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citral terpenes

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Category:fragrance agents
 
US / EU / FDA / JECFA / FEMA / FLAVIS / Scholar / Patent Information:
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Physical Properties:
Appearance:colorless to pale yellow clear liquid (est)
Assay: 95.00 to 100.00
Food Chemicals Codex Listed: No
Flash Point: 130.00 °F. TCC ( 54.44 °C. )
Soluble in:
 alcohol
Insoluble in:
 water
 
Organoleptic Properties:
Substantivity:24 Hour(s)
Odor and/or flavor descriptions from others (if found).
 
Cosmetic Information:
None found
 
Suppliers:
Penta International
CITRAL TERPENES
 
Safety Information:
 
Hazards identification
 
Classification of the substance or mixture
GHS Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
None found.
GHS Label elements, including precautionary statements
 
Pictogram
 
Hazard statement(s)
None found.
Precautionary statement(s)
None found.
Oral/Parenteral Toxicity:
Not determined
Dermal Toxicity:
Not determined
Inhalation Toxicity:
Not determined
 
Safety in Use Information:
Category:
fragrance agents
IFRA Code of Practice Notification of the 49th Amendment to the IFRA Code of Practice
 
Recommendation for citral terpenes flavor usage levels up to:
 not for flavor use.
 
Safety References:
None found
 
References:
None found
 
Other Information:
FAO:BASIC PRINCIPLES OF STEAM DISTILLATION
 
Potential Blenders and core components note
None Found
 
Potential Uses:
FRcitrus
FRlemon
FRlemongrass
 
Occurrence (nature, food, other):note
 natural
 
Synonyms:
 citral terpenes, natural
 

Articles:

