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benfotiamine
S-(2-(N-((4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)formamido)-5-(phosphonooxy)pent-2-en-3-yl)benzothioate

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Name:S-[(Z)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-phosphonooxypent-2-en-3-yl] benzenecarbothioate
CAS Number: 22457-89-2Picture of molecule3D/inchi
FDA UNII: Y92OUS2H9B
Beilstein Number:0771326
MDL:MFCD00057343
XlogP3-AA:0.50 (est)
Molecular Weight:466.45427200
Formula:C19 H23 N4 O6 P S
BioActivity Summary:listing
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:nutrient supplements, EFSA concludes: use is of safety concern.
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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NCBI:Search
 
Physical Properties:
Appearance:white crystalline powder (est)
Assay: 98.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Boiling Point: 745.00 to 746.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg (est)
Flash Point: 760.00 °F. TCC ( 404.40 °C. ) (est)
logP (o/w): -2.814 (est)
Soluble in:
 alcohol
 water, 134.8 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Insoluble in:
 water
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
American International Chemical, LLC.
Benfotiamine
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Benfotiamine >98%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Benfotiamine is an amphiphilic S-acyl thiamine derivative used as a lipid soluble alternative source of bioavailable thiamine. Benfotiamine is being investigated in a variety of therapeutic applications.
Capot Chemical
Benfotiamine
Glentham Life Sciences
Benfotamine
Jiangyin Healthway
Benfotiamine
New functional food ingredients
Prinova
Benfotiamine
Santa Cruz Biotechnology
For experimental / research use only.
BENFOTIAMINE ≥99%
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
S-Benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-mouse LD50 15000 mg/kg
Drugs in Japan Vol. 6, Pg. 781, 1982.

intravenous-mouse LD50 2200 mg/kg
"Modern Pharmaceuticals of Japan, III," Tokyo, Japan Pharmaceutical, Medical and Dental Suppl Exporters' Assoc., 1968Vol. -, Pg. 78, 1968.

Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
nutrient supplements, EFSA concludes: use is of safety concern.
Recommendation for benfotiamine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for benfotiamine flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Benfotiamine, thiamine monophosphate chloride and thiamine pyrophosphate chloride, as sources of vitamin B1 added for nutritional purposes to food supplements - Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS)
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
ClinicalTrials.gov:search
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :3032771
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
S-[(Z)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-phosphonooxypent-2-en-3-yl] benzenecarbothioate
Chemidplus:0022457892
 
References:
 S-[(Z)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-phosphonooxypent-2-en-3-yl] benzenecarbothioate
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):3032771
Pubchem (sid):134995296
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):D01255
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):HMDB31758
FooDB:FDB008429
FDA Listing of Food Additive Status:View
VCF-Online:VCF Volatile Compounds in Food
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 chive plant
Search Trop Picture
 garlic bulb
Search Trop Picture
 garlic heated garlic
Search Trop Picture
 leek wild leek plant
Search Trop Picture
 
Synonyms:
 allithiamine
S-[(Z)-2-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl-formylamino]-5-phosphonooxypent-2-en-3-yl] benzenecarbothioate
S-(2-(N-((4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)formamido)-5-(phosphonooxy)pent-2-en-3-yl)benzothioate
S-[(2Z)-2-{[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl](formyl)amino}-5-(phosphonooxy)pent-2-en-3-yl] benzenecarbothioate
(3Z)-4-{N-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]carbonylamino}-3-(phenylcarbonylthio)pent-3-enyl dihydrogen phosphate
 benphothiamine
 benzenecarbothioic acid, S-[(1Z)-2-[[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]formylamino]-1-[2-(phosphonooxy)ethyl]-1-propen-1-yl] ester
 benzoic acid, thio-, S-ester with N-((4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl)-N-(4-hydroxy-2-mercapto-1-methyl-1-butenyl)formamide dihydrogen phosphate (ester)
 benzoylthiamine monophosphate
S-benzoylthiamine monophosphate
 benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate
S-benzoylthiamine O-monophosphate
 benzoylthiaminmonophosphate
 bietamine
 biotamin
 BTMP
6-(2-methyl-6-amino-5-pyrimidinyl)-5-aza-5-formyl-4-methyl-3-benzoylthio-3-hexenyl phosphate
 neurostop
 nitanevril
 tabiomyl
 thiamine monophosphate benzoyl
 vitanevril
 

Articles:

