antioxidant activity of leaves from different Laurus sp.
PubMed:Supplementation of the Pure Flavonoids Epicatechin and Quercetin Affects Some Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation in (Pre)Hypertensive Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
PubMed:Identification and antioxidant properties of polyphenols in lotus seed epicarp at different ripening stages.
PubMed:Comparison of phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of European Fagopyrum esculentum cultivars.
PubMed:Bioconversion of (-)-epicatechin, (+)-epicatechin, (-)-catechin, and (+)-catechin by (-)-epigallocatechin-metabolizing bacteria.
PubMed:Investigate the binding of catechins to trypsin using docking and molecular dynamics simulation.
PubMed:Effects of the pure flavonoids epicatechin and quercetin on vascular function and cardiometabolic health: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.
PubMed:Polyphenols from different agricultural residues: extraction, identification and their antioxidant properties.
PubMed:Assessment of white grape pomace from winemaking as source of bioactive compounds, and its antiproliferative activity.
PubMed:Bioactive compounds and scavenging capacity of extracts from different parts of Vismia cauliflora against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
PubMed:Antioxidant, DNA protective efficacy and HPLC analysis of Annona muricata (soursop) extracts.
PubMed:(-)-Epicatechin in the prevention of tumor necrosis alpha-induced loss of Caco-2 cell barrier integrity.
PubMed:Olive oil phenolic compounds affect the release of aroma compounds.
PubMed:Phytochemicals and antioxidant capacities of Mao-Luang (Antidesma bunius L.) cultivars from Northeastern Thailand.
PubMed:Winery by-products: extraction optimization, phenolic composition and cytotoxic evaluation to act as a new source of scavenging of reactive oxygen species.
PubMed:Fast and neat--determination of biochemical quality parameters in cocoa using near infrared spectroscopy.
PubMed:Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 channel suppresses adipogenesis.
PubMed:Plant compounds enhance the assay sensitivity for detection of active Bacillus cereus toxin.
PubMed:Metabolic fingerprint after acute and under sustained consumption of a functional beverage based on grape skin extract in healthy human subjects.
PubMed:The role of p38 MAPK in the induction of intestinal inflammation by dietary oxysterols: modulation by wine phenolics.
PubMed:Identification of polyphenolic compounds in the flesh of Argan (Morocco) fruits.
PubMed:Factors Affecting the Absorption, Metabolism, and Excretion of Cocoa Flavanols in Humans.
PubMed:Efficient quantification of the phenolic profiles of Zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves and correlation between chromatographic fingerprint and antioxidant activity.
PubMed:Characterization of polyphenols and evaluation of antioxidant capacity in grape pomace of the cv. Malbec.
PubMed:Hibiscus sabdariffa leaf polyphenolic extract induces human melanoma cell death, apoptosis, and autophagy.
PubMed:Protective effects of Ocimum gratissimum polyphenol extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats.
PubMed:Synthesis and quantitative analysis of plasma-targeted metabolites of catechin and epicatechin.
PubMed:Maceration with stems contact fermentation: effect on proanthocyanidins compounds and color in Primitivo red wines.
PubMed:Chemical fingerprint and quantitative analysis for quality control of polyphenols extracted from pomegranate peel by HPLC.
PubMed:Pharmacokinetic, partial pharmacodynamic and initial safety analysis of (-)-epicatechin in healthy volunteers.
PubMed:Cocoa flavonoids protect hepatic cells against high-glucose-induced oxidative stress: relevance of MAPKs.
PubMed:Phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and insulinotropic effect of extracts prepared from grape (Vitis vinifera L) byproducts.
PubMed:Phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in algal food products.
PubMed:Isolation of antioxidant phytoconstituents from the seeds of Lens culinaris Medik.
PubMed:Developmental profile of anthocyanin, flavonol, and proanthocyanidin type, content, and localization in saskatoon fruits (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.).
PubMed:Inhibition of DMBA-induced Oral Squamous Cells Carcinoma Growth by Brazilian Red Propolis in Rodent Model.
PubMed:Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenols from seeds of grape pomace.
PubMed:Comparative biokinetics and metabolism of pure monomeric, dimeric, and polymeric flavan-3-ols: a randomized cross-over study in humans.
PubMed:Effects of bioactive constituents in functional cocoa products on cardiovascular health in humans.
PubMed:Assessment of DNA damage using comet assay in middle-aged overweight/obese subjects after following a hypocaloric diet supplemented with cocoa extract.
PubMed:Method of determining the optimal dilution ratio for fluorescence fingerprint of food constituents.
PubMed:Nano-liquid chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry for phenolic profiling: a case study in cranberry syrups.
PubMed:Polyphenolic profile in cider and antioxidant power.
PubMed:Analysis of phenolic compounds in commercial dried grape pomace by high-performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Identification and quantification of phytochemicals in nutraceutical products from green tea by UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS.
PubMed:Fast identification of lipase inhibitors in oolong tea by using lipase functionalised Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles coupled with UPLC-MS/MS.