PubMed:Modeling with the logistic regression of the growth/no growth interface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in relation to 2 antimicrobial terpenes (citral and linalool), pH, and aw.
PubMed:Comparing terpenes from plant essential oils as pesticides for the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae).
PubMed:Effect of citral and carvacrol on the susceptibility of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua to antibiotics.
PubMed:Biocontrol potential of essential oil monoterpenes against housefly, Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae).
PubMed:Cytotoxic effects of air freshener biocides in lung epithelial cells.
PubMed:Volatile composition of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) commercial teas through solid phase extraction.
PubMed:A chemometrics as a powerful tool in the elucidation of the role of metals in the biosynthesis of volatile organic compounds in Hungarian thyme samples.
PubMed:Effect of ubiquinol-10 on citral stability and off-flavor formation in oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions.
PubMed:Development of a solid phase microextraction protocol for the GC-MS determination of volatile off-flavour compounds from citral degradation in oil-in-water emulsions.
PubMed:Lutein, a nonprovitamin A, activates the retinoic acid receptor to induce HAS3-dependent hyaluronan synthesis in keratinocytes.
PubMed:Immunomodulation by Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 in the murine lamina propria requires retinoic acid-dependent and independent mechanisms.
PubMed:Participation of citral in the bronchodilatory effect of ginger oil and possible mechanism of action.
PubMed:Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of oriental fruit moth to the monoterpenoid citral alone and in combination with sex pheromone.
PubMed:Comparative study on in vitro activities of citral, limonene and essential oils from Lippia citriodora and L. alba on yellow fever virus.
PubMed:Inhibition of citral degradation in an acidic aqueous environment by polyoxyethylene alkylether surfactants.
PubMed:Vasodilator activity of the essential oil from aerial parts of Pectis brevipedunculata and its main constituent citral in rat aorta.
PubMed:The sensitivity of the KeratinoSens™ assay to evaluate plant extracts: a pilot study.
PubMed:Citral induces auxin and ethylene-mediated malformations and arrests cell division in Arabidopsis thaliana roots.
PubMed:Identification of gustatory-olfactory flavor mixtures: effects of linguistic labeling.
PubMed:Terpenoids from Zingiber officinale (Ginger) induce apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells through the activation of p53.
PubMed:Combined effects of high pressure homogenization treatment and citral on microbiological quality of apricot juice.
PubMed:Novel limonene and citral based 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles: a natural product coupled approach to semicarbazones for antiepileptic activity.
PubMed:Next generation sequencing and de novo transcriptome analysis of Costus pictus D. Don, a non-model plant with potent anti-diabetic properties.
PubMed:Anti-Candida albicans effectiveness of citral and investigation of mode of action.
PubMed:Effect of mitotic inducers and retinoic acid blocker on expression of pluripotent genes in ES cells derived from early stage in vitro-produced embryos in buffalo.
PubMed:Evaluation of the masking of dimethyl sulfide odors by citronellal, limonene and citral through the use of trained odor sensor mice.
PubMed:Chemical composition of hexane extract of Citrus aurantifolia and anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity of some of its constituents.
PubMed:Housefly (Musca domestica L.) control potential of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf. (Poales: Poaceae) essential oil and monoterpenes (citral and 1,8-cineole).
PubMed:Monoterpene alcohol metabolism: identification, purification, and characterization of two geraniol dehydrogenase isoenzymes from Polygonum minus leaves.
PubMed:Influence of extraction methodologies on the analysis of five major volatile aromatic compounds of citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) grown in Thailand.
PubMed:Sequence comparisons of odorant receptors among tortricid moths reveal different rates of molecular evolution among family members.
PubMed:Contact allergy to air-exposed geraniol: clinical observations and report of 14 cases.
PubMed:Development of antimicrobial films for microbiological control of packaged salad.
PubMed:Efficacy of cold-pressed terpeneless Valencia oil and its primary components on inhibition of Listeria species by direct contact and exposure to vapors.
PubMed:Retinoic acid signaling and the initiation of mammary gland development.
PubMed:Geraniol and geranial dehydrogenases induced in anaerobic monoterpene degradation by Castellaniella defragrans.
PubMed:Monoterpenic aldehydes as potential anti-Leishmania agents: activity of Cymbopogon citratus and citral on L. infantum, L. tropica and L. major.
PubMed:A dual catalyst system provides the shortest pathway for L-menthol synthesis.
PubMed:Effects of carvacrol, (E)-2-hexenal, and citral on the thermal death kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes.
PubMed:Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus, stapf (Lemon grass).
PubMed:Stability of citral in emulsions coated with cationic biopolymer layers.
PubMed:Encapsulation of citral isomers in extracted lemongrass oil with cyclodextrins: molecular modeling and physicochemical characterizations.
PubMed:Spasmolytic effect of citral and extracts of Cymbopogon citratus on isolated rabbit ileum.
PubMed:Essential oil composition of two unique ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) cultivars from Sikkim.
PubMed:Antibacterial potential of citral derivatives.
PubMed:Flavor-intensity perception: effects of stimulus context.
PubMed:Ascaridole, a sensitizing component of tea tree oil, patch tested at 1% and 5% in two series of patients.
PubMed:Characterization of biofumigated Ralstonia solanacearum cells using micro-Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy.