PubMed:Pharmacokinetic study of benfotiamine and the bioavailability assessment compared to thiamine hydrochloride.
PubMed:A novel spectral resolution and simultaneous determination of multicomponent mixture of Vitamins B1, B6, B12, Benfotiamine and Diclofenac in tablets and capsules by derivative and MCR-ALS.
PubMed:The effect of benfotiamine on mu-opioid receptor mediated antinociception in experimental diabetes.
PubMed:Benfotiamine upregulates antioxidative system in activated BV-2 microglia cells.
PubMed:Effect of benfotiamine in podocyte damage induced by peritoneal dialysis fluid.
PubMed:Paraptosis cell death induction by the thiamine analog benfotiamine in leukemia cells.
PubMed:Benfotiamine attenuates inflammatory response in LPS stimulated BV-2 microglia.
PubMed:A randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial of 6 weeks benfotiamine treatment on postprandial vascular function and variables of autonomic nerve function in Type 2 diabetes.
PubMed:Benfotiamine enhances antioxidant defenses and protects against cisplatin-induced DNA damage in nephrotoxic rats.
PubMed:Double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of benfotiamine for severe alcohol dependence.
PubMed:Variability of skin autofluorescence measurement over 6 and 12 weeks and the influence of benfotiamine treatment.
PubMed:Liver, plasma and erythrocyte levels of thiamine and its phosphate esters in rats with acute ethanol intoxication: a comparison of thiamine and benfotiamine administration.
PubMed:Benfotiamine prevents increased β-amyloid production in HEK cells induced by high glucose.
PubMed:Change in psychiatric symptomatology after benfotiamine treatment in males is related to lifetime alcoholism severity.
PubMed:Anti-inflammatory effects of benfotiamine are mediated through the regulation of the arachidonic acid pathway in macrophages.
PubMed:Annexin V imaging detects diabetes-accelerated apoptosis and monitors the efficacy of benfotiamine treatment in ischemic limbs of mice.
PubMed:Benfotiamine increases glucose oxidation and downregulates NADPH oxidase 4 expression in cultured human myotubes exposed to both normal and high glucose concentrations.
PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of the transdermal delivery of benfotiamine.
PubMed:The effects of long-term oral benfotiamine supplementation on peripheral nerve function and inflammatory markers in patients with type 1 diabetes: a 24-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
PubMed:Antiglycation activity of thiamin-HCl and benfotiamine in diabetic condition.
PubMed:Effect of benfotiamine on advanced glycation endproducts and markers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in diabetic nephropathy.
PubMed:[The effect of long-chain polyunsaturated higher ω-3 fatty acids, benfotiamine and α-lipoic acid on the lipid metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy].
PubMed:Benfotiamine protects against peritoneal and kidney damage in peritoneal dialysis.
PubMed:Benfotiamine counteracts smoking-induced vascular dysfunction in healthy smokers.
PubMed:Solubility enhancement of benfotiamine, a lipid derivative of thiamine by solid dispersion technique.
PubMed:Preventive effects of benfotiamine in chronic diabetic complications.
PubMed:Prostatic acid phosphatase is required for the antinociceptive effects of thiamine and benfotiamine.
PubMed:Powerful beneficial effects of benfotiamine on cognitive impairment and beta-amyloid deposition in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin-1 transgenic mice.
PubMed:The multifaceted therapeutic potential of benfotiamine.
PubMed:The defensive effect of benfotiamine in sodium arsenite-induced experimental vascular endothelial dysfunction.
PubMed:A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial on benfotiamine treatment in patients with diabetic nephropathy.
PubMed:Increased protein damage in renal glomeruli, retina, nerve, plasma and urine and its prevention by thiamine and benfotiamine therapy in a rat model of diabetes.
PubMed:PP2A contributes to endothelial death in high glucose: inhibition by benfotiamine.
PubMed:Protective role of benfotiamine, a fat-soluble vitamin B1 analogue, in lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxic signals in murine macrophages.
PubMed:Comment on: Fraser et al. The effects of long-term oral benfotiamine supplementation on peripheral nerve function and inflammatory markers in patients with type 1 diabetes: a 24-month, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1095-1097.
PubMed:Benfotiamine improves functional recovery of the infarcted heart via activation of pro-survival G6PD/Akt signaling pathway and modulation of neurohormonal response.
PubMed:Prevention of endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats by benfotiamine, a lipophilic analogue of vitamin B1.