PubMed:Thermal degradation of green tea flavan-3-ols and formation of hetero- and homocatechin dimers in model dairy beverages.
PubMed:Effects of industrial and home-made spread processing on bilberry phenolics.
PubMed:Phenolic profiles of 20 Canadian lentil cultivars and their contribution to antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase.
PubMed:Incorporation of phenolic compounds, rutin and epicatechin, into soy protein isolate films: mechanical, barrier and cross-linking properties.
PubMed:Interactions of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins with membranes: mechanisms and the physiological relevance.
PubMed:Survey of phytochemical composition and biological effects of three extracts from a wild plant (Cotoneaster nummularia Fisch. et Mey.): a potential source for functional food ingredients and drug formulations.
PubMed:Quercetin 7-O-glucoside suppresses nitrite-induced formation of dinitrosocatechins and their quinones in catechin/nitrite systems under stomach simulating conditions.
PubMed:Effects of hydrophobic and ionic interactions on glycation of casein during Maillard reaction.
PubMed:(-)-Epicatechin prevents alterations in the metabolism of superoxide anion and nitric oxide in the hearts of L-NAME-treated rats.
PubMed:Separation and characterization of soluble esterified and glycoside-bound phenolic compounds in dry-blanched peanut skins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Fortification of cookies with peanut skins: effects on the composition, polyphenols, antioxidant properties, and sensory quality.
PubMed:Inhibition of human aldehyde oxidase activity by diet-derived constituents: structural influence, enzyme-ligand interactions, and clinical relevance.
PubMed:Modulation of (-)-epicatechin metabolism by coadministration with other polyphenols in Caco-2 cell model.
PubMed:Optimization of extraction conditions of areca seed polyphenols and evaluation of their antioxidant activities.
PubMed:Chemical fingerprint analysis for quality control and identification of Ziyang green tea by HPLC.
PubMed:Incorporation of strawberries preparation in yoghurt: impact on phytochemicals and milk proteins.
PubMed:On the use of Ethephon as abscising agent in cv. Crimson Seedless table grape production: combination of Fruit Detachment Force, Fruit Drop and metabolomics.
PubMed:Phenolic profile and antioxidant activity of extracts prepared from fermented heat-stabilized defatted rice bran.
PubMed:Changes of major tea polyphenols and production of four new B-ring fission metabolites of catechins from post-fermented Jing-Wei Fu brick tea.
PubMed:Cross-reactivity of antibodies with phenolic compounds in pistachios during quantification of ochratoxin A by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
PubMed:Estimated dietary intake and major food sources of polyphenols in the Polish arm of the HAPIEE study.
PubMed:Systemic absorption and metabolism of dietary procyanidin B4 in pigs.
PubMed:Near infra-red characterization of changes in flavan-3-ol derivatives in cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) as a function of fermentation temperature.
PubMed:The content of phenolic compounds in leaf tissues of white (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) and red horse chestnut (Aesculus carea H.) colonized by the horse chestnut leaf miner (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimić).
PubMed:Treatment of proteins with dietary polyphenols lowers the formation of AGEs and AGE-induced toxicity.
PubMed:Effects of dark chocolate consumption on the prothrombotic response to acute psychosocial stress in healthy men.
PubMed:MEDITERRANEAN WAY OF DRINKING AND LONGEVITY.
PubMed:Determination of catechin content in representative Chinese tea germplasms.
PubMed:Inhibition profile of a series of phenolic acids on bovine lactoperoxidase enzyme.
PubMed:Phytochemical analysis of ten varieties of pawpaw (Asimina triloba [L.] Dunal) fruit pulp.
PubMed:Antioxidant and cytoprotective properties of partridgeberry polyphenols.
PubMed:Experimental and theoretical binding affinity between polyvinylpolypyrrolidone and selected phenolic compounds from food matrices.
PubMed:Flavonoids and phenolic acids from cranberry juice are bioavailable and bioactive in healthy older adults.
PubMed:Pectin plays an important role on the kinetics properties of polyphenol oxidase from honeydew peach.
PubMed:Degradation of (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 in aqueous and lipidic model systems. first evidence of "chemical" flavan-3-ol oligomers in processed cocoa.
PubMed:Assessment of extraction parameters on antioxidant capacity, polyphenol content, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), epicatechin gallate (ECG) and iriflophenone 3-C-β-glucoside of agarwood (Aquilaria crassna) young leaves.
PubMed:Depolymerisation optimisation of cranberry procyanidins and transport of resultant oligomers on monolayers of human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells.
PubMed:Protective effects of clovamide against H2O2-induced stress in rat cardiomyoblasts H9c2 cell line.
PubMed:A grape seed extract increases active glucagon-like peptide-1 levels after an oral glucose load in rats.
PubMed:Theobromine enhances absorption of cacao polyphenol in rats.
PubMed:Apple polyphenol extracts protect against aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats.
PubMed:Investigation of processes in black tea manufacture through model fermentation (oxidation) experiments.
PubMed:Microbial catabolism of procyanidins by human gut microbiota.