PubMed:In vitro antifungal, anti-elastase and anti-keratinase activity of essential oils of Cinnamomum-, Syzygium- and Cymbopogon-species against Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichophyton rubrum.
PubMed:Chemical composition and fumigant toxicity of some essential oils against Ephestia kuehniella.
PubMed:Alleviation of salt stress in lemongrass by salicylic acid.
PubMed:Microwave-assisted partial hydrogenation of citral by using ionic liquid-coated porous glass catalysts.
PubMed:Retinoic acid modulates chondrogenesis in the developing mouse cranial base.
PubMed:Experimental and theoretical investigations of the autoxidation of geranial: a dioxolane hydroperoxide identified as a skin sensitizer.
PubMed:Chemical composition analysis of the essential oil of Melissa officinalis L. from Kurdistan, Iran by HS/SPME method and calculation of the biophysicochemical coefficients of the components.
PubMed:Chemical composition and therapeutic effects of Lippia alba (Mill.) N. E. Brown leaves hydro-alcoholic extract in patients with migraine.
PubMed:Lemongrass and citral effect on cytokines production by murine macrophages.
PubMed:Inhibitory effect of formulated lemongrass shampoo on Malassezia furfur: a yeast associated with dandruff.
PubMed:Antiinflammatory effects of ginger and some of its components in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells.
PubMed:Near-infrared spectroscopy of orbitofrontal cortex during odorant stimulation.
PubMed:Fumigant toxicity of lemon eucalyptus oil constituents to acaricide-susceptible and acaricide-resistant Tetranychus urticae.
PubMed:The retinol signaling pathway in mouse pluripotent P19 cells.
PubMed:Terpenoids inhibit Candida albicans growth by affecting membrane integrity and arrest of cell cycle.
PubMed:Efficacy of essential oils of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown and Callistemon lanceolatus (Sm.) Sweet and their major constituents on mortality, oviposition and feeding behaviour of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L.
PubMed:Inhibition of citral degradation by oil-in-water nanoemulsions combined with antioxidants.
PubMed:Temperature-dependent fumigant activity of essential oils against twospotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae).
PubMed:Flavored waters: influence of ingredients on antioxidant capacity and terpenoid profile by HS-SPME/GC-MS.
PubMed:Anointing chemicals and hematophagous arthropods: responses by ticks and mosquitoes to citrus (Rutaceae) peel exudates and monoterpene components.
PubMed:Composition of a monoterpenoid-rich essential oil from the rhizome of Zingiber officinale from north western Himalayas.
PubMed:The effect of lemongrass oil and its major components on clinical isolate mastitis pathogens and their mechanisms of action on Staphylococcus aureus DMST 4745.
PubMed:Microparticles containing lemongrass volatile oil: preparation, characterization and thermal stability.
PubMed:[Analysis of volatile oil from different parts of Litsea cubeba].
PubMed:In vitro effects of citral on trypanosoma cruzi metacyclogenesis.
PubMed:Effect of citral on the thermal inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in citrate phosphate buffer and apple juice.
PubMed:Phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent antagonism in mammalian olfactory receptor neurons.
PubMed:Comparative toxicity of oxygenated monoterpenoids in experimental hydroalcoholic lotions to permethrin-resistant adult head lice.
PubMed:Induction of fatty acid composition modifications and tolerance to biocides in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by plant-derived terpenes.
PubMed:Liquid and vapour-phase antifungal activities of selected essential oils against Candida albicans: microscopic observations and chemical characterization of Cymbopogon citratus.
PubMed:The combination of naproxen and citral reduces nociception and gastric damage in rats.
PubMed:Microbial transformation of citral by Penicillium sp..
PubMed:Effect of a microemulsion system on hapten-peptide reactivity studies: examples of hydroxycitronellal and citral, fragrance skin sensitizers, with glutathione.
PubMed:Influence of droplet charge on the chemical stability of citral in oil-in-water emulsions.
PubMed:Meiosis initiation in the human ovary requires intrinsic retinoic acid synthesis.
PubMed:Retinoic acid synthesis promotes development of neural progenitors from mouse embryonic stem cells by suppressing endogenous, Wnt-dependent nodal signaling.
PubMed:Citral, a component of lemongrass oil, activates PPARα and γ and suppresses COX-2 expression.
PubMed:Quantitative risk assessment of contact sensitization: clinical data to assess utility of the model.
PubMed:Synergistic effect of the interaction between naproxen and citral on inflammation in rats.
PubMed:Lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) ameliorates murine spontaneous ileitis by decreasing lymphocyte recruitment to the inflamed intestine.
PubMed:A new gradient-controlled method for improving the spectral width of ultrafast 2D NMR experiments.
PubMed:Evolution of aroma and phenolic compounds during ripening of 'superior seedless' grapes.
PubMed:A chemical marker proposal for the Lantana genus: composition of the essential oils from the leaves of Lantana radula and L. canescens.
PubMed:Compositions and in vitro anticancer activities of the leaf and fruit oils of Litsea cubeba from Taiwan.
PubMed:Volatile organic components of fresh leaves as indicators of indigenous and cultivated citrus species in Taiwan.
PubMed:Essential oil biosynthesis and regulation in the genus Cymbopogon.
PubMed:Quantitative study of mast cells in experimentally induced benign prostatic hyperplasia.
PubMed:Safety evaluation of disposable baby diapers using principles of quantitative risk assessment.
PubMed:Verbena officinalis essential oil and its component citral as apoptotic-inducing agent in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
PubMed:Nematicidal activity of monoterpenoids against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita.
PubMed:Spasmolytic and anti-inflammatory effects of Aloysia triphylla and citral, in vitro and in vivo studies.
PubMed:Coactivation of gustatory and olfactory signals in flavor perception.
PubMed:Inhibitory activity of hydrosols, herbal teas and related essential oils against filament formation and the growth of Candida albicans.
