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terbuthylazine
6-chloro-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N'-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (9CI)

Supplier Sponsors

CAS Number: 5915-41-3Picture of molecule3D/inchi
Other(deleted CASRN):63026-57-3
FDA UNII: M095B391J7
Nikkaji Web:J9.588E
Beilstein Number:3951137
MDL:MFCD00055513
XlogP3-AA:3.10 (est)
Molecular Weight:229.71352000
Formula:C9 H16 Cl N5
NMR Predictor:Predict (works with chrome, Edge or firefox)
Category:herbicides / pesticides
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Melting Point: 178.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg
logP (o/w): 3.210
Soluble in:
 water, 8.5 mg/L @ 20 °C (exp)
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
BOC Sciences
For experimental / research use only.
Terbuthylazine ≥95%
Odor: characteristic
Use: Terbuthylazine is a triazine herbicide. A selective herbicide.
Sigma-Aldrich: Sigma
For experimental / research use only.
Terbuthylazine PESTANAL®, analytical standard
 
Safety Information:
Preferred SDS: View
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
oral-rat LD50 1845 mg/kg
Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. Vol. 6, Pg. 60, 1973.

parenteral-rat LD50 2160 mg/kg
Defense des Vegetaux. Vol. 26, Pg. 5, 1972.

unreported-rat LD50 2500 mg/kg
"Chemistry of Pesticides," Melnikov, N.N., New York, Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 1971Vol. -, Pg. 437, 1971.

Dermal Toxicity:
skin-rabbit LD50 > 3000 mg/kg
Farm Chemicals Handbook. Vol. -, Pg. C298, 1991.

skin-rat LD50 > 3000 mg/kg
Pesticide Manual. Vol. 9, Pg. 797, 1991.

Inhalation Toxicity:
inhalation-rat LC50 > 3510 mg/m3/4H
"Agrochemicals Handbook," with updates, Hartley, D., and H. Kidd, eds., Nottingham, Royal Soc of Chemistry, 1983-86Vol. A385, Pg. 1984

 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
herbicides / pesticides
Recommendation for terbuthylazine usage levels up to:
 not for fragrance use.
 
Recommendation for terbuthylazine flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) reference(s):

Outcome of the consultation with Member States, the applicant and EFSA on the pesticide risk assessment for terbuthylazine in light of confirmatory data
View page or View pdf

Peer review of the pesticide risk assessment for the active substance terbuthylazine in light of confirmatory data submitted
View page or View pdf

Scientific Opinion on the setting of health-based reference values for metabolites of the active substance terbuthylazine
View page or View pdf

Updated peer review of the pesticide risk assessment for the active substance terbuthylazine in light of confirmatory data submitted
View page or View pdf

Review of the existing maximum residue levels for terbuthylazine according to Article 12 of Regulation (EC) No 396/2005
View page or View pdf

EPI System: View
AIDS Citations:Search
Cancer Citations:Search
Toxicology Citations:Search
EPA ACToR:Toxicology Data
EPA Substance Registry Services (SRS):Registry
Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary :22206
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases:Data
WGK Germany:2
2-N-tert-butyl-6-chloro-4-N-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
Chemidplus:0005915413
RTECS:XY4550000 for cas# 5915-41-3
 
References:
 2-N-tert-butyl-6-chloro-4-N-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
NIST Chemistry WebBook:Search Inchi
Pubchem (cid):22206
Pubchem (sid):134987459
 
Other Information:
(IUPAC):Atomic Weights of the Elements 2011 (pdf)
Videos:The Periodic Table of Videos
tgsc:Atomic Weights use for this web site
(IUPAC):Periodic Table of the Elements
CHEBI:View
CHEMBL:View
KEGG (GenomeNet):C18810
HMDB (The Human Metabolome Database):Search
ChemSpider:View
Wikipedia:View
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
None Found
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 not found in nature
 
Synonyms:
2-N-tert-butyl-6-chloro-4-N-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
N2-tert-butyl-6-chloro-N4-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
N2-tert-butyl-6-chloro-N4-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diyldiamine
2-tert-butylamino-4-chloro-6-ethylamino-1,3,5-triazine
2-tert-butylamino-4-chloro-6-ethylamino-s-triazine
2-(tert-butylamino)-4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)-s-triazine
 chlorcaragard
2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-tert-butylamino-s-triazine
6-chloro-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N'-ethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine (9CI)
 G 13529
 gardeprim A 1862
 gardoprim
 primatol M
 primatol-M80
 sorgoprim
 terbutazine
 terbutylazine
 terbutylethylazine
1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine, 6-chloro-N-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N'-ethyl-
1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine, 6-chloro-N2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-N4-ethyl-
S-triazine, 2-(tert-butylamino)-4-chloro-6-(ethylamino)- (7CI)(8CI)
 turbulethylazin
 