PubMed:Phenolic profile, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of black (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) and white (Tuber magnatum Pico) truffles.
PubMed:Psidium cattleianum fruit extracts are efficient in vitro scavengers of physiologically relevant reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
PubMed:Variation in the bioactive compound content at three ripening stages of strawberry fruit.
PubMed:Separation and characterization of phenolic compounds from dry-blanched peanut skins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:A preliminary characterization of Aglianico (Vitis vinifera L. cv.) grape proanthocyanidins and evaluation of their reactivity towards salivary proteins.
PubMed:Quantitative analysis of major constituents in green tea with different plucking periods and their antioxidant activity.
PubMed:Treatment of mitochondrial disorders: antioxidants and beyond.
PubMed:Molecular interactions between caffeine and catechins in green tea.
PubMed:Semisynthetic preparation and isolation of dimeric procyanidins B1-B8 from roasted hazelnut skins (Corylus avellana L.) on a large scale using countercurrent chromatography.
PubMed:Flavonols and flavan-3-ols as modulators of xanthine oxidase and manganese superoxide dismutase activity.
PubMed:Protective effects of polyphenols-enriched extract from Huangshan Maofeng green tea against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice.
PubMed:Protective effects of Drynaria fortunei against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced oxidative damage in B35 cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway.
PubMed:In vitro and in silico studies to explore structural features of flavonoids for aldehyde oxidase inhibition.
PubMed:Consumption of both low and high (-)-epicatechin apple puree attenuates platelet reactivity and increases plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites: a randomized controlled trial.
PubMed:Bioactivity evaluation of ingredients identified from the fruits of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, a Chinese spice.
PubMed:Green tea and anticancer perspectives: updates from last decade.
PubMed:Radical scavenging of white tea and its flavonoid constituents by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy.
PubMed:Biochemical characterization of Aspergillus oryzae native tannase and the recombinant enzyme expressed in Pichia pastoris.
PubMed:Identification of epicatechin as one of the key bioactive constituents of polyphenol-enriched extracts that demonstrate an anti-allergic effect in a murine model of food allergy.
PubMed:Effects of (-)Epicatechin on the Pathology of APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice.
PubMed:Ionic liquid-based one-step micellar extraction of multiclass polar compounds from hawthorn fruits by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Phenolic compounds, organic acids and antioxidant activity of grape juices produced from new Brazilian varieties planted in the Northeast Region of Brazil.
PubMed:Nitrogen dioxide absorbance capacity of flavanols quantified by a NO₂-selective fluorescent probe.
PubMed:Method for the determination of catechin and epicatechin enantiomers in cocoa-based ingredients and products by high-performance liquid chromatography: First Action 2013.04.
PubMed:Impact of condensed tannin size as individual and mixed polymers on bovine serum albumin precipitation.
PubMed:Effects of water availability and pest pressures on tea (Camellia sinensis) growth and functional quality.
PubMed:Red wine tannins fluidify and precipitate lipid liposomes and bicelles. A role for lipids in wine tasting?
PubMed:Effects of chemopreventive natural products on non-homologous end-joining DNA double-strand break repair.
PubMed:Urinary metabolite profiling identifies novel colonic metabolites and conjugates of phenolics in healthy volunteers.
PubMed:Structural elucidation and cellular antioxidant activity evaluation of major antioxidant phenolics in lychee pulp.
PubMed:Determination of polyphenolic compounds of red wines by UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy and chemometrics tools.
PubMed:6-methoxyflavanones as bitter taste receptor blockers for hTAS2R39.
PubMed:Interaction of flavanols with amino acids: postoxidative reactivity of the B-ring of catechin with glycine.
PubMed:Uptake and metabolism of (-)-epicatechin in endothelial cells.
PubMed:Inhibition of xanthine oxidase by Rhodiola crenulata extracts and their phytochemicals.
PubMed:Essential Structural Requirements and Additive Effects for Flavonoids to Scavenge Methylglyoxal.
PubMed:Isolation and purification of condensed tannins from flamboyant tree and their antioxidant and antityrosinase activities.
PubMed:Nutraceutical value of yellow- and red-fleshed South African plums (Prunus salicina Lindl.): evaluation of total antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition.
PubMed:Evolution of polyphenols and organic acids during the fermentation of apple cider.
PubMed:Transcripts of anthocyanidin reductase and leucoanthocyanidin reductase and measurement of catechin and epicatechin in tartary buckwheat.
PubMed:Antioxidant and anti-lipid peroxidation activities of Tamarindus indica seed coat in human fibroblast cells.
PubMed:Cocoa phytochemicals: recent advances in molecular mechanisms on health.
PubMed:Anti-proliferative effects of quercetin and catechin metabolites.
PubMed:Comparison of drip, pipe and surge spring root irrigation for Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) fruit quality in the Loess plateau of China.
PubMed:Epicatechin attenuates atherosclerosis and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on diet-induced human-CRP and NFκB in vivo.
PubMed:NMR-based metabolomic investigation of bioactivity of chemical constituents in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) fruit extracts.