PubMed:Modeling of combined effects of citral, linalool and beta-pinene used against Saccharomyces cerevisiae in citrus-based beverages subjected to a mild heat treatment.
PubMed:Chemical composition of Eucalyptus spp. essential oils and their insecticidal effects on Lutzomyia longipalpis.
PubMed:Inactivation of Escherichia coli by citral.
PubMed:Microtubules are an intracellular target of the plant terpene citral.
PubMed:Stability of citral in oil-in-water emulsions prepared with medium-chain triacylglycerols and triacetin.
PubMed:Citral and carvone chemotypes from the essential oils of Colombian Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown: composition, cytotoxicity and antifungal activity.
PubMed:Retinoic acid is both necessary for and inhibits myogenic commitment and differentiation in the chick limb.
PubMed:Efficacy of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown essential oil and its monoterpene aldehyde constituents against fungi isolated from some edible legume seeds and aflatoxin B1 production.
PubMed:Food protective effect of geraniol and its congeners against stored food mites.
PubMed:In vitro activity of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus and its major component (citral) on Leishmania amazonensis.
PubMed:Citral inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells.
PubMed:Comparative study on the antiviral activity of selected monoterpenes derived from essential oils.
PubMed:The role of polar phytocomplexes on anticonvulsant effects of leaf extracts of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown chemotypes.
PubMed:Biphasic effect of citral, a flavoring and scenting agent, on spatial learning and memory in rats.
PubMed:Insulin nanoparticles: stability and aerosolization from pressurized metered dose inhalers.
PubMed:Defense by volatiles in leaf-mining insect larvae.
PubMed:Effect of citral, eugenol, nerolidol and alpha-terpineol on the ultrastructural changes of Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
PubMed:Odorant receptors from the light brown apple moth (Epiphyas postvittana) recognize important volatile compounds produced by plants.
PubMed:A combined approach of chemical enhancers and sonophoresis for the transdermal delivery of tizanidine hydrochloride.
PubMed:Encapsulation performance of proteins and traditional materials for spray dried flavors.
PubMed:Antimicrobial activities of components of the glandular secretions of leaf cutting ants of the genus Atta.
PubMed:Development of different temoporfin-loaded invasomes-novel nanocarriers of temoporfin: characterization, stability and in vitro skin penetration studies.
PubMed:Male-produced aggregation pheromone blend in Platypus koryoensis.
PubMed:Proteome alteration of U251 human astrocytoma cell after inhibiting retinoic acid synthesis.
PubMed:The effect of monoterpenes on swarming differentiation and haemolysin activity in Proteus mirabilis.
PubMed:Relationship between sublethal injury and microbial inactivation by the combination of high hydrostatic pressure and citral or tert-butyl hydroquinone.
PubMed:Cytochrome P450-mediated activation of the fragrance compound geraniol forms potent contact allergens.
PubMed:Antimicrobial efficacy of citron essential oil on spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in fruit-based salads.
PubMed:Implementation of the dermal sensitization Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) for fragrance ingredients.
PubMed:The monoterpenoids citral and geraniol are moderate inhibitors of CYP2B6 hydroxylase activity.
PubMed:Comparative study on essential oils incorporated into an alginate-based edible coating to assure the safety and quality of fresh-cut Fuji apples.
PubMed:Antifungal activity of the lemongrass oil and citral against Candida spp.
PubMed:Host-seeking and blood-feeding behavior of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) exposed to vapors of geraniol, citral, citronellal, eugenol, or anisaldehyde.
PubMed:Anti-inflammation activity of fruit essential oil from Cinnamomum insularimontanum Hayata.
PubMed:Inhibitory effects of ginger oil on spontaneous and PGF2alpha-induced contraction of rat myometrium.
PubMed:Citral sensing by Transient [corrected] receptor potential channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons.
PubMed:Fed-batch production of gluconic acid by terpene-treated Aspergillus niger spores.
PubMed:Geraniol dehydrogenase, the key enzyme in biosynthesis of the alarm pheromone, from the astigmatid mite Carpoglyphus lactis (Acari: Carpoglyphidae).
PubMed:Inhibitory effect of citral on NO production by suppression of iNOS expression and NF-kappa B activation in RAW264.7 cells.
PubMed:Citral: identifying a threshold for induction of dermal sensitization.
PubMed:Topical application of temoporfin-loaded invasomes for photodynamic therapy of subcutaneously implanted tumours in mice: a pilot study.
PubMed:Bioactive compounds of the volatile oil of Dracocephalum kotschyi.
PubMed:A male-produced aggregation pheromone blend consisting of alkanediols, terpenoids, and an aromatic alcohol from the cerambycid beetle Megacyllene caryae.
PubMed:Performance of mice in discrimination of liquor odors: behavioral evidence for olfactory attention.
PubMed:Expression of two old yellow enzyme homologues from Gluconobacter oxydans and identification of their citral hydrogenation abilities.
PubMed:Wt1 and retinoic acid signaling are essential for stellate cell development and liver morphogenesis.
PubMed:Comparative analysis of essential oil components in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by GC-MS combined with chemometric resolution method.
PubMed:Permeabilization and inhibition of the germination of spores of Aspergillus niger for gluconic acid production from glucose.
PubMed:Identification of the genotype from the content and composition of the essential oil of lemon verbena (Aloysia citriodora Palau).
PubMed:Citral, an inhibitor of retinoic acid synthesis, attenuates the frequency and severity of branchial arch abnormalities induced by triazole-derivative fluconazole in rat embryos cultured in vitro.
PubMed:Combined use of ultrasound and natural antimicrobials to inactivate Listeria monocytogenes in orange juice.