PubMed:Human pericyte-endothelial cell interactions in co-culture models mimicking the diabetic retinal microvascular environment.
PubMed:Thiamine and benfotiamine prevent apoptosis induced by high glucose-conditioned extracellular matrix in human retinal pericytes.
PubMed:Vitamin B1 analog benfotiamine prevents diabetes-induced diastolic dysfunction and heart failure through Akt/Pim-1-mediated survival pathway.
PubMed:Pharmacologic Approaches Against Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) in Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease.
PubMed:Detection of transketolase in bone marrow-derived insulin-producing cells: benfotiamine enhances insulin synthesis and glucose metabolism.
PubMed:Benfotiamine, a synthetic S-acyl thiamine derivative, has different mechanisms of action and a different pharmacological profile than lipid-soluble thiamine disulfide derivatives.
PubMed:Benfotiamine exhibits direct antioxidative capacity and prevents induction of DNA damage in vitro.
PubMed:Benfotiamine accelerates the healing of ischaemic diabetic limbs in mice through protein kinase B/Akt-mediated potentiation of angiogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis.
PubMed:Antinociceptive interaction between benfotiamine and resveratrol in capsaicin-induced licking.
PubMed:Ameliorative effect of combination of benfotiamine and fenofibrate in diabetes-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and nephropathy in the rat.
PubMed:Benfotiamine prevents macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress following a meal rich in advanced glycation end products in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
PubMed:Benfotiamine in the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy--a three-week randomized, controlled pilot study (BEDIP study).
PubMed:Effectiveness of different benfotiamine dosage regimens in the treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.
PubMed:Synergistic antiallodynic interaction between gabapentin or carbamazepine and either benfotiamine or cyanocobalamin in neuropathic rats.
PubMed:Benfotiamine in diabetic polyneuropathy (BENDIP): results of a randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical study.
PubMed:Thiamine and benfotiamine prevent increased apoptosis in endothelial cells and pericytes cultured in high glucose.
PubMed:Benfotiamine is similar to thiamine in correcting endothelial cell defects induced by high glucose.
PubMed:Pharmacokinetics of thiamine derivatives especially of benfotiamine.
PubMed:High-dose benfotiamine rescues cardiomyocyte contractile dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.
PubMed:Efficacy of benfotiamine versus thiamine on function and glycation products of peripheral nerves in diabetic rats.
PubMed:Benfotiamine reduces genomic damage in peripheral lymphocytes of hemodialysis patients.
PubMed:Benfotiamine relieves inflammatory and neuropathic pain in rats.
PubMed:Prevention of incipient diabetic nephropathy by high-dose thiamine and benfotiamine.
PubMed:Benfotiamine in treatment of alcoholic polyneuropathy: an 8-week randomized controlled study (BAP I Study).
PubMed:Regulation of intracellular glucose and polyol pathway by thiamine and benfotiamine in vascular cells cultured in high glucose.
PubMed:Benfotiamine alleviates diabetes-induced cerebral oxidative damage independent of advanced glycation end-product, tissue factor and TNF-alpha.
PubMed:Comparative autoradiographic investigations on the tissue distribution of benfotiamine versus thiamine in mice.
PubMed:Benfotiamine attenuates nicotine and uric acid-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction in the rat.
PubMed:Benfotiamine blocks three major pathways of hyperglycemic damage and prevents experimental diabetic retinopathy.
PubMed:Inhibition of macrophage oxidative stress prevents the reduction of ABCA-1 transporter induced by advanced glycated albumin.
PubMed:Abnormal thiamine-dependent processes in Alzheimer's Disease. Lessons from diabetes.
PubMed:Effects of thiamine and benfotiamine on intracellular glucose metabolism and relevance in the prevention of diabetic complications.
PubMed:Bioavailability assessment of the lipophilic benfotiamine as compared to a water-soluble thiamin derivative.
PubMed:Current therapeutic interventions in the glycation pathway: evidence from clinical studies.
PubMed:Efficacy and tolerability of advanced glycation end-products inhibitor in osteoarthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
PubMed:Oral benfotiamine plus alpha-lipoic acid normalises complication-causing pathways in type 1 diabetes.
PubMed:Benfotiamine counteracts glucose toxicity effects on endothelial progenitor cell differentiation via Akt/FoxO signaling.
PubMed:A benfotiamine-vitamin B combination in treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy.
PubMed:New oral dosage form for elderly patients. II. Release behavior of benfotiamine from silk fibroin gel.