PubMed:Effects of (-)-epicatechin on a diet-induced rat model of cardiometabolic risk factors.
PubMed:Antioxidant-rich phytochemicals in miracle berry (Synsepalum dulcificum) and antioxidant activity of its extracts.
PubMed:Potential α-glucosidase inhibitors from thermal transformation of (+)-catechin.
PubMed:Identification and biological evaluation of flavonoids from the fruits of Prunus mume.
PubMed:Activity-guided isolation of antioxidants from the leaves of Terminalia arjuna.
PubMed:The role of green tea extract and powder in mitigating metabolic syndromes with special reference to hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia.
PubMed:Antioxidant and antiglycation activity of selected dietary polyphenols in a cookie model.
PubMed:Acute effects of an oral supplement of (-)-epicatechin on postprandial fat and carbohydrate metabolism in normal and overweight subjects.
PubMed:Flavonoids from the pericarps of Litchi chinensis.
PubMed:Loss of sulfur dioxide and changes in some chemical properties of Malatya apricots (Prunus armeniaca L.) during sulfuring and drying.
PubMed:Effects of season and plantation on phenolic content of unfermented and fermented Sri Lankan tea.
PubMed:Chemical composition and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of peels and flesh from 10 different pear varieties (Pyrus spp.).
PubMed:Antioxidant activity and detection of (-)epicatechin in the methanolic extract of stem of Tinospora cordifolia.
PubMed:Flavanol metabolites reduce monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells through modulation of expression of genes via p38-MAPK and p65-Nf-kB pathways.
PubMed:Structural characteristics that determine the inhibitory role of phenolic compounds on 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) formation.
PubMed:Preparation and characterisation of peanut seed skin polyphenols.
PubMed:Inhibitory effects of wild blueberry anthocyanins and other flavonoids on biomarkers of acute and chronic inflammation in vitro.
PubMed:Profile and antioxidant activity of phenolic extracts from 10 crabapples (Malus wild species).
PubMed:Evidence for copigmentation interactions between deoxyanthocyanidin derivatives (oaklins) and common copigments in wine model solutions.
PubMed:Suppressive effects of cacao polyphenols on the development of atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
PubMed:Encapsulation of catechin and epicatechin on BSA NPS improved their stability and antioxidant potential.
PubMed:Changes in antioxidant activity during the ripening of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk).
PubMed:Estimation of tea catechin levels using micellar electrokinetic chromatography: a quantitative approach.
PubMed:Development of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for analysis of polyphenolic compounds in liquid samples of grape juice, green tea and coffee.
PubMed:Dietary flavonoids from modified apple reduce inflammation markers and modulate gut microbiota in mice.
PubMed:Evolution of microbiological and chemical parameters during red wine making with extended post-fermentation maceration.
PubMed:Nonanthocyanin secondary metabolites of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.) fruits: identification by HPLC-DAD, NMR, HPLC-ESI-MS, and ESI-MS/MS analyses.
PubMed:Cocoa flavonoids attenuate high glucose-induced insulin signalling blockade and modulate glucose uptake and production in human HepG2 cells.
PubMed:Secondary metabolites in durian seeds: oligomeric proanthocyanidins.
PubMed:Effect of wine pH and bottle closure on tannins.
PubMed:Investigating the transport dynamics of anthocyanins from unprocessed fruit and processed fruit juice from sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) across intestinal epithelial cells.
PubMed:Epicatechin and epigallocatechin gallate inhibit formation of intermediary radicals during heating of lysine and glucose.
PubMed:Kinetic study of aroxyl radical scavenging and α-tocopheroxyl regeneration rates of pyrroloquinolinequinol (PQQH2, a reduced form of pyrroloquinolinequinone) in dimethyl sulfoxide solution: finding of synergistic effect on the reaction rate due to the coexistence of α-tocopherol and PQQH2.
PubMed:Human studies on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of tea polyphenols.
PubMed:Identification of phenolic compounds in plum fruits (Prunus salicina L. and Prunus domestica L.) by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and characterization of varieties by quantitative phenolic fingerprints.
PubMed:Cocoa flavonoid epicatechin protects pancreatic beta cell viability and function against oxidative stress.
PubMed:Polyphenolic compounds in date fruit seed (Phoenix dactylifera): characterisation and quantification by using UPLC-DAD-ESI-MS.
PubMed:Intakes of total and individual flavonoids by US adults.
PubMed:Effects of certain polyphenols and extracts on furans and acrylamide formation in model system, and total furans during storage.
PubMed:Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of onion peel extract on lipopolysaccharide stimulated human colon carcinoma cells.
PubMed:Polyphenols and triterpenes from Chaenomeles fruits: chemical analysis and antioxidant activities assessment.
PubMed:Antioxidant properties and polyphenolic compositions of fruits from different European cranberrybush (Viburnum opulus L.) genotypes.
PubMed:Temperature influences epimerization and composition of flavanol monomers, dimers and trimers during cocoa bean roasting.
PubMed:Impacts of selected dietary polyphenols on caramelization in model systems.