Articles:

PubMed:Retrospective screening of pesticide metabolites in ambient air using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Effects of terbuthylazine on early life stages of common carp.
PubMed:[Determination of five triazine herbicides in infant milk powder by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ionic liquid-based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction].
PubMed:Evaluation of Arthrobacter aurescens Strain TC1 as Bioaugmentation Bacterium in Soils Contaminated with the Herbicidal Substance Terbuthylazine.
PubMed:Evaluation of performance reference compounds (PRCs) to monitor emerging polar contaminants by polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) in rivers.
PubMed:The Use of Passive Samplers to Reveal Industrial and Agricultural Pollution Trends in Swiss Rivers.
PubMed:Exploring the potential of novel biomixtures and Lentinula edodes fungus for the degradation of selected pesticides. Evaluation for use in biobed systems.
PubMed:European sea bass gill pathology after exposure to cadmium and terbuthylazine: expert versus fractal analysis.
PubMed:Effects of the terbuthylazine metabolite terbuthylazine-desethyl on common carp embryos and larvae.
PubMed:Leaching of S-metolachlor, terbuthylazine, desethyl-terbuthylazine, mesotrione, flufenacet, isoxaflutole, and diketonitrile in field lysimeters as affected by the time elapsed between spraying and first leaching event.
PubMed:Ionic-liquid-impregnated resin for the microwave-assisted solid-liquid extraction of triazine herbicides in honey.
PubMed:A client-server software for the identification of groundwater vulnerability to pesticides at regional level.
PubMed:Aquatic risk assessment of priority and other river basin specific pesticides in surface waters of Mediterranean river basins.
PubMed:Kinetics of the heterogeneous photo oxidation of the pesticide bupirimate by OH-radicals and ozone under atmospheric conditions.
PubMed:Occurrence and potential risk of currently used pesticides in sediments of the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana Basin).
PubMed:Coupling passive sampling and time of flight mass spectrometry for a better estimation of polar pesticide freshwater contamination: Simultaneous target quantification and screening analysis.
PubMed:Effects of currently used pesticides and their mixtures on the function of thyroid hormone and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in cell culture.
PubMed:Pesticide residues in vineyard soils from Spain: Spatial and temporal distributions.
PubMed:Development of a selective sorbent for the solid-phase extraction of terbuthylazine in olive oil samples: a molecular imprinting strategy.
PubMed:Assessment of two extraction methods to determine pesticides in soils, sediments and sludges. Application to the Túria River Basin.
PubMed:Determination of triazine herbicides in fresh vegetables by dynamic microwave-assisted extraction coupled with homogeneous ionic liquid microextraction high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Filtration of triazine herbicides by polymer-clay sorbents: coupling an experimental mechanistic approach with empirical modeling.
PubMed:Oestrogenicity assessment of s-triazines by-products during ozonation.
PubMed:Development of a Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion methodology for the determination of triazine herbicides in mussels.
PubMed:Aqueous two-phase extraction for determination of triazine herbicides in milk by high-performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Effect of herbicide combinations on Bt-maize rhizobacterial diversity.
PubMed:Degradation of chlorotriazine pesticides by sulfate radicals and the influence of organic matter.
PubMed:Influence of soil biochar aging on sorption of the herbicides MCPA, nicosulfuron, terbuthylazine, indaziflam, and fluoroethyldiaminotriazine.
PubMed:Combined target and post-run target strategy for a comprehensive analysis of pesticides in ambient air using liquid chromatography-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Determination of pesticides in sunflower seeds by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a diode array detector.
PubMed:An environmentally friendly method for the determination of triazine herbicides in estuarine seawater samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction.
PubMed:Simultaneous voltammetric determination of four triazine herbicides in water samples with the aid of chemometrics.
PubMed:Impacts of agricultural irrigation on nearby freshwater ecosystems: the seasonal influence of triazine herbicides in benthic algal communities.
PubMed:Soil sorption and leaching of active ingredients of Lumax® under mineral or organic fertilization.
PubMed:Italian ryegrass for the phytoremediation of solutions polluted with terbuthylazine.
PubMed:Assessment of agro-industrial and composted organic wastes for reducing the potential leaching of triazine herbicide residues through the soil.