PubMed:In vitro induction of mucosa-type dendritic cells by all-trans retinoic acid.
PubMed:Influence of five organic antifouling candidates on spore attachment and germination of a fouling alga Ulva pertusa.
PubMed:Antioxidant and neurosedative properties of polyphenols and iridoids from Lippia alba.
PubMed:Flavor authentication studies of alpha-ionone, beta-ionone, and alpha-ionol from various sources.
PubMed:Chelitis from contact allergy to citral in lip salve.
PubMed:Antimicrobial activity of aroma compounds against Saccharomyces cerevisiae and improvement of microbiological stability of soft drinks as assessed by logistic regression.
PubMed:Fragrance ingredient labelling in products on sale in the U.K.
PubMed:The survival of three strains of Arcobacter butzleri in the presence of lemon, orange and bergamot essential oils and their components in vitro and on food.
PubMed:Chemical and physical stability of citral and limonene in sodium dodecyl sulfate-chitosan and gum arabic-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions.
PubMed:Assessment of sensitization potential of monoterpenes using the rat popliteal lymph node assay.
PubMed:Male sex pheromone release and female mate choice in a butterfly.
PubMed:[Mitochondria aberration of Aspergillus flavus under citral stress circumstance].
PubMed:Perceptual interactions between characteristic notes smelled above aqueous solutions of odorant mixtures.
PubMed:Modeling the inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium growth by combination of food antimicrobials.
PubMed:Geraniol synthases from perilla and their taxonomical significance.
PubMed:Retinoic acid-induced glandular differentiation of the oesophagus.
PubMed:Authenticity control of essential oils containing citronellal and citral by chiral and stable-isotope gas-chromatographic analysis.
PubMed:Antimicrobial effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde, (-)-perillaldehyde, (-)-citronellal, citral, eugenol and carvacrol on airborne microbes using an airwasher.
PubMed:Flavor components of monoterpenes in citrus essential oils enhance the release of monoamines from rat brain slices.
PubMed:Gene expression in Xenopus laevis embryos after Triadimefon exposure.
PubMed:Fifth instar experience reduces aversiveness of the plant extract ruda (Ruta Graveolens) in the adult triatomine Rhodnius prolixus Stal 1859.
PubMed:Acute effects of dietary retinoic acid on ocular components in the growing chick.
PubMed:In vivo larvicidal activity of monoterpenic derivatives from aromatic plants against L3 larvae of Anisakis simplex s.l.
PubMed:Citral, a component of lemongrass oil inhibits the clastogenic effect of nickel chloride in mouse micronucleus test system.
PubMed:Foot odor due to microbial metabolism and its control.
PubMed:Potent inhibitory effects of black tea theaflavins on off-odor formation from citral.
PubMed:Retinoids during the in vitro transition from bovine morula to blastocyst.
PubMed:Tyrosinase inhibitory activity of citrus essential oils.
PubMed:Essential oil composition of diploid and tetraploid clones of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) grown in Australia.
PubMed:Comparison of effects of octopamine and insecticidal essential oils on activity in the nerve cord, foregut, and dorsal unpaired median neurons of cockroaches.
PubMed:Investigation of the dermal sensitization potential of various essential oils in the local lymph node assay.
PubMed:[Study on morphological change of aspergillus flavus damaged by citral with a multi-channel micro-spectrophotometer system].
PubMed:How cysteine reacts with citral: an unexpected reaction of beta,beta-disubstituted acroleins with cysteine leading to hexahydro-1,4-thiazepines.
PubMed:Maturation of odor representation in the honeybee antennal lobe.
PubMed:Analysis of the enzymatic formation of citral in the glands of sweet basil.
PubMed:Reaction of Melipona rufiventris lepeletier to citral and against an attack by the Cleptobiotic bee Lestrimelitta limao (Smith) (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponina).
PubMed:[Allelopathic effects of Cymbopogon citratu volatile and its chemical components].
PubMed:Citral is a new inducer of caspase-3 in tumor cell lines.
PubMed:Patch testing with a new fragrance mix - reactivity to the individual constituents and chemical detection in relevant cosmetic products.
PubMed:Patch testing with a new fragrance mix detects additional patients sensitive to perfumes and missed by the current fragrance mix.
PubMed:Carotenoid pigmentation affects the volatile composition of tomato and watermelon fruits, as revealed by comparative genetic analyses.
PubMed:Bioactive constituents from Dracocephalum subcapitatum (O. Kuntze) Lipsky.
PubMed:Synergistic inhibitory effect of citral with selected phenolics against Zygosaccharomyces bailii.
PubMed:LC determination of citral in Cymbopogon citratus volatile oil.
PubMed:Retinoic acid-dependent regulation of BMP4 and Tbx5 in the embryonic chick retina.
PubMed:Control of retinoic acid synthesis and FGF expression in the nasal pit is required to pattern the craniofacial skeleton.
PubMed:Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of citrus essences on Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
PubMed:Antioxidant activity of plant extracts on the inhibition of citral off-odor formation.
PubMed:Retinoic acid imprints gut-homing specificity on T cells.
PubMed:Formation mechanism of p-methylacetophenone from citral via a tert-alkoxy radical intermediate.
PubMed:Synthesis of 4-aryl substituted semicarbazones of some terpenes as novel anticonvulsants.
PubMed:Antibacterial activities of plant essential oils and their components against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica in apple juice.
PubMed:Treatment of alopecia areata in the DEBR model using Cyclosporin A lipid vesicles.
PubMed:[Investigation of chemical composition of propolis extract].
PubMed:Effects of citral on Aspergillus flavus spores by quasi-elastic light scattering and multiplex microanalysis techniques.
PubMed:Inactivation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides spores by high hydrostatic pressure combined with citral or lemongrass essential oil.
PubMed:Effects of methoprene, its metabolites, and breakdown products on retinoid-activated pathways in transfected cell lines.