PubMed:[The immunometaboic effects of benfotiamine and riboxine on hemolytic anemia].
PubMed:Boosting the pentose phosphate pathway restores cardiac progenitor cell availability in diabetes.
PubMed:[Oral benfotiamine therapy. Thus you protect the nerves of diabetic patients].
PubMed:[Chronic alcohol abuse. Benfotiamine in alcohol damage is a must].
PubMed:Comparative bioavailability of two vitamin B1 preparations: benfotiamine and thiamine mononitrate.
PubMed:Adiponectin decreases postprandially following a heat-processed meal in individuals with type 2 diabetes: an effect prevented by benfotiamine and cooking method.
PubMed:Benfotiamine. Monograph.
PubMed:Vitamins and their derivatives in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome diseases (diabetes).
PubMed:Advanced glycation end-products inhibition improves endothelial dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis.
PubMed:[The effect of benfothiamine in the therapy of diabetic polyneuropathy].
PubMed:High thiamine diphosphate concentrations in erythrocytes can be achieved in dialysis patients by oral administration of benfontiamine.
PubMed:Detrimental effects of acute hyperglycaemia on the rat heart.
PubMed:[Pathomechanism of diabetic neuropathy: background of the pathogenesis-oriented therapy].
PubMed:[Clinical use of benphothiamine].
PubMed:[A comparative study of blood thiamine levels after injection of thiamine chlorhydrate and per os administration of Benfotiamine].
PubMed:Burning through the pain: treatments for diabetic neuropathy.
PubMed:Evidence for altered thiamine metabolism in diabetes: Is there a potential to oppose gluco- and lipotoxicity by rational supplementation?
PubMed:Different apoptotic responses of human and bovine pericytes to fluctuating glucose levels and protective role of thiamine.
PubMed:Effects of high glucose and thiamine on the balance between matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in vascular cells.
PubMed:High-dose thiamine therapy counters dyslipidemia and advanced glycation of plasma protein in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
PubMed:Vitamin B and its derivatives for diabetic kidney disease.
PubMed:Treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.
PubMed:Diabetic neuropathy and oxidative stress: therapeutic perspectives.
PubMed:The detrimental effects of acute hyperglycemia on myocardial glucose uptake.
PubMed:Thiamine deficiency induces anorexia by inhibiting hypothalamic AMPK.
PubMed:Inhibition of AGEs formation by natural products.
PubMed:Uncovering the beginning of diabetes: the cellular redox status and oxidative stress as starting players in hyperglycemic damage.
PubMed:High-throughput screening of small molecules identifies hepcidin antagonists.
PubMed:Current options and perspectives in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.
PubMed:[The immunomodulating action of energizing preparations under physical loading].
PubMed:A case of rheumatoid arthritis presenting with postherpetic neuralgia and abdominal-wall pseudohernia.
PubMed:Glucose effects on the peritoneum: what can we learn from rodent models?
PubMed:Lipid glycation and protein glycation in diabetes and atherosclerosis.
PubMed:[Neuropathy pain: tactic of treatment].
PubMed:[The role of neurotropic therapy in the treatment of acute sensorineural impairment of hearing following a viral infection].
PubMed:[A relationship between analgesic and neurotropic effects by the example of milgamma].
PubMed:[The optimization of the treatment of the vertebrogenic pain syndrome: neurotrophic treatment potentiates the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs].
PubMed:[The importance of the pharmaceutical form and the routes of administration of B-group vitamins for the efficacious treatment of neurosensorial hearing loss].
PubMed:[Prophylactic and therapeutic application of thiamine (vitamin B1)--a new point of view].
PubMed:[Medicamentous therapy of alcoholic polyneuropathy. Randomized double-blind study comparing 2 vitamin B preparations and a nucleotide preparation].
PubMed:Diabetic neuropathy: new strategies for treatment.
PubMed:Vitamin B1 blocks damage caused by hyperglycemia.
PubMed:Metabolic correction in the management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy: improving clinical results beyond symptom control.
PubMed:[Prevention of complications in diabetes mellitus. Interdisciplinary collaboration to control sequelae].
PubMed:Emerging role of thiamine therapy for prevention and treatment of early-stage diabetic nephropathy.
PubMed:Could thiamine pyrophosphate be a regulator of the nitric oxide synthesis in the endothelial cell of diabetic patients?
PubMed:Drugs for the treatment of diabetes complications. Zycose: a new player in the field?
PubMed:[Cochleovestibular disorders: approaches to diagnostics and treatment].