PubMed:Effect of growing zone and vintage on the prediction of extractable flavanols in winegrape seeds by a FT-NIR method.
PubMed:Structures and antioxidant and intestinal disaccharidase inhibitory activities of A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skin.
PubMed:Distribution and quantification of flavan-3-ols and procyanidins with low degree of polymerization in nuts, cereals, and legumes.
PubMed:Use of instrumental acoustic parameters of winegrape seeds as possible predictors of extractable phenolic compounds.
PubMed:Estimated dietary intakes and sources of flavanols in the German population (German National Nutrition Survey II).
PubMed:Interaction of characteristic structural elements of persimmon tannin with Chinese cobra PLA2.
PubMed:Transepithelial permeability studies of flavan-3-ol-C-glucosides and procyanidin dimers and trimers across the Caco-2 cell monolayer.
PubMed:Flavan-3-ol-cysteine and acetylcysteine conjugates from edible reagents and the stems of Cynomorium songaricum as potent antioxidants.
PubMed:Characterisation of proanthocyanidins from black soybeans: isolation and characterisation of proanthocyanidin oligomers from black soybean seed coats.
PubMed:Profiling of phenolic compounds from different apple varieties using comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Sonication enhances polyphenolic compounds, sugars, carotenoids and mineral elements of apple juice.
PubMed:Structural features of copigmentation of oenin with different polyphenol copigments.
PubMed:Inhibitory effect of catechin-related compounds on renin activity.
PubMed:Anxiolytic property of Lactuca sativa, effect on anxiety behaviour induced by novel food and height.
PubMed:Depolymerization of cranberry procyanidins using (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate as chain breakers.
PubMed:Development of a cell-based antioxidant activity assay using dietary fatty acid as oxidative stressor.
PubMed:Tannase-converted green tea catechins and their anti-wrinkle activity in humans.
PubMed:Antibacterial activities of almond skins on cagA-positive and-negative clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori.
PubMed:Cardioprotective effects of cocoa: clinical evidence from randomized clinical intervention trials in humans.
PubMed:Cocoa and human health.
PubMed:Biochemical composition, antimicrobial activities,and anti-quorum-sensing activities of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts from Hypericum connatum Lam. (Guttiferae).
PubMed:Epicatechin regulation of mitochondrial structure and function is opioid receptor dependent.
PubMed:Catabolism of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin by rat intestinal microbiota.
PubMed:α-Amylase inhibitory activity from nut seed skin polyphenols. 1. Purification and characterization of almond seed skin polyphenols.
PubMed:Bioavailability of epicatechin and effects on nitric oxide metabolites of an apple flavanol-rich extract supplemented beverage compared to a whole apple puree: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial.
PubMed:Epicatechin gallate impairs colon cancer cell metabolic productivity.
PubMed:Dose-response plasma appearance of green tea catechins in adults.
PubMed:Protective effect of grape by-product-fortified breads against cholesterol/cholic acid diet-induced hypercholesterolaemia in rats.
PubMed:The impact of catechin and epicatechin, total phenols and PPO activity on the Mal d 1 content in apple fruit.
PubMed:Dietary flavonol epicatechin prevents the onset of type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice.
PubMed:Effect of flavonoid structure on the fluidity of model lipid membranes.
PubMed:Monitoring green leaf tea quality parameters of different TV clones grown in northeast India using satellite data.
PubMed:Green tea formulations with vitamin C and xylitol on enhanced intestinal transport of green tea catechins.
PubMed:Elucidating phytochemical production in Juniperus sp.: seasonality and response to stress situations.
PubMed:Anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins from blueberry-blackberry fermented beverages inhibit markers of inflammation in macrophages and carbohydrate-utilizing enzymes in vitro.
PubMed:Correlation between changes in polyphenol composition of peels and incidence of CO₂ skin burning of 'Cameo' apples as influenced by controlled atmosphere storage.
PubMed:Separation of polyphenols and arecoline from areca nut (Areca catechu L.) by solvent extraction, its antioxidant activity, and identification of polyphenols.
PubMed:Evaluation of the quality of Chinese and Vietnamese cassia using LC-MS and multivariate analysis.
PubMed:Reduction of ferrylmyoglobin by theanine and green tea catechins. Importance of specific Acid catalysis.
PubMed:Polyphenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) varieties.
PubMed:Antioxidant activity and HPLC analysis of polyphenol-enriched extracts from industrial apple pomace.
PubMed:Evaluation of antioxidant activity and characterization of phenolic constituents of Phyllanthus amarus root.
PubMed:Cocoa flavonoids improve insulin signalling and modulate glucose production via AKT and AMPK in HepG2 cells.
PubMed:Analysis of some selected catechins and caffeine in green tea by high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Effect of electrolyzed reduced water on chiral theanine and polyphenols in tea.
PubMed:Flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity of Theobroma grandiflorum (Cupuassu) pulp and seeds.
PubMed:Naturally occurring flavonoids against human norovirus surrogates.