PubMed:Validation of a stimulation protocol suited to the investigation of odor-taste interactions with fMRI.
PubMed:Analysis of anal secretions from phlaeothripine thrips.
PubMed:Utilisation of on-line acoustic irradiation as a means to counter-effect catalyst deactivation in heterogeneous catalysis.
PubMed:Action of different monoterpenic compounds against Anisakis simplex s.l. L3 larvae.
PubMed:Induction of apoptosis by Citrus paradisi essential oil in human leukemic (HL-60) cells.
PubMed:A pharmacological profile of the aldehyde receptor repertoire in rat olfactory epithelium.
PubMed:Effect of some penetration enhancers on the permeation of glibenclamide and glipizide through mouse skin.
PubMed:Suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced neutrophil adherence responses by essential oils.
PubMed:Characterization of geraniol synthase from the peltate glands of sweet basil.
PubMed:Citral a fragrance allergen and irritant.
PubMed:Chemical ecology of oribatid mites III. Chemical composition of oil gland exudates from two oribatid mites, Trhypochthoniellus sp. and Trhypochthonius japonicus (Acari: Trhypochthoniidae).
PubMed:Modulation of olfactory learning in young rats through intrabulbar GABA(B) receptors.
PubMed:Receptor contributions to configural and elemental odor mixture perception.
PubMed:Fragrance allergy in patients with hand eczema - a clinical study.
PubMed:Relaxant effect of essential oil of Melissa officinalis and citral on rat ileum contractions.
PubMed:Inhibition of citrus postharvest pathogens by vapor of citral and related compounds in culture.
PubMed:Provitamin A conversion to retinal via the beta,beta-carotene-15,15'-oxygenase (bcox) is essential for pattern formation and differentiation during zebrafish embryogenesis.
PubMed:NTP toxicology and carcinogenesiss studies of citral (microencapsulated) (CAS No. 5392-40-5) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (feed studies).
PubMed:SURE, why not? The SUbstitution-REciprocity method for measurement of odor quality discrimination thresholds: replication and extension to nonhuman primates.
PubMed:Central effects of citral, myrcene and limonene, constituents of essential oil chemotypes from Lippia alba (Mill.) n.e. Brown.
PubMed:Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of microencapsulated citral in rats and mice.
PubMed:[Study on biochemical mechanism of citral damage to the A. flavasi's mitochondria].
PubMed:[Study on quantitative test on the DNA damage of Aspergillus flavus caused by citral with a comet analysis system].
PubMed:[Preliminary study on citral impaires the Aspergillus flavus membrane].
PubMed:Retinoic acid involvement in the reciprocal neurotrophic interactions between newt spinal cord and limb blastemas in vitro.
PubMed:Geranial: the alarm pheromone in the nymphal stage of the oribatid mite, Nothrus palustris.
PubMed:A novel, inducible, citral lyase purified from spores of Penicillium digitatum.
PubMed:Toxicity of terpenes to spores and mycelium of Penicillium digitatum.
PubMed:The quantification of citral in lemongrass and lemon oils by near-infrared spectroscopy.
PubMed:The antibacterial activity of topical retinoids: the case of retinaldehyde.
PubMed:Selective liquid phase hydrogenation of citral on Au/Fe2O3 catalysts.
PubMed:PAV-1, a new rat hepatic stellate cell line converts retinol into retinoic acid, a process altered by ethanol.
PubMed:Kinetic analysis of mouse retinal dehydrogenase type-2 (RALDH2) for retinal substrates.
PubMed:Aspergillus flavus dose-response curves to selected natural and synthetic antimicrobials.
PubMed:Comparison of extraction methods for marker compounds in the essential oil of lemon grass by GC.
PubMed:First isolation of geranyl disaccharides from ginger and their relations to aroma formation.
PubMed:Geraniol biotransformation-pathway in spores of Penicillium digitatum.
PubMed:Geraniol dehydrogenase activity related to aroma formation in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).
PubMed:NTP announces bioassay results.
PubMed:Sources and sink of retinoic acid in the embryonic chick retina: distribution of aldehyde dehydrogenase activities, CRABP-I, and sites of retinoic acid inactivation.
PubMed:Effects of senescence and citral on neuronal vacuolar degeneration in rat pelvic ganglia.
PubMed:Stability of monoterpenes encapsulated in gum Arabic by spray-drying.
PubMed:Development of non-radio isotopic endpoint of murine local lymph node assay based on 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation.
PubMed:Mode of action of hot-water dip in reducing decay of lemon fruit.
PubMed:Metabolic conversion of retinol to retinoic acid mediates the biological responsiveness of human mammary epithelial cells to retinol.
PubMed:Retinoic acid-mediated gene expression in transgenic reporter zebrafish.
PubMed:Biotransformation of geraniol, nerol and citral by sporulated surface cultures of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium sp.
PubMed:Amino acid-catalyzed conversion of citral: cis-trans isomerization and its conversion into 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and acetaldehyde.
PubMed:OLN-93 oligodendrocytes synthesize all-trans-retinoic acid in vitro.
PubMed:Aldehyde dehydrogenase 6, a cytosolic retinaldehyde dehydrogenase prominently expressed in sensory neuroepithelia during development.
PubMed:Retinoic acid, midkine, and defects of secondary neurulation.
PubMed:Laboratory evaluations of methylated soy oil and monoterpenes as mosquito larvicides.
PubMed:Effects of branched cyclodextrins on the solubility and stability of terpenes.
PubMed:Light-adaptive effects of retinoic acid on receptive field properties of retinal horizontal cells.
PubMed:The control of Xenopus embryonic primary neurogenesis is mediated by retinoid signalling in the neurectoderm.
PubMed:The main citral-geraniol and carvacrol chemotypes of the essential oil of thymus pulegioides L. growing wild in vilnius district (Lithuania).
PubMed:Retinoylation of proteins in rat hepatocytes following uptake of chylomicron remnant retinyl ester.
PubMed:p53 induction as a genotoxic test for twenty-five chemicals undergoing in vivo carcinogenicity testing.
PubMed:Biological activities of topical retinaldehyde.