PubMed:[Sensorineural hearing loss: New prospects for therapy].
PubMed:Oxidative stress in diabetic kidney disease.
PubMed:Skin autofluorescence as a measure of advanced glycation endproduct deposition: a novel risk marker in chronic kidney disease.
PubMed:[Diabetic neuropathies and angiopathies. Compensating for thiamine deficiency].
PubMed:High-dose thiamine therapy counters dyslipidaemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
PubMed:[Pharmacologic therapy in peripheral diabetic polyneuropathy].
PubMed:Diabetes mellitus induces bone marrow microangiopathy.
PubMed:[The myocardial contractile function and central hemodynamics of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus during treatment].
PubMed:[Treatment of neuropathies].
PubMed:Advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) accumulation and AGE receptor (RAGE) up-regulation contribute to the onset of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
PubMed:Effectiveness and retention of thiamine and its analogs administered to steelhead and landlocked Atlantic salmon.
PubMed:New approaches for the treatment of genomic damage in end-stage renal disease.
PubMed:Vitamin B for treating peripheral neuropathy.
PubMed:The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications.
PubMed:Inhibitors of advanced glycation end product formation and neurovascular dysfunction in experimental diabetes.
PubMed:Schlafen 3, a novel gene, regulates colonic mucosal growth during aging.
PubMed:[Vitamin B complex (milgamma) in the treatment of vertebrogenic lumbosacral radiculopathy].
PubMed:[Correction of metabolic disturbances in patients with stable effort angina and metabolic syndrome].
PubMed:[Structural and functional changes of arterial vessels in patients with ischemic heart disease and metabolic syndrome].
PubMed:[Neurometabolic therapy of diabetic neuropathy].
PubMed:[Development of therapeutic agents for diabetic neuropathies].
PubMed:[Progress on the drug therapy for diabetic microangiopathies: AGE inhibitors].
PubMed:[Diabetes mellitus. Retinal lesions should not exist!].
PubMed:Bioavailability of water- and lipid-soluble thiamin compounds in broiler chickens.
PubMed:Effect of high-dosed thiamine hydrochloride and S-benzoyl-thiamine-O-monophosphate on thiamine-status after chronic ethanol administration.
PubMed:[Diabetic polyneuropathy treatment by milgamma-100 preparation].
PubMed:A 6-month-old girl with cardiomyopathy who nearly died.
PubMed:Therapeutic efficacy of "Milgamma" in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy.
PubMed:[The effectiveness of the neurotropic agents: benfotiamin combinations].
PubMed:[Physical work capacity in diabetes mellitus under treatment].
PubMed:Crystal structures of the thi-box riboswitch bound to thiamine pyrophosphate analogs reveal adaptive RNA-small molecule recognition.
PubMed:The role of AGEs and AGE inhibitors in diabetic cardiovascular disease.
PubMed:Advances in biochemical mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy.
PubMed:An open-label 52-week clinical extension comparing duloxetine with routine care in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain.
PubMed:Evaluating thiamine deficiency in patients with diabetes.
PubMed:[Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy].
PubMed:[Milgamma in the treatment of chronic neurosensory hypoacusis].
PubMed:[Treatment of neuropathies].
PubMed:[Bendotiamine efficacy in alcoholic polyneuropathy therapy].
PubMed:[Diabetic neuropathy].
PubMed:Biokinetic parameters and metabolism of S-benzoylthiamine-O-monophosphate.
PubMed:Alteration of thiamine pharmacokinetics by end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
PubMed:Comparative bioavailability of various thiamine derivatives after oral administration.
PubMed:Excretion of intracorporeal cadmium with S-benzoylthiamin monophosphate.
PubMed:[Characteristic features of 35S-benzoylthiamine monophosphate in albino mice].
PubMed:Peripheral neuropathy: pathogenic mechanisms and alternative therapies.
PubMed:Mutations in the transketolase-like gene TKTL1: clinical implications for neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and cancer.
PubMed:Accumulation of fructosyl-lysine and advanced glycation end products in the kidney, retina and peripheral nerve of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
 
Notes:
Obt. from garlic (Allium sativum). Imparts meaty flavour to foods. Has vitamin B1 activity. Investigated as a dietary supplement to enhance muscle performance in sports [DFC] Allithiamine (INN), or thiamine allyl disulfide (TAD), is a lipid-soluble form of vitamin B1 which occurs naturally in garlic. It is more bioavailable than the water-soluble form of vitamin B1, thiamine, and is the preferred form to be taken in case of a vitamin deficiency [Wikipedia]
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