PubMed:Development of a procedure for the multiresidue analysis of pesticides in vineyard soils and its application to real samples.
PubMed:Solarization and biosolarization using organic wastes for the bioremediation of soil polluted with terbuthylazine and linuron residues.
PubMed:Risk assessment of pesticides detected in surface water of the Alqueva reservoir (Guadiana basin, southern of Portugal).
PubMed:Catabolism of terbuthylazine by mixed bacterial culture originating from s-triazine-contaminated soil.
PubMed:Ionic liquid-based foam flotation followed by solid phase extraction to determine triazine herbicides in corn.
PubMed:Part I: temporal and spatial distribution of multiclass pesticide residues in lake waters of Northern Greece: application of an optimized SPE-UPLC-MS/MS pretreatment and analytical method.
PubMed:Part II: temporal and spatial distribution of multiclass pesticide residues in lake sediments of northern Greece: application of an optimized MAE-LC-MS/MS pretreatment and analytical method.
PubMed:Effect of terbuthylazine-2-hydroxy at environmental concentrations on early life stages of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.).
PubMed:Determination of triazine herbicides in vegetables by ionic liquid foam floatation solid phase extraction high performance liquid chromatography.
PubMed:Determination of triazine herbicides in seaweeds: development of a sample preparation method based on Matrix Solid Phase Dispersion and Solid Phase Extraction Clean-up.
PubMed:Monitoring of selected priority and emerging contaminants in the Guadalquivir River and other related surface waters in the province of Jaén, South East Spain.
PubMed:Skeletonema marinoi (Bacillariophyceae) sensitivity to herbicides and effects of temperature increase on cellular responses to terbuthylazine exposure.
PubMed:Four-year advanced monitoring program of polar pesticides in groundwater of Catalonia (NE-Spain).
PubMed:Application of a developed method for the extraction of triazines in surface waters and storage prior to analysis to seawaters of Galicia (northwest Spain).
PubMed:Characterization of cholinesterases in Chironomus riparius and the effects of three herbicides on chlorpyrifos toxicity.
PubMed:Investigating the need for complex vs. simple scenarios to improve predictions of aquatic ecosystem exposure with the SoilPlus model.
PubMed:Priority organic compounds in wastewater effluents from the Mediterranean and Atlantic basins of Andalusia (Spain).
PubMed:Influence of an intensive agricultural drainage basin on the seasonal distribution of organic pollutants in seawater from a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Mar Menor, SE Spain).
PubMed:UV/H2O2 oxidation of arsenic and terbuthylazine in drinking water.
PubMed:Impact assessment of agricultural inputs into a Mediterranean coastal lagoon (Mar Menor, SE Spain) on transplanted clams (Ruditapes decussatus) by biochemical and physiological responses.
PubMed:Biomonitoring short- and long-term exposure to the herbicide terbuthylazine in agriculture workers and in the general population using urine and hair specimens.
PubMed:In vitro-in vivo correlations for endocrine activity of a mixture of currently used pesticides.
PubMed:Ecological screening indicators of stress and risk for the Llobregat river water.
PubMed:Currently used pesticides and their mixtures affect the function of sex hormone receptors and aromatase enzyme activity.
PubMed:Levels of pesticides and their metabolites in Wistar rat amniotic fluids and maternal urine upon gestational exposure.
PubMed:Applicability of the new 60 μm polyethylene glycol solid-phase microextraction fiber assembly for the simultaneous analysis of six pesticides in water.
PubMed:Recovery ability of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) after a short-term exposure to terbuthylazine.
PubMed:Quantitative and qualitative differences in the metabolism of pesticides in biobed substrates and soil.
PubMed:Pesticides water decontamination in oxygen-limited conditions.
PubMed:Heterogeneous oxidation of terbuthylazine by "dark" OH radicals under simulated atmospheric conditions in a flow tube.
PubMed:Analysis of polar organic contaminants in surface water of the northern Adriatic Sea by solid-phase extraction followed by ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography-QTRAP® MS using a hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap instrument.
PubMed:Triazine herbicides and their chlorometabolites alter steroidogenesis in BLTK1 murine Leydig cells.
PubMed:Identification of a new PSII target site psbA mutation leading to D1 amino acid Leu218 Val exchange in the Chenopodium album D1 protein and comparison to cross-resistance profiles of known modifications at positions 251 and 264.
PubMed:Buffer strip effect on terbuthylazine, desethyl-terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor runoff from maize fields in Northern Italy.