PubMed:Mechanism of inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase by citral, a retinoid antagonist.
PubMed:Aldehyde inhibitors of aldehyde dehydrogenases.
PubMed:Odour coding is bilaterally symmetrical in the antennal lobes of honeybees (Apis mellifera).
PubMed:Mutagenicity testing (+/-)-camphor, 1,8-cineole, citral, citronellal, (-)-menthol and terpineol with the Salmonella/microsome assay.
PubMed:cDNA cloning and characterization of a new human microsomal NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase that oxidizes all-trans-retinol and 3alpha-hydroxysteroids.
PubMed:Retinoic acid has light-adaptive effects on horizontal cells in the retina.
PubMed:Fin duplications and deletions induced by disruption of retinoic acid signaling.
PubMed:Role of chronic inflammation in the promotion of prostatic hyperplasia in rats.
PubMed:Retinoic acid signaling cascade in differentiating murine epidermal keratinocytes: alterations in papilloma- and carcinoma-derived cell lines.
PubMed:Retinoic acid reverses ethanol-induced cardiovascular abnormalities in quail embryos.
PubMed:In vitro inhibition of CYP2B1 monooxygenase by beta-myrcene and other monoterpenoid compounds.
PubMed:Biotransformation of all-trans-retinal, 13-cis-retinal, and 9-cis-retinal catalyzed by conceptal cytosol and microsomes.
PubMed:Disruption of local retinoid-mediated gene expression accompanies abnormal development in the mammalian olfactory pathway.
PubMed:Antibacterial and antifungal activity of aromatic constituents of essential oils.
PubMed:Retinoic acid alters photoreceptor development in vivo.
PubMed:Early olfactory experience, novelty, and choice of sexual partner by male rats.
PubMed:Beta-oxidation in rabbit liver in vitro and in the perfused ferret liver contributes to retinoic acid biosynthesis from beta-apocarotenoic acids.
PubMed:Inhibition of glutathione S-transferase activity in human melanoma cells by alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives. Effects of acrolein, cinnamaldehyde, citral, crotonaldehyde, curcumin, ethacrynic acid, and trans-2-hexenal.
PubMed:Citral and testosterone interactions in inducing benign and atypical prostatic hyperplasia in rats.
PubMed:Characteristic properties of a retinoic acid synthetic cytochrome P-450 purified from liver microsomes of 3-methylcholanthrene-induced rats.
PubMed:Cloning of a cDNA encoding an aldehyde dehydrogenase and its expression in Escherichia coli. Recognition of retinal as substrate.
PubMed:The nature of the late positive complex within the olfactory event-related potential (OERP).
PubMed:Natural ingredients based cosmetics. Content of selected fragrance sensitizers.
PubMed:Decomposition of Terpenes by Ozone during Sampling on Tenax.
PubMed:Citral, an inhibitor of retinoic acid synthesis, modifies chick limb development.
PubMed:In vivo biosynthesis of retinoic acid from beta-carotene involves and excentric cleavage pathway in ferret intestine.
PubMed:Metabolism of all-trans, 9-cis, and 13-cis isomers of retinal by purified isozymes of microsomal cytochrome P450 and mechanism-based inhibition of retinoid oxidation by citral.
PubMed:Patch testing with fragrances: results of a multicenter study of the European Environmental and Contact Dermatitis Research Group with 48 frequently used constituents of perfumes.
PubMed:Biotransformation of all-trans-retinol and all-trans-retinal to all-trans-retinoic acid in rat conceptal homogenates.
PubMed:Blockade of the initiation of murine odontogenesis in vitro by citral, an inhibitor of endogenous retinoic acid synthesis.
PubMed:Study on the embryofeto-toxicity of citral in the rat.
PubMed:Enhancement of odorant-induced mucosal activity patterns in rats trained on an odorant identification task.
PubMed:Biological activity of all-trans retinol requires metabolic conversion to all-trans retinoic acid and is mediated through activation of nuclear retinoid receptors in human keratinocytes.
PubMed:Antifungal properties of essential oils and their main components upon Cryptococcus neoformans.
PubMed:Safety evaluations of food chemicals by "COMPACT". 1. A study of some acyclic terpenes.
PubMed:Insecticidal properties of several monoterpenoids to the house fly (Diptera: Muscidae), red flour beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and southern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).
PubMed:Retinoic acid is necessary for development of the ventral retina in zebrafish.
PubMed:Immediate vasoactive effect of citral on the adolescent rat ventral prostate.
PubMed:Comparative study of experimentally induced benign and atypical hyperplasia in the ventral prostate of different rat strains.
PubMed:Photoinduced electric currents in carotenoid-deficient Chlamydomonas mutants reconstituted with retinal and its analogs.
PubMed:Retinoids control surfactant phospholipid biosynthesis in fetal rat lung.
PubMed:Genetic control of geranial formation in Perilla frutescens.
PubMed:v-erbA and citral reduce the teratogenic effects of all-trans retinoic acid and retinol, respectively, in Xenopus embryogenesis.
PubMed:Food deprivation reduces rats' oil preference.
PubMed:Comparison of the toxicity of citral in F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice when administrated by microencapsulation in feed or by corn-oil gavage.
PubMed:Retinoic acid regulates retinol metabolism via feedback inhibition of retinol oxidation and stimulation of retinol esterification in ferret liver.
PubMed:Changing chemosusceptibility in the second-stage larvae of Toxocara canis by long-term incubation.
PubMed:An arm immersion model of compromised skin (I). Influence on irritation reactions.
PubMed:Inhibitory effects of terpene alcohols and aldehydes on growth of green algaChlorella pyrenoidosa.
PubMed:Mechanisms of citral phototoxicity.
PubMed:Antibacterial activity of essential oil components.
PubMed:Benzaldehyde, citral, and d-limonene flavor perception in the presence of casein and whey proteins.
PubMed:Developmental toxicity evaluation of inhaled citral in Sprague-Dawley rats.
PubMed:Retinoic acid can be produced from excentric cleavage of beta-carotene in human intestinal mucosa.
PubMed:Estrogenic action of commonly used fragrant agent citral induces prostatic hyperplasia.