PubMed:Absorption and urinary excretion of A-type procyanidin oligomers from Litchi chinensis pericarp in rats by selected ion monitoring liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Modelling the interactions between free phenols, L-ascorbic acid, apple polyphenoloxidase and oxygen during a thermal treatment.
PubMed:Compositional and sensory characterization of red wine polymers.
PubMed:Polyphenolics composition of the leaves of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim. grown in Hebei, China, and their radical scavenging activities.
PubMed:Detailed polyphenol and tannin composition and its variability in Tunisian dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) at different maturity stages.
PubMed:Effect of pyrogallol on the physiology and biochemistry of litchi fruit during storage.
PubMed:Phenolic profile and antioxidant capacity of the principal apples produced in Brazil.
PubMed:Diversity of cacao trees in Waslala, Nicaragua: associations between genotype spectra, product quality and yield potential.
PubMed:Interactions between pectic compounds and procyanidins are influenced by methylation degree and chain length.
PubMed:Different phenolic compounds activate distinct human bitter taste receptors.
PubMed:Cocoa flavanol metabolites activate HNF-3β, Sp1, and NFY-mediated transcription of apolipoprotein AI in human cells.
PubMed:Enzymatic improvement in the polyphenol extractability and antioxidant activity of green tea extracts.
PubMed:Sensory properties of wine tannin fractions: implications for in-mouth sensory properties.
PubMed:Protective effects of Merlot red wine extract and its major polyphenols in PC12 cells under oxidative stress conditions.
PubMed:Capsule shell material impacts the in vitro disintegration and dissolution behaviour of a green tea extract.
PubMed:(-) Epicatechin attenuates mitochondrial damage by enhancing mitochondrial multi-marker enzymes, adenosine triphosphate and lowering calcium in isoproterenol induced myocardial infarcted rats.
PubMed:Metabolomic analysis of the effect of shade treatment on the nutritional and sensory qualities of green tea.
PubMed:Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of litchi (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) fruit pericarp from different commercially available cultivars.
PubMed:Erythrocyte membrane transporters during human ageing: modulatory role of tea catechins.
PubMed:Assessment of phytochemical content in human milk during different stages of lactation.
PubMed:Scaling up of high-speed countercurrent chromatographic apparatus with three columns connected in series for rapid preparation of (-)-epicatechin.
PubMed:Profiles of phenolic compounds and purine alkaloids during the development of seeds of Theobroma cacao cv. Trinitario.
PubMed:Inhibitory mechanism of pancreatic amyloid fibril formation: formation of the complex between tea catechins and the fragment of residues 22-27.
PubMed:Phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity of litchi pulp of different cultivars cultivated in Southern China.
PubMed:Relationship between the sensory-determined astringency and the flavanolic composition of red wines.
PubMed:HPLC determination of phenolic acids, flavonoids and juglone in walnut leaves.
PubMed:Antiamnesic effects of ethyl acetate fraction from chestnut (Castanea crenata var. dulcis) inner skin on Aβ(25-35)-induced cognitive deficits in mice.
PubMed:Comparison of the affinity and selectivity of insoluble fibres and commercial proteins for wine proanthocyanidins.
PubMed:Polyphenols extracted from black tea (Camellia sinensis) residue by hot-compressed water and their inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase in vitro.
PubMed:Metabolic profiling and outer pericarp water state in Zespri, CI.GI, and Hayward kiwifruits.
PubMed:Structural identification of theaflavin trigallate and tetragallate from black tea using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Textural characteristic, antioxidant activity, sugar, organic acid, and phenolic profiles of 10 promising jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) selections.
PubMed:Antimicrobial activity and composition profile of grape (Vitis vinifera) pomace extracts obtained by supercritical fluids.
PubMed:Pre-bottling use of dehydrated waste grape skins to improve colour, phenolic and aroma composition of red wines.
PubMed:Anti-inflammatory procyanidins and triterpenes in 109 apple varieties.
PubMed:Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of quercetin-related flavonoids and tea catechins on the monoamine oxidase-A reaction in mouse brain mitochondria.
PubMed:Relative impact of flavonoid composition, dose and structure on vascular function: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials of flavonoid-rich food products.
PubMed:Measurement of the influence of flavonoids on DNA repair kinetics using the comet assay.
PubMed:Interactions of different polyphenols with bovine serum albumin using fluorescence quenching and molecular docking.
PubMed:Evaluation of cardiovascular protective effect of different apple varieties - Correlation of response with composition.
PubMed:Green tea extract as food antioxidant. Synergism and antagonism with α-tocopherol in vegetable oils and their colloidal systems.
PubMed:Role of catechins in the antioxidant capacity of an active film containing green tea, green coffee, and grapefruit extracts.
PubMed:Effect of drying of jujubes ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) on the contents of sugars, organic acids, α-tocopherol, β-carotene, and phenolic compounds.
PubMed:Development of a bioassay-coupled HPLC-SPE-ttNMR platform for identification of α-glucosidase inhibitors in apple peel (Malus ×domestica Borkh.).