PubMed:D-optimal experimental design coupled with parallel factor analysis 2 decomposition a useful tool in the determination of triazines in oranges by programmed temperature vaporization-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry when using dispersive-solid phase extraction.
PubMed:Twenty years later--atrazine concentrations in selected coastal waters of the Mediterranean and the Baltic Sea.
PubMed:Spatial and temporal trend of groundwater contamination from terbuthylazine and desethyl-terbuthylazine in the Lombardy Region (Italy).
PubMed:[Identification of biomarkers of short- and medium-term exposure in urine and hair of subjects exposed to terbuthylazine].
PubMed:Oxidative stress parameters in early developmental stages of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after subchronic exposure to terbuthylazine and metribuzin.
PubMed:The effects of subchronic exposure to terbuthylazine on zebrafish.
PubMed:Synergistic effects caused by atrazine and terbuthylazine on chlorpyrifos toxicity to early-life stages of the zebrafish Danio rerio.
PubMed:Combined effects of the herbicide terbuthylazine and temperature on different flagellates from the Northern Adriatic Sea.
PubMed:Pesticides and degradation products in groundwaters from a vineyard region: optimization of a multiresidue method based on SPE and GC-MS.
PubMed:Sampling of herbicides in streams during flood events.
PubMed:Polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) uptake rates for 17 polar pesticides and degradation products: laboratory calibration.
PubMed:Online desorption of molecularly imprinted stir bar sorptive extraction coupled to high performance liquid chromatography for the trace analysis of triazines in rice.
PubMed:Assessing the quality of freshwaters in a protected area within the Tagus River basin district (central Portugal).
PubMed:Herbicide contamination and dispersion pattern in lowland springs.
PubMed:Atmospheric influence on the distribution of organic pollutants in the Guadalquivir River estuary, SW Spain.
PubMed:Risk assessment of herbicides and booster biocides along estuarine continuums in the Bay of Vilaine area (Brittany, France).
PubMed:Haematology and blood chemistry changes in mice treated with terbuthylazine and its formulation Radazin TZ-50.
PubMed:Dynamically formed admicelle layer to control the amplitude of cathodic electroosmotic flow.
PubMed:Degradation of terbuthylazine, difenoconazole and pendimethalin pesticides by selected fungi cultures.
PubMed:Determination of terbuthylazine and desethylterbuthylazine in human urine and hair samples by eletrospray ionization-liquid chromatography/triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Develop of a multiway chemometric-based analytical method fulfilling regulatory identification criteria: application to GC-MS pesticide residue analysis.
PubMed:The effects of subchronic exposure to terbuthylazine on early developmental stages of common carp.
PubMed:Effect of olive-mill waste addition to soil on sorption, persistence, and mobility of herbicides used in Mediterranean olive groves.
PubMed:Effect of vegetative filter strips on herbicide runoff under various types of rainfall.
PubMed:The use of FISH-comet to detect c-Myc and TP 53 damage in extended-term lymphocyte cultures treated with terbuthylazine and carbofuran.
PubMed:Rapid effects of diverse toxic water pollutants on chlorophyll a fluorescence: variable responses among freshwater microalgae.
PubMed:Farmers' exposure to herbicides in North Italy: assessment under real-life conditions in small-size rice and corn farms.
PubMed:Determination of pesticides by capillary chromatography and SERS detection using a novel Silver-Quantum dots "sponge" nanocomposite.
PubMed:Use of liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to study the degradation pathways of terbuthylazine (TER) by Typha latifolia in constructed wetlands: identification of a new TER metabolite.
PubMed:The effects of Click 500 SC (terbuthylazine) on common carp Cyprinus carpio under (sub)chronic conditions.
PubMed:Terbuthylazine in hair as a biomarker of exposure.
PubMed:Triazine residues in raw milk and infant formulas from Spanish northwest, by a diphasic dialysis extraction.
PubMed:Effects of low-dose exposure to pesticide mixture on physiological responses of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of triazine herbicides in rice by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution and high mass accuracy hybrid linear ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Endogenous 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in microalga Chlorella kessleri acts as a bioactive indicator of pollution with common herbicides and growth regulating factor of hormesis.
PubMed:Groundwater from infiltration galleries used for small public water supply systems: contamination with pesticides and endocrine disruptors.
PubMed:Effect of the herbicides terbuthylazine and glyphosate on photosystem II photochemistry of young olive (Olea europaea) plants.