PubMed:[Campaign against allergenic moulds in dwellings. Inhibitor properties of essential oil of Geranium 'Bourbon', citronellol, geraniol and citral].
PubMed:Application of microencapsulation technology to improve the stability of citral in rodent diets.
PubMed:[Progress of Litsea cubeba emulsion in the pharmacological and therapeutic research].
PubMed:Immunocytochemistry of epithelial markers in citral-induced prostate hyperplasia in rats.
PubMed:Conversion of retinol to retinal by rat liver microsomes.
PubMed:Modulation of tumor promotion in mouse skin by the food additive citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal).
PubMed:Synthetic retinoids affect differently the epidermal synthesis of 3,4-didehydroretinol.
PubMed:The metabolism of 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (citral) in rat hepatic mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. Interactions with aldehyde and alcohol dehydrogenases.
PubMed:Metabolism of citral, an alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde, in male F344 rats.
PubMed:Membrane fluidity changes of liposomes in response to various odorants. Complexity of membrane composition and variety of adsorption sites for odorants.
PubMed:Hepatic peroxisomal and microsomal enzyme induction by citral and linalool in rats.
PubMed:Terpenoid biotransformation in mammals. V. Metabolism of (+)-citronellal, (+-)-7-hydroxycitronellal, citral, (-)-perillaldehyde, (-)-myrtenal, cuminaldehyde, thujone, and (+-)-carvone in rabbits.
PubMed:Impact of lemongrass oil, an essential oil, on serum cholesterol.
PubMed:Allergic contact dermatitis resulting from sensitivity to citrus peel, geraniol, and citral.
PubMed:Oxidation of retinol to retinoic acid as a requirement for biological activity in mouse epidermis.
PubMed:The mortician's mystery solved?
PubMed:Sebaceous gland hyperplasia following topical application of citral. An ultrastructural study.
PubMed:Disposition of citral in male Fischer rats.
PubMed:Effect of agar on the inhibitory activity of antifungal compounds citral and menthol.
PubMed:Mode of antifungal action of essential oil components citral and camphor.
PubMed:Comparison of the short-term hepatic effects of orally administered citral in Long Evans hooded and Wistar albino rats.
PubMed:Terminal-group oxidation of retinol by mouse epidermis. Inhibition in vitro and in vivo.
PubMed:Experimental induction of atypical hyperplasia in rat ventral prostate.
PubMed:[Miscellaneous contributions to the essential oils of plants from various territories. XLVII. On the components of essential oils of Cinnamomum sieboldii Meisn].
PubMed:Early stages of the pathogenesis of rat ventral prostate hyperplasia induced by citral.
PubMed:The hemolytic activity of citral--II. Glutathione depletion in citral treated erythrocytes.
PubMed:[The active principles of Litsea cubeba in the treatment of coronary heart disease].
PubMed:Antibacterial constituents in the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.
PubMed:The hemolytic activity of citral: evidence for free radical participation.
PubMed:[Antifungal activity of volatile oils in Litsea cubeba and its main constituent citral].
PubMed:[Antifungal and antimicrobial activity of beta-ionone and vitamin A derivatives].
PubMed:Sebaceous glands changes following topical application of citral.
PubMed:The influence of limonene on induced delayed hypersensitivity to citral in guinea pigs. I. Histological study.
PubMed:The influence of limonene on induced delayed hypersensitivity to citral in guinea pigs. II. Label distribution in the skin of 14C-labelled citral.
PubMed:Inhibition of rat liver sterol formation by isoprenoid and conjugated ene compounds.
PubMed:Prenatal and postnatal determinants of the 1st suckling episode in albino rats.
PubMed:[Evaluation of emotional reactions of the rat elicited by biologicaly meaningful odorants during an operant behavior (author's transl)].
PubMed:Surgical manipulation of the uterine environment of rat fetuses.
PubMed:Citral: A survey of consumer patch-test sensitization.
PubMed:Experimental limb dysmorphogenesis as a model of chemical injury response in undifferentiated embryonic tissues: a light and electron microscopical study.
PubMed:Selective oocyte degeneration and impaired fertility in rats treated with the aliphatic monoterpene, Citral.
PubMed:Incipient histopathological lesions in citral-induced microphthalmos in chick embryos.
PubMed:Vitamin A receptors. II. Characteristics of retinol binding in chick retina and pigment epithelium.
PubMed:Metabolism of monoterpene alcohol, linalool, by a soil pseudomonad.
PubMed:Studies on the absorption, distribution and excretion of citral in the rat and mouse.
PubMed:In vitro differentiation of a homogeneous cell population--the epidermis of Xenopus laevis.
PubMed:Effect of vitamin A and Citral on peritoneal adhesion formation.
PubMed:The effect of inhalation of citral and geraniol on the output and composition of respiratory tract fluid.
PubMed:[Effect of citral on the formation of carotenoids in Rhodotorula gracilis].
PubMed:Influence of vitamin A and 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (citral) on the effect of benzo(a)pyrene on hamster trachea in organ culture.
PubMed:Microbial transformation of terpenoids. I. Identification of metabolites produced by a pseudomonad from citronellal and citral.
PubMed:Vitamin A and the biosynthesis of sulphated mucopolysaccharides. Experiments with rats and cultured neoplastic mast cells.
PubMed:THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN A, HYDROCORTISONE AND CITRAL UPON SULPHATE METABOLISM IN SKIN.
PubMed:THE EFFECTS OF VITAMIN A AND CITRAL ON EPITHELIAL DIFFERENTIATION IN VITRO. 2. THE CHICK OESOPHAGEAL AND CORNEAL EPITHELIA AND EPIDERMIS.
PubMed:The effect of vitamin A and citral on epithelial differentiation in vitro. I. The chick tracheal epithelium.
PubMed:Incorporation of citral-C14 and geraniol-C14 into beta-carotene in carrot root slices; interconversion of citral and geraniol in carrot root slices and by alcohol dehydrogenase.
PubMed:The effect of citral and vitamin A on the intraocular dynamics of rabbits.
PubMed:A study of the effect of citral and vitamin A on glaucoma.
PubMed:[Application of citral in glaucoma].
 
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