PubMed:Cocoa polyphenols are absorbed in Caco-2 cell model of intestinal epithelium.
PubMed:Pharmacokinetics and blood-brain barrier penetration of (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin in rats by microdialysis sampling coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography with chemiluminescence detection.
PubMed:Potential of fruit wastes as natural resources of bioactive compounds.
PubMed:Influence of gallate and pyrogallol moieties on the intestinal absorption of (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epicatechin gallate.
PubMed:Effect of polymerization on antioxidant and xanthine oxidase inhibitory potential of sea buckthorn (H. rhamnoides) proanthocyanidins.
PubMed:Comparing procyanidins in selected Vaccinium species by UHPLC-MS(2) with regard to authenticity and health effects.
PubMed:Assessment of antibacterial properties and the active ingredient of plant extracts and its effect on the performance of crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio var. E'erqisi, Bloch).
PubMed:Inhibitory effects of water extract from longan twigs on mutation and nitric oxide production.
PubMed:Transcriptional analysis of apple fruit proanthocyanidin biosynthesis.
PubMed:Black tea polyphenols reverse epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and suppress cancer invasion and proteases in human oral cancer cells.
PubMed:Ultrasound-assisted extraction, HPLC analysis, and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from unripe apple.
PubMed:Postprandial effects of dark chocolate on portal hypertension in patients with cirrhosis: results of a phase 2, double-blind, randomized controlled trial.
PubMed:Effects of metal ions (Cu²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺) on HPLC analysis of catechins.
PubMed:Distribution of procyanidins and their metabolites in rat plasma and tissues in relation to ingestion of procyanidin-enriched or procyanidin-rich cocoa creams.
PubMed:Polyphenolic constituents of Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. and antibacterial effect of polymeric proanthocyanidin on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
PubMed:Antioxidant effect and active components of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) flower.
PubMed:Antioxidant activity and diffusion of catechin and epicatechin from antioxidant active films made of poly(L-lactic acid).
PubMed:Elucidation of (-)-epicatechin metabolites after ingestion of chocolate by healthy humans.
PubMed:Oxidative status of stressed Caenorhabditis elegans treated with epicatechin.
PubMed:Method for the determination of catechin and epicatechin enantiomers in cocoa-based ingredients and products by high-performance liquid chromatography: single-laboratory validation.
PubMed:Capability of Lactobacillus plantarum IFPL935 to catabolize flavan-3-ol compounds and complex phenolic extracts.
PubMed:Comparative Studies of Antioxidant Activities and Nutritional Constituents of Persimmon Juice (Diospyros kaki L. cv. Gapjubaekmok).
PubMed:Engineering the production of major catechins by Escherichia coli carrying metabolite genes of Camellia sinensis.
PubMed:Improvement of Cencibel red wines by oxygen addition after malolactic fermentation: study on color-related phenolics, volatile composition, and sensory characteristics.
PubMed:Effects of severity of post-flowering leaf removal on berry growth and composition of three red Vitis vinifera L. cultivars grown under semiarid conditions.
PubMed:Safety evaluation of Evesse EPC, an apple polyphenol extract rich in flavan-3-ols.
PubMed:Epicatechin ingested via cocoa products reduces blood pressure in humans: a nonlinear regression model with a Bayesian approach.
PubMed:Protection by flavanol-rich foods against vascular dysfunction and oxidative damage: 27th Hohenheim Consensus Conference.
PubMed:EGCG suppresses prostate cancer cell growth modulating acetylation of androgen receptor by anti-histone acetyltransferase activity.
PubMed:Composition and health effects of phenolic compounds in hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) of different origins.
PubMed:Grape epicatechin conjugates prevent erythrocyte membrane protein oxidation.
PubMed:Identifying new lignin bioengineering targets: impact of epicatechin, quercetin glycoside, and gallate derivatives on the lignification and fermentation of maize cell walls.
PubMed:Structural annotation and elucidation of conjugated phenolic compounds in black, green, and white tea extracts.
PubMed:Prevention mechanisms of glucose intolerance and obesity by cacao liquor procyanidin extract in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice.
PubMed:Epicatechin: endothelial function and blood pressure.
PubMed:(-)-Epicatechin prevents TNFα-induced activation of signaling cascades involved in inflammation and insulin sensitivity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
PubMed:Characterization of sulfated quercetin and epicatechin metabolites.
PubMed:A profile of bioactive compounds of Rumex vesicarius L.
PubMed:Influence of heating on the polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity of grape seed flour.
PubMed:Composition of flavonoids and phenolic acids in lychee (Litchi Chinensis Sonn.) Flower extracts and their antioxidant capacities estimated with human LDL, erythrocyte, and blood models.
PubMed:Changes of polyphenols, sugars, and organic acid in 5 Vitis genotypes during berry ripening.
PubMed:Influence of sugar type on the bioavailability of cocoa flavanols.
PubMed:Alterations in skeletal muscle indicators of mitochondrial structure and biogenesis in patients with type 2 diabetes and heart failure: effects of epicatechin rich cocoa.