PubMed:Adsorption of cellular peptides of Microcystis aeruginosa and two herbicides onto activated carbon: effect of surface charge and interactions.
PubMed:Growth rate of Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to herbicides found in surface waters in the Alqueva reservoir (Portugal): a bottom-up approach using binary mixtures.
PubMed:Removal of pesticide mixtures in a stormwater wetland collecting runoff from a vineyard catchment.
PubMed:Selective extraction of triazine herbicides based on a combination of membrane assisted solvent extraction and molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction.
PubMed:Low temperature followed by matrix solid-phase dispersion-sonication procedure for the determination of multiclass pesticides in palm oil using LC-TOF-MS.
PubMed:Pesticide adsorption in relation to soil properties and soil type distribution in regional scale.
PubMed:Atrazine is not readily mineralised in 24 temperate soils regardless of pre-exposure to triazine herbicides.
PubMed:Solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of several pesticides in water.
PubMed:Degradation and adsorption of pesticides in compost-based biomixtures as potential substrates for biobeds in southern Europe.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of triazines and their main transformation products in surface and urban wastewater by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Integrated approach for the quality assessment of freshwater resources in a vineyard area (South Portugal).
PubMed:Degradation and adsorption of terbuthylazine and chlorpyrifos in biobed biomixtures from composted cotton crop residues.
PubMed:Development of selective and chemically stable coating for stir bar sorptive extraction by molecularly imprinted technique.
PubMed:Novel biomixtures based on local Mediterranean lignocellulosic materials: evaluation for use in biobed systems.
PubMed:Analytical strategy based on the use of liquid chromatography and gas chromatography with triple-quadrupole and time-of-flight MS analyzers for investigating organic contaminants in wastewater.
PubMed:Screening of agrochemicals in foodstuffs using low-temperature plasma (LTP) ambient ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Capillary liquid chromatography with off-line mid-IR and Raman micro-spectroscopic detection: analysis of chlorinated pesticides at ppb levels.
PubMed:Dipstick format of an improved ELISA for on-site atrazine monitoring in water in Pakistan.
PubMed:Fate of selected pesticides, estrogens, progestogens and volatile organic compounds during artificial aquifer recharge using surface waters.
PubMed:Festuca arundinacea, glutathione S-transferase and herbicide safeners: a preliminary case study to reduce herbicidal pollution.
PubMed:Modelling the dissipation kinetics of six commonly used pesticides in two contrasting soils of New Zealand.
PubMed:Parameter importance and uncertainty in predicting runoff pesticide reduction with filter strips.
PubMed:Effect of the herbicide glyphosate on glyphosate-tolerant maize rhizobacterial communities: a comparison with pre-emergency applied herbicide consisting of a combination of acetochlor and terbuthylazine.
PubMed:Chlorophyll fluorescence protocol for quick detection of triazinone resistant Chenopodium album L.
PubMed:The role of a groundwater bacterial community in the degradation of the herbicide terbuthylazine.
PubMed:Atrazine and terbuthylazine mineralization by an Arthrobacter sp. isolated from a sugarcane-cultivated soil in Kenya.
PubMed:Rate of loss of simazine, terbuthylazine, isoproturon, and methabenzthiazuron during soil solarization.
PubMed:Microalgae fiber optic biosensors for herbicide monitoring using sol-gel technology.
PubMed:Characterization of chromatin instabilities induced by glyphosate, terbuthylazine and carbofuran using cytome FISH assay.
PubMed:A new fluorescent oligonucleotide probe for in situ detection of s-triazine-degrading Rhodococcus wratislaviensis in contaminated groundwater and soil samples.
PubMed:Evaluation of surface water quality using an ecotoxicological approach: a case study of the Alqueva Reservoir (Portugal).
PubMed:Dissipation and sorption of six commonly used pesticides in two contrasting soils of New Zealand.
PubMed:Influence of different organic amendments on the leaching and dissipation of terbuthylazine in a column and a field study.
PubMed:Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for trace analysis of agrochemicals in food.
PubMed:Compost and vermicompost of olive cake to bioremediate triazines-contaminated soil.
PubMed:Risk assessment of representative and priority pesticides, in surface water of the Alqueva reservoir (South of Portugal) using on-line solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:DOM-Flocculation: A suitable approach for separating free and DOM-bound herbicides?
PubMed:Determination of pesticides in water samples from the Wieprz-krzna Canal in the Leczyńsko-Włodawskie Lake District of southeastern Poland by thin-layer chromatography with diode array scanning and high-performance column liquid chromatography with diode array detection.
PubMed:Mathematical model for the analytical signal of an herbicide sensor based on the reaction centre of Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
PubMed:Terbuthylazine persistence in an organic amended soil.
PubMed:Operative modalities and exposure to pesticides during open field treatments among a group of agricultural subcontractors.
PubMed:Comparison of annual dry and wet deposition fluxes of selected pesticides in Strasbourg, France.
PubMed:Design of experiments in environmental chemistry studies: example of the extraction of triazines from soil after olive cake amendment.
PubMed:Comparison between the polar organic chemical integrative sampler and the solid-phase extraction for estimating herbicide time-weighted average concentrations during a microcosm experiment.
PubMed:The occurrence of hormesis in plants and algae.
PubMed:Impact of pesticides used in agriculture and vineyards to surface and groundwater quality (North Spain).
PubMed:Availability of triazine herbicides in aged soils amended with olive oil mill waste.
PubMed:Synthesis and characterization of a propazine imprinted polymer for the extraction of triazines herbicides.
PubMed:Effect of a full-grown vegetative filter strip on herbicide runoff: maintaining of filter capacity over time.
PubMed:Pesticides removal in the process of drinking water production.
PubMed:Effect of washing on pesticide residues in olives.
PubMed:Target and nontarget screening of organic micropollutants in water by solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography/high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Fast determination of herbicides in waters by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Influence of different organic amendments on the degradation, metabolism, and adsorption of terbuthylazine.
PubMed:Organophosphorous insecticides as herbicide synergists on the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the aquatic plant Lemna minor.
PubMed:Simultaneous determination of terbuthylazine and its major hydroxy and dealkylated metabolites in wetland water samples using solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection.
PubMed:Combination of a pesticide exposure and a bacterial challenge: in vivo effects on immune response of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg).
PubMed:Selective modification of clay minerals for the adsorption of herbicides widely used in olive groves.
PubMed:Seasonal variations of selected herbicides and related metabolites in water, sediment, seaweed and clams in the Sacca di Goro coastal lagoon (Northern Adriatic).
PubMed:Fate of diuron and terbuthylazine in soils amended with two-phase olive oil mill waste.
PubMed:Terbuthylazine contamination of the aquifer north of Vicenza (north-east Italy).
PubMed:Assessment of olive cake as soil amendment for the controlled release of triazine herbicides.
PubMed:Determination of pesticides in olives by gas chromatography using different detection systems.
PubMed:[Simultaneous determination of triazine herbicide residues in maize by gas chromatography].
PubMed:Raw or incubated olive-mill wastes and its biotransformed products as agricultural soil amendments-effect on sorption-desorption of triazine herbicides.
PubMed:Experimental validation of a geographical information systems-based procedure for predicting pesticide exposure in surface water.
PubMed:Influence of harvesting method and washing on the presence of pesticide residues in olives and olive oil.
PubMed:Application of in-situ bioassays with macrophytes in aquatic mesocosm studies.
PubMed:Effect of drying on the desorption of diuron and terbuthylazine from natural soils.
PubMed:Analysis of herbicides in olive oil by liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Application of a GIS-AF/RF model to assess the risk of herbicide leaching in a citrus-growing area of the Valencia Community, Spain.
PubMed:Pesticide modelling for a small catchment using SWAT-2000.
PubMed:Determination of pesticides in washing waters of olive processing by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Induction of wheat and maize glutathione S-transferase by some herbicide safeners and their effect on enzyme activity against butachlor and terbuthylazine.
PubMed:Comparison of an indirect format ELISA on modified graphite and polystyrene surfaces against triazines.
PubMed:Is prochloraz a potent synergist across aquatic species? A study on bacteria, daphnia, algae and higher plants.
PubMed:A 3D hydrodynamic fate and transport model for herbicides in Sacca di Goro coastal lagoon (Northern Adriatic).
PubMed:Atrazine increases the sodium absorption in frog (Rana esculenta) skin.
PubMed:Multi-process herbicide transport in structured soil columns: experiments and model analysis.