PubMed:Comprehensive colorimetric study of anthocyanic copigmentation in model solutions. Effects of pH and molar ratio.
PubMed:Human O-sulfated metabolites of (-)-epicatechin and methyl-(-)-epicatechin are poor substrates for commercial aryl-sulfatases: implications for studies concerned with quantifying epicatechin bioavailability.
PubMed:Oxidation of phenolic compounds by the bifunctional catalase-phenol oxidase (CATPO) from Scytalidium thermophilum.
PubMed:Simultaneous ingestion of dietary proteins reduces the bioavailability of galloylated catechins from green tea in humans.
PubMed:Interaction of tea polyphenols and food constituents with model gut epithelia: the protective role of the mucus gel layer.
PubMed:Two-photon excitation with pico-second fluorescence lifetime imaging to detect nuclear association of flavanols.
PubMed:Selective determination of catechin among phenolic antioxidants with the use of a novel optical fiber reflectance sensor based on indophenol dye formation on nano-sized TiO₂.
PubMed:Epicatechin-3-O-(3″-O-methyl)-gallate content in various tea cultivars (Camellia sinensis L.) and its in vitro inhibitory effect on histamine release.
PubMed:Characterization of critical physical and mechanical properties of freeze-dried grape powder for development of a clinical patient delivery system.
PubMed:Identification of adducts between an odoriferous volatile thiol and oxidized grape phenolic compounds: kinetic study of adduct formation under chemical and enzymatic oxidation conditions.
PubMed:Flavonoids, a ubiquitous dietary phenolic subclass, exert extensive in vitro anti-invasive and in vivo anti-metastatic activities.
PubMed:QTL and candidate gene mapping for polyphenolic composition in apple fruit.
PubMed:Transport of cranberry A-type procyanidin dimers, trimers, and tetramers across monolayers of human intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells.
PubMed:Bioactive polyphenols in leaves, stems, and berries of Saskatoon (Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt.) cultivars.
PubMed:Cacao liquor procyanidin extract improves glucose tolerance by enhancing GLUT4 translocation and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.
PubMed:Suppression of free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance by phytopolyphenols in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells.
PubMed:Characterisation of anthocyanidin reductase from Shuchazao green tea.
PubMed:A polyphenol-enriched cocoa extract reduces free radicals produced by mycotoxins.
PubMed:Free-radical scavenging properties and reducing power of grape cane extracts from 11 selected grape cultivars widely grown in China.
PubMed:A new catechin oxidation product and polymeric polyphenols of post-fermented tea.
PubMed:Identification of two anthocyanidin reductase genes and three red-brown soybean accessions with reduced anthocyanidin reductase 1 mRNA, activity, and seed coat proanthocyanidin amounts.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of seven bioactive components in Oolong tea Camellia sinensis: quality control by chemical composition and HPLC fingerprints.
PubMed:Detailed characterization of proanthocyanidins in skin, seeds, and wine of Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon wine grapes (Vitis vinifera).
PubMed:Proanthocyanidin-rich extracts from cranberry fruit (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) selectively inhibit the growth of human pathogenic fungi Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans.
PubMed:Characterization of a highly polymeric proanthocyanidin fraction from persimmon pulp with strong Chinese cobra PLA2 inhibition effects.
PubMed:Chemical compositions and antioxidant activities of water extracts of Chinese propolis.
PubMed:β-carotene radical cation addition to green tea polyphenols. Mechanism of antioxidant antagonism in peroxidizing liposomes.
PubMed:An in vitro hyperbaric oxygen system for evaluation of free radical damage and protection by catechins on hemorheological parameters.
PubMed:Effect of drying of figs (Ficus carica L.) on the contents of sugars, organic acids, and phenolic compounds.
PubMed:The inhibiting activity of areca inflorescence extracts on human low density lipoprotein oxidation induced by cupric ion.
PubMed:Fatty acid composition, oxidative stability, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of selected cold-pressed grape seed oils and flours.
PubMed:Phenolic compounds in hawthorn (Crataegus grayana) fruits and leaves and changes during fruit ripening.
PubMed:Metabolic dependence of green tea on plucking positions revisited: a metabolomic study.
PubMed:Distribution of procyanidins and their metabolites in rat plasma and tissues after an acute intake of hazelnut extract.
PubMed:Neuroprotective properties of Spanish red wine and its isolated polyphenols on astrocytes.
PubMed:Analysis of Flavan-3-ols and procyanidins in food samples by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-ESI-MS/MS).
PubMed:Use of mass spectrometry fingerprinting to identify urinary metabolites after consumption of specific foods.
PubMed:Effect of grape polyphenols on lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria growth: resistance and metabolism.
PubMed:Catechin-rich grape seed extract supplementation attenuates diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice.
 
Notes:
Widespread flavanol found in a variety of foodstuffs esp. apples, apricots, blackberries, broad beans, cherries, chocolate, grapes, raspberries, red wine, strawberries and tea (-)-Epicatechin or Epicatechin is one of the 4 catechin diastereoisomers.
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