PubMed:Effects of experimental terbuthylazine exposure on the cells of Dicentrarchus labrax (L.).
PubMed:Including mixtures in the determination of water quality criteria for herbicides in surface water.
PubMed:Simplified pesticide multiresidue analysis in virgin olive oil by gas chromatography with thermoionic specific, electron-capture and mass spectrometric detection.
PubMed:Herbicide contamination of surficial groundwater in Northern Italy.
PubMed:Monitoring of triazine and phenylurea herbicides in the surface waters of Greece.
PubMed:Characterization of Arthrobacter nicotinovorans HIM, an atrazine-degrading bacterium, from agricultural soil New Zealand.
PubMed:Tyrosinase inhibition organic phase biosensor for triazinic and benzotriazinic pesticide analysis (part two).
PubMed:Herbicide losses in runoff events from a field with a low slope: role of a vegetative filter strip.
PubMed:Effect of urea on degradation of terbuthylazine in soil.
PubMed:Can the choice of endpoint lead to contradictory results of mixture-toxicity experiments?
PubMed:Detoxification of herbicides in Phragmites australis.
PubMed:Determination of pesticide residues in olives and olive oil by matrix solid-phase dispersion followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Wet deposition of pesticides and nitrophenols at two sites in Denmark: measurements and contributions from regional sources.
PubMed:Benoxacor induction of terbuthylazine detoxification in Zea mays and Festuca arundinacea.
PubMed:Identification and quantification of pesticides, industrial chemicals, and organobromine compounds of medium to high polarity in the North Sea.
PubMed:Determination of chloro-s-triazines including didealkylatrazine using solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Seasonal exposures to triazine and other pesticides in surface waters in the western Highveld corn-production region in South Africa.
PubMed:Does the effect of herbicide pulse exposure on aquatic plants depend on Kow or mode of action?
PubMed:Sorption-desorption behavior of triazine and phenylurea herbicides in Kishon river sediments.
PubMed:Determination of herbicides in stemflow and throughfall of beeches (Fagus sylvatica L.) and in rainfall.
PubMed:Atrazine is a competitive inhibitor of phosphodiesterase but does not affect the estrogen receptor.
PubMed:Modeling the effects of tillage management practices on herbicide runoff in northern Italy.
PubMed:Effect of temperature on the disappearance of four triazine herbicides in environmental waters.
PubMed:Persistence of four s-triazine herbicides in river, sea and groundwater samples exposed to sunlight and darkness under laboratory conditions.
PubMed:Performance of a narrow buffer strip in abating agricultural pollutants in the shallow subsurface water flux.
PubMed:Contribution of non-agricultural pesticides to pesticide load in surface water.
PubMed:Analytical method using gas chromatography and ion trap tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of S-triazines and their metabolites in the atmosphere.
PubMed:Use of quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in environmental analysis: elucidation of transformation products of triazine herbicides in water after UV exposure.
PubMed:Persistence of simazine and terbuthylazine in a semiarid soil after organic amendment with urban sewage sludge.
PubMed:Pesticide volatilization from soil: lysimeter measurements versus predictions of European registration models.
PubMed:Thermal and metabolic factors affecting bioaccumulation of triazine herbicides by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
PubMed:Studies on mobility and degradation pathways of terbuthylazine using lysimeters on a field scale.
PubMed:Transport of three herbicides in ground water at Twin Lake test site, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada.
PubMed:The F684/F735 chlorophyll fluorescence ratio: a potential tool for rapid detection and determination of herbicide phytotoxicity in algae.
PubMed:Sorption and dialysis experiments to assess the binding of phenolic xenobiotics to dissolved organic matter in soil.
PubMed:Mineralization of aged atrazine, terbuthylazine, 2,4-D, and mecoprop in soil and aquifer sediment.
PubMed:Rapid screening of triazines and quantitative determination in drinking water.
PubMed:Sol-gel glass immunosorbent-based determination of s-triazines in water and soil samples using gas chromatography with a nitrogen phosphorus detection system.
PubMed:Application of solid-phase microextraction in the monitoring of priority pesticides in the Kalamas River (N.W. Greece).
PubMed:Analysis of polar pesticides in rainwater in Denmark by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
PubMed:In vitro studies on the effects of herbicides on the growth of rhizobia.
PubMed:Development of ELISA technique for the analysis of atrazine residues in water.
PubMed:Degradation of contrasting pesticides by white rot fungi and its relationship with ligninolytic potential.
PubMed:Mycorrhizal growth in pure cultures in the presence of pesticides.
PubMed:Movement of metolachlor and terbuthylazine in core and packed soil columns.
PubMed:Factors affecting multiresidue determination of priority herbicides when using solid-phase microextraction.
PubMed:Organic pollutants in surface waters from Portugal using chemometric interpretation.
PubMed:Microbial degradation of terbuthylazine in surface soil and subsoil at two different temperatures.
PubMed:Fate of the herbicide 14C-terbuthylazine in Brazilian soils under various climatic conditions.
PubMed:Sorption behavior of metolachlor, isoproturon, and terbuthylazine in soils.
PubMed:Enhanced transport of pesticides in a field trial with treated sewage sludge.
PubMed:Mineralization of 2,4-D, mecoprop, isoproturon and terbuthylazine in a chalk aquifer.
PubMed:Evaluation of a multidimensional solid-phase extraction platform for highly selective on-line cleanup and high-throughput LC-MS analysis of triazines in river water samples using molecularly imprinted polymers.
PubMed:Formation of N-Nitrosoterbuthylazine and N-Nitrosoterbutryn in a Model System of Soil Water.
PubMed:Determination of simazine, terbuthylazine, and their dealkylated chlorotriazine metabolites in soil using sonication microextraction and gas chromatography.
PubMed:Coupled-column liquid chromatography applied to the trace-level determination of triazine herbicides and some of their metabolites in water samples.
PubMed:Selective trace enrichment of chlorotriazine pesticides from natural waters and sediment samples using terbuthylazine molecularly imprinted polymers
PubMed:Hot phosphate-buffered water extraction coupled on-line with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for analyzing contaminants in soil.
PubMed:Application of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry combined with photodiode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry for monitoring pesticides in surface waters.
PubMed:Monitoring of priority pesticides and other organic pollutants in river water from portugal by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Use of solid-phase microextraction for the quantitative determination of herbicides in soil and water samples.
PubMed:Determination of triazines in soil leachates by solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:Analysis of terbuthylazine in soil samples by two test strip immunoassay formats using reflectance and luminescence detection.
PubMed:Biodegradation in laboratory activated sludge plants and aquatic toxicity of herbicides.
PubMed:OH radical reactivity of pesticides adsorbed on aerosol materials: first results of experiments with filter samples.
PubMed:Dissipation of some citrus selective residual herbicides in an irrigation well.
PubMed:Pesticides in rain.
PubMed:Identification of enzymes involved in the metabolism of atrazine, terbuthylazine, ametryne, and terbutryne in human liver microsomes.
PubMed:Stability of isoproturon, bentazone, terbuthylazine and alachlor in natural groundwater, surface water and soil water samples stored under laboratory conditions.
PubMed:Simultaneous Determination of Ionization Constants and Isoelectric Points of 12 Hydroxy-s-Triazines by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis and Capillary Isoelectric Focusing.
PubMed:Physiological basis in the assessment of ecotoxicity of pesticides to soil organisms.
PubMed:S-triazine residues in groundwater.
PubMed:[Retrospective study of morbidity in a group professionally exposed to chlorotriazine herbicides].
PubMed:In vivo genotoxicity of selected herbicides in the mouse bone-marrow micronucleus test.
PubMed:In vitro metabolism of atrazine, terbuthylazine, ametryne, and terbutryne in rats, pigs, and humans.
PubMed:Effects of terbuthylazine on soil fauna and decomposition processes.
PubMed:Determination of pesticides in aqueous samples by solid-phase microextraction in-line coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
PubMed:CO2 production in three earthworm species exposed to terbuthylazine and carbofuran in food.
PubMed:Uptake of terbuthylazine and its medium polar metabolites into maize plants.
PubMed:Evaluation of herbicide migration from water to gorgonzola and mozzarella cheeses in industrial processing.
PubMed:[Retrospective study of the morbidity in a group occupationally exposed to chlorotriazine herbicides: preliminary results].
PubMed:Persistence of terbuthylazine in soils.
PubMed:Effects of thiram and terbuthylazine on cellulose decomposition in two soils.
PubMed:Optimization of a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay for the detection of terbuthylazine.
PubMed:[Effects of terbuthylazine on photo-autotrophic organisms in the aquatic ecosystem].
PubMed:Use of gas liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for triazine herbicide residues analysis in forage and milk.
PubMed:Triazine herbicide residues in central European streams.
